أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ، قَالَ : حدثنا بِشْرٌ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمَّارٍ ، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ، قَالَ : يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لِرَافِعِ بْنِ خَدِيجٍ أَنَا كُنْتُ أَعْلَمُ بِالْحَدِيثِ ، إِنَّمَا جَاءَ رَجُلانِ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدِ اقْتَتَلا ، فَقَالَ : إِنْ كَانَ هَذَا شَأْنَكُمْ فَلا تُكْرُوا الْمَزَارِعَ ، فَسَمِعَ قَوْلَهُ : لا تُكْرُوا الْمَزَارِعَ "، قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ : كِتَابَةُ مُزَارَعَةٍ عَلَى أَنَّ الْبَذْرَ ، وَالنَّفَقَةَ عَلَى صَاحِبِ الأَرْضِ ، وَلِلْمُزَارِعِ رُبْعُ مَا يُخْرِجُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْهَا ، هَذَا كِتَابٌ كَتَبَهُ فُلانُ بْنُ فُلانٍ فِي صِحَّةٍ مِنْهُ وَجَوَازِ أَمْرٍ لِفُلانِ بْنِ فُلانٍ أَنَّكَ دَفَعْتَ إِلَيَّ جَمِيعَ أَرْضِكَ الَّتِي بِمَوْضِعِ كَذَا فِي مَدِينَةِ كَذَا مُزَارَعَةً ، وَهِيَ الأَرْضُ الَّتِي تُعْرَفُ بِكَذَا ، وَتَجْمَعُهَا حُدُودٌ أَرْبَعَةٌ يُحِيطُ بِهَا كُلِّهَا ، وَأَحَدُ تِلْكَ الْحُدُودِ بِأَسْرِهِ لَزِيقُ كَذَا ، وَالثَّانِي وَالثَّالِثُ وَالرَّابِعُ دَفَعْتَ إِلَيَّ جَمِيعَ أَرْضِكَ هَذِهِ الْمَحْدُودَةِ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ بِحُدُودِهَا الْمُحِيطَةِ بِهَا ، وَجَمِيعِ حُقُوقِهَا ، وَشِرْبِهَا ، وَأَنْهَارِهَا ، وَسَوَاقِيهَا أَرْضًا بَيْضَاءَ فَارِغَةً لا شَيْءَ فِيهَا مِنْ غَرْسٍ ، وَلا زَرْعٍ سَنَةً تَامَّةً أَوَّلُهَا مُسْتَهَلُّ شَهْرِ كَذَا مِنْ سَنَةِ كَذَا ، وَآخِرُهَا انْسِلاخُ شَهْرِ كَذَا مِنْ سَنَةِ كَذَا عَلَى أَنْ أَزْرَعَ جَمِيعَ هَذِهِ الأَرْضِ الْمَحْدُودَةِ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ الْمَوْصُوفِ مَوْضِعُهَا فِيهِ هَذِهِ السَّنَةُ الْمُؤَقَّتَةُ فِيهَا مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا كُلَّ مَا أَرَدْتُ وَبَدَا لِي أَنْ أَزْرَعَ فِيهَا مِنْ حِنْطَةٍ ، وَشَعِيرٍ ، وَسَمَاسِمَ ، وَأُرْزٍ ، وَأَقْطَانٍ ، وَرِطَابٍ ، وَبَاقِلا ، وَحِمَّصٍ ، وَلُوبْيَا ، وَعَدَسٍ ، وَمَقَاثِيَ ، وَمَبَاطِيخَ ، وَجَزَرٍ ، وَشَلْجَمٍ ، وَفُجْلٍ ، وَبَصَلٍ ، وَثُومٍ ، وَبُقُولٍ ، وَرَيَاحِينَ ، وَغَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْغَلاتِ شِتَاءً وَصَيْفًا بِبُزُورِكَ وَبَذْرِكَ ، وَجَمِيعُهُ عَلَيْكَ دُونِي عَلَى أَنْ أَتَوَلَّى ذَلِكَ بِيَدِي ، وَبِمَنْ أَرَدْتُ مِنْ أَعْوَانِي ، وَأُجَرَائِي وَبَقَرِي ، وَأَدَوَاتِي وَإِلَى زَرَاعَةِ ذَلِكَ وَعِمَارَتِهِ ، وَالْعَمَلِ بِمَا فِيهِ نَمَاؤُهُ ، وَمَصْلَحَتُهُ ، وَكِرَابُ أَرْضِهِ ، وَتَنْقِيَةُ حَشِيشِهَا وَسَقْيُ مَا يُحْتَاجُ إِلَى سَقْيِهِ مِمَّا زُرِعَ ، وَتَسْمِيدُ مَا يُحْتَاجُ إِلَى تَسْمِيدِهِ ، وَحَفْرُ سَوَاقِيهِ وَأَنْهَارِهِ وَاجْتِنَاءِ مَا يُجْتَنَى مِنْهُ ، وَالْقِيَامُ بِحَصَادِ مَا يُحْصَدُ مِنْهُ ، وَجَمْعُهُ وَدِيَاسَةُ مَا يُدَاسُ مِنْهُ ، وَتَذْرِيَتُهُ بِنَفَقَتِكَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ دُونِي ، وَأَعْمَلُ فِيهِ كُلِّهِ بِيَدِي ، وَأَعْوَانِي دُونَكَ عَلَى أَنَّ لَكَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ مَا يُخْرِجُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ كُلِّهِ فِي هَذِهِ الْمُدَّةِ الْمَوْصُوفَةِ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ مِنْ أَوَّلِهَا إِلَى آخِرِهَا فَلَكَ ثَلاثَةُ أَرْبَاعِهِ بِحَظِّ أَرْضِكَ ، وَشِرْبِكَ وَبَذْرِكَ وَنَفَقَاتِكَ ، وَلِيَ الرُّبُعُ الْبَاقِي مِنْ جَمِيعِ ذَلِكَ بِزِرَاعَتِي ، وَعَمَلِي ، وَقِيَامِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ بِيَدِي ، وَأَعْوَانِي وَدَفَعْتَ إِلَيَّ جَمِيعَ أَرْضِكَ هَذِهِ الْمَحْدُودَةِ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ بِجَمِيعِ حُقُوقِهَا ، وَمَرَافِقِهَا وَقَبَضْتُ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ مِنْكَ يَوْمَ كَذَا مِنْ شَهْرِ كَذَا مِنْ سَنَةِ كَذَا ، فَصَارَ جَمِيعُ ذَلِكَ فِي يَدَيَّ لَكَ لا مِلْكَ لِي فِي شَيْءٍ مِنْهُ ، وَلا دَعْوَى ، وَلا طَلِبَةَ إِلا هَذِهِ الْمُزَارَعَةَ الْمَوْصُوفَةَ فِي هَذَا الْكِتَابِ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ الْمُسَمَّاةِ فِيهِ ، فَإِذَا انْقَضَتْ فَذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ مَرْدُودٌ إِلَيْكَ وَإِلَى يَدِكِ وَلَكَ أَنْ تُخْرِجَنِي بَعْدَ انْقِضَائِهَا مِنْهَا وَتُخْرِجَهَا مِنْ يَدَيَّ وَيَدِ كُلِّ مَنْ صَارَتْ لَهُ فِيهَا يَدٌ بِسَبَبِي ، أَقَرَّ فُلانٌ وَفُلانٌ ، وَكُتِبَ هَذَا الْكِتَابُ نُسْخَتَيْنِ"
EnglishUnverified translation
Isma'il ibn Mas'ud informed us, he said: Bashr narrated, from 'Abd al-Rahman, from Abu 'Ubaydah ibn Muhammad ibn 'Ammar, from al-Walid ibn al-Walid, from 'Urwah ibn al-Zubayr, from Zayd ibn Thabit, who said: \May Allah forgive Rafi' ibn Khadij—I was more knowledgeable about the hadith. Two men from the Ansar came to the Messenger of Allah"," peace and blessings be upon him"," having fought with one another. He said: 'If this is your state"," then do not lease out agricultural lands.' So his words were heard: 'Do not lease out agricultural lands.'\"\n\nAbu 'Abd al-Rahman said: A written sharecropping contract stipulating that the seed and expenses are borne by the landowner"," and the sharecropper receives one-quarter of what Allah"," the Mighty and Sublime"," produces from it—this is a document written by so-and-so son of so-and-so"," in sound health and with lawful authority"," for so-and-so son of so-and-so"," stating: \"You have handed over to me all of your land situated in such-and-such a place in such-and-such a city"," as a sharecropping arrangement. It is the land known as such-and-such"," bounded by four boundaries that encompass it entirely"," one of which adjoins such-and-such along its entire length"," and the second"," third"," and fourth likewise. You have handed over to me all of this land"," defined in this document by its surrounding boundaries"," along with all its rights"," its water supply"," its rivers"," and its irrigation channels—as an empty"," vacant plot of land"," containing neither trees nor crops—for a complete year"," the first of which is the beginning of such-and-such month in such-and-such year"," and the last of which is the end of such-and-such month in such-and-such year"," on the condition that I cultivate all of this land defined in this document"," whose location is described therein"," during this specified year"," from its beginning to its end"," with whatever I wish and see fit to plant of wheat"," barley"," sesame"," rice"," cotton"," fresh vegetables"," green beans"," chickpeas"," cowpeas"," lentils"," cucurbits"," melons"," carrots"," turnips"," radishes"," onions"," garlic"," herbs"," aromatic plants"," and all other produce"," winter and summer"," with your seeds and your planting material"," all of which is your responsibility and not mine; and that I undertake this with my own hand and with whomever I wish of my helpers"," my laborers"," my oxen"," and my tools; and that I attend to the cultivation and tending thereof"," and to whatever promotes its growth and proper maintenance"," including the ploughing of its land"," the clearing of its weeds"," the watering of whatever needs watering of what is planted"," the fertilizing of whatever needs fertilizing"," the digging of its irrigation channels and rivers"," the harvesting of whatever is to be harvested"," the gathering thereof"," the threshing of whatever is to be threshed"," and the winnowing thereof—all at your expense and not mine. I shall carry out all of this with my own hand and my helpers"," without your involvement. In return"," for all that Allah"," the Mighty and Sublime"," produces from all of the above during the period described in this document"," from its beginning to its end"," three-quarters shall be yours by virtue of your land"," your water supply"," your seed"," and your expenses"," and the remaining one-quarter shall be mine by virtue of my cultivation"," my labor"," and my tending of it with my own hand and my helpers. You have handed over to me all of this land defined in this document"," along with all its rights and appurtenances"," and I have taken possession of all of that from you on such-and-such a day"," in such-and-such a month"," in such-and-such a year. All of it has come into my possession"," and I have no ownership over any part of it"," nor any claim or demand"," except this sharecropping arrangement described in this document for the year specified therein. When that period expires"," all of it shall be returned to you and to your possession"," and you shall have the right to expel me from it after its expiration and to remove it from my possession and from the possession of anyone who has acquired any claim therein through me.\" So-and-so and so-and-so have acknowledged this"," and this document has been written in two copies.""
