3146 - وَحَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ ، قَالَ : أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيِّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ عَلْقَمَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : وَقَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى الْحَجُونِ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللهِ إِنَّكِ لَخَيْرُ أَرْضِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَأَحَبُّ أَرْضِ اللهِ إِلَى اللهِ ، وَلَوْ أَنِّي لَمْ أُخْرَجْ مِنْكِ مَا خَرَجْتُ ، وَإِنَّهَا لَمْ تَحِلَّ لِأَحَدٍ [8/172] كَانَ قَبْلِي ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ مِثْلَهُ ، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِيهِ : وَلَا تُلْتَقَطُ ضَالَّتُهَا إِلَّا لِمُنْشِدٍ ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ شَاهٍ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِلَّا الْإِذْخِرَ ، ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ بَقِيَّةَ الْحَدِيثِ . فَسَأَلَ سَائِلٌ عَمَّا أُضِيفَ فِي هَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثِ إِلَى الْعَبَّاسِ أَوْ إِلَى مَنْ ذُكِرَ سِوَاهُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمَّا ذَكَرَ حُرْمَةَ شَجَرِ مَكَّةَ ، وَحُرْمَةَ خَلَاهَا إِلَّا الْإِذْخِرَ اسْتِثْنَاءً مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، وَأَنْكَرَ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ مِنَ الْعَبَّاسِ ، وَأَنْ يَكُونَ رَسُولُ اللهِ يُقَارُّ أَحَدًا عَلَى ذَلِكَ . فَكَانَ جَوَابُنَا لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ بِتَوْفِيقِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَعَوْنِهِ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْآثَارَ ثَابِتَةٌ ، صَحِيحَةُ الْمَجِيءِ ، مَقْبُولَةٌ كُلُّهَا ، وَأَنَّ الَّذِي كَانَ مِنَ الْعَبَّاسِ أَوْ مِمَّنْ سِوَاهُ فِيهَا غَيْرُ مُنْكَرٍ مِنْ مِثْلِهِ ، وَأَنَّ تَرْكَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْكَارَ ذَلِكَ [8/173] عَلَيْهِ غَيْرُ مُنْكَرٍ أَيْضًا ، وَكَيْفَ يُنْكِرُ عَلَيْهِ مَا هُوَ مَحْمُودٌ فِيهِ ، إِذْ قَدْ عَلِمَ مِنْ حَاجَةِ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ إِلَى الْإِذْخِرِ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهَا ، فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا قَالَ ، طَلَبَ مِنْهُ مُرَاجَعَةَ رَبِّهِ فِي ذَلِكَ كَمَا سَأَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي حَدِيثِ الْمِعْرَاجِ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ لَمَّا افْتَرَضَ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ خَمْسِينَ صَلَاةً فِي الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ التَّخْفِيفَ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ مَرَّةٍ حَتَّى رَدَّهَا إِلَى خَمْسِ صَلَوَاتٍ ، وَكَمَا أُمِرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يَقْرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ عَلَى حَرْفٍ ، فَرَاجَعَ فِي ذَلِكَ مَرَّةً بَعْدَ مَرَّةٍ حَتَّى رَدَّ إِلَى سَبْعَةِ أَحْرُفٍ . فَكَانَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ مَا كَانَ مِنَ الْعَبَّاسِ أَوْ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ مِمَّا ذَكَرْنَا ، وَكَانَ قَوْلُهُ "إِلَّا الْإِذْخِرَ " وَقَطْعُهُ الْكَلَامَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ لِعِلْمِهِ بِفَهْمِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا أَرَادَهُ مِنْهُ مِنْ سُؤَالِهِ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَنْ ذَلِكَ ، فَغَنِيَ عَنِ الْكَلَامِ بِهِ ، كَمَا تَسْتَعْمِلُ الْعَرَبُ فِي كَلَامِهَا لِلِاخْتِصَارِ السُّكُوتَ عَنِ الْكَلَامِ بِهِ لِعِلْمِهَا بِفَهْمِ مَنْ تُخَاطِبُهُ بِذَلِكَ مَا خَاطَبَتْهُ بِهِ مِنْ أَجْلِهِ حَتَّى يَأْتُوا بِبَعْضِ الْكَلِمَةِ ، وَيَتْرُكُوا بَقِيَّتَهَا . وَمِنْ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُمْ : "كَفَى بِالسَّيْفِ شَا" ، يُرِيدُونَ شَاهِدًا ، حَتَّى تَعَالَى ذَلِكَ أَنْ جَاءَ الْقُرْآنُ بِهِ ، فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : { وَلَوْ أَنَّ قُرْآنًا سُيِّرَتْ بِهِ الْجِبَالُ أَوْ قُطِّعَتْ بِهِ الأَرْضُ أَوْ كُلِّمَ بِهِ الْمَوْتَى } ، ثُمَّ قَطَعَ بَقِيَّةَ الْكَلَامِ ، وَهُوَ مِمَّا قَدِ اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ الْعِلْمِ فِيهِ مَا هُوَ ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ : هُوَ : لَكَفَرُوا بِهِ ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ : هُوَ : لَكَانَ هَذَا الْقُرْآنُ . وَمِنْ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : { وَلَوْلا فَضْلُ اللهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ وَأَنَّ اللهَ تَوَّابٌ حَكِيمٌ } ، وَتَرَكَ ذِكْرَ مَا كَانَ يَكُونُ لَوْلَا فَضْلُهُ وَرَحْمَتُهُ . وَمِنْ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ : { أَمَّنْ هُوَ قَانِتٌ آنَاءَ اللَّيْلِ سَاجِدًا وَقَائِمًا يَحْذَرُ الآخِرَةَ وَيَرْجُو رَحْمَةَ رَبِّهِ } . [8/174] ثُمَّ قَالَ : { هَلْ يَسْتَوِي الَّذِينَ يَعْلَمُونَ وَالَّذِينَ لا يَعْلَمُونَ } ، وَتَرَكَ ذِكْرَ مَنْ لَيْسَ هُوَ مِثْلَهُ لِغِنَاهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ بِفَهْمِ الْمُخَاطَبِينَ بِهِ . فَمِثْلُ ذَلِكَ قَوْلُ الْعَبَّاسِ أَوْ مَنْ قَالَهُ سِوَاهُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِلَّا الْإِذْخِرَ غَنِيَ عَنِ اسْتِتْمَامِ الْكَلَامِ بِمَا أَرَادَ لِعِلْمِهِ بِفَهْمِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنْ مَا أَرَادَ . فَقَالَ هَذَا الْقَائِلُ : فَقَدْ كَانَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ الْجَوَابِ بِلَا زَمَانٍ فِيمَا بَيْنَ السُّؤَالِ وَبَيْنَ الْجَوَابِ يَكُونُ فِيهِ الْوَحْيُ لِذَلِكَ الْجَوَابِ . فَكَانَ جَوَابُنَا لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ بِتَوْفِيقِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ وَعَوْنِهِ : أَنَّهُ قَدْ يُحْتَمَلُ فِي لَطِيفِ قُدْرَةِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَجِيءُ الْوَحْيِ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ مِنْ حَيْثُ لَا نَعْقِلُ نَحْنُ مَجِيءَ مِثْلِهِ فِيهِ ، وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَانَ مِنَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِيهِ مَا كَانَ بِإِلْقَاءِ جِبْرِيلَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَلِكَ إِلَيْهِ ، كَمَا قَالَ لِلَّذِي سَأَلَهُ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ صَابِرًا مُحْتَسِبًا ، مُقْبِلًا غَيْرَ مُدْبِرٍ ، يُكَفِّرُ اللهُ عَنِّي خَطَايَايَ ؟ فَقَالَ : نَعَمْ . فَلَمَّا وَلَّى قَالَ لَهُ : إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ عَلَيْكَ دَيْنٌ ، كَذَلِكَ قَالَ لِي جِبْرِيلُ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ . فَدَلَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى حُضُورِ جِبْرِيلَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَوَابَهُ الْأَوَّلَ ، وَقَوْلِهُ لَهُ مَا قَالَهُ لِسَائِلِهِ جَوَابًا ثَانِيًا . وَإِذَا كُنَّا قَدْ رَوَيْنَا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا سَنَذْكُرُهُ فِيمَا بَعْدُ مِنْ كِتَابِنَا هَذَا إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ لِحَسَّانَ فِي وَقْتِ مُهَاجَاتِهِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عَنْهُ : [8/175] اهْجُهُمْ وَجِبْرِيلُ مَعَكَ . وَإِذَا كَانَ جِبْرِيلُ لِمُهَاجَاتِهِ قُرَيْشًا مَعَ حَسَّانَ ، كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِكَوْنِهِ مَعَهُ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ الَّتِي يُخْبِرُ النَّاسَ فِيهَا عَنِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ بِشَرَائِعِ دِينِهِمْ ، وَبِفَرَائِضِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْلَى ، وَبِكَوْنِ جِبْرِيلَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَعَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْوَقْتِ أَحْرَى . فَبَانَ بِحَمْدِ اللهِ وَنِعْمَتِهِ أَنْ لَا مُنْكِرَ فِي شَيْءٍ مِمَّا أَنْكَرَهُ هَذَا الْجَاهِلُ بِآثَارِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِمَّا ذَكَرْنَاهُ عَنْهُ ، وَاللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ نَسْأَلُهُ التَّوْفِيقَ .
EnglishUnverified translation
3146 - And Ali ibn Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, he said: Said ibn Abi Maryam narrated to us, he said: Ibn al-Darawardi informed us, he said: Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Alqamah narrated to us, from Abu Salamah ibn Abd al-Rahman, from Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, he said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) stood upon al-Hajun and said: By Allah, you are Allah's best land, and Allah's most beloved land to Allah; had I not been expelled from you I would not have left. It was never lawful for anyone before me. Then he mentioned the like of it, except he said therein: Its stray is not picked except for announcer. A man called Shah said: O Messenger of Allah, except idhkhir. Then he mentioned the rest of the hadith. A questioner asked of what is ascribed in these hadiths to al-Abbas or to whoever mentioned besides him, of his saying to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) when he mentioned Makkah's trees' sanctity and its herbage's sanctity: except idhkhir, excepting from that; and denied that was from al-Abbas, and that the Messenger of Allah would assent to anyone upon that. Our answer to him in that, by Allah's help and aid, is: these reports are established, sound in coming, all accepted. What was from al-Abbas or besides him therein is not denied of its like. The Messenger of Allah leaving its disapproval against him is also not denied. How would he disapprove against him what he is praiseworthy in, since he knew of Makkah folk's need to idhkhir what they are upon of it, and said to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) what he said, seeking from him his Lord's review therein, as the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) asked in the Miraj hadith his Lord when He obligated upon his community fifty prayers in day and night, for lightening time after time till He returned them to five prayers. As the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was commanded to recite the Quran upon one letter, and reviewed therein time after time till returned to seven letters. Like that is what was from al-Abbas or besides him of what we mentioned. His saying: except idhkhir, cutting speech there, is for his knowing the Prophet's understanding what he wanted of it, of asking his Lord about that. He sufficed from speech with it, as Arabs use in their speech for brevity, silence from speech with it for knowing their addressee's understanding what they addressed him with for its sake, till they bring part of the word and leave its rest. And of that is their saying: Enough with the sword, Shah, meaning witness, till that rose and the Quran came with it. Of that is His saying: Had there been a Quran by which mountains are moved, earth cut, or dead spoken to; then He cut the rest of speech, which the knowledge folk differed over what it is: some said: it is: they would disbelieve in it; some said: it is: this Quran would be. And of that His saying: Had not Allah's bounty upon you and His mercy, and that Allah is Relenting, Wise; leaving mention of what would be were it not His bounty and mercy. And of that His saying: Is one devout in night hours, prostrating and standing, fearing the Hereafter and hoping his Lord's mercy; then He said: Are those knowing and those not knowing equal; leaving mention of who is not like him, for sufficing with addressees' understanding with it. Like that is al-Abbas's or whoever said it besides him saying to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him): except idhkhir, sufficing from completing speech with what he wanted, for knowing the Prophet's understanding of what he wanted. This speaker said: The Prophet's answer to him was with no time between question and answer in which revelation for that answer would be. Our answer to him in that, by Allah's help and aid, is: Allah's subtle power may bring revelation in that time from where we do not conceive the like's coming therein. It may be what the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did therein was by Gabriel casting that to him, as he said to the one asking him in Abu Qatadah's hadith: What if I am killed in Allah's path, patient, seeking reward, advancing, not retreating; does Allah expiate my sins? He said: Yes. When he turned, he said to him: Except debt be upon you; so Gabriel said to me. That indicates Gabriel's presence at his first answer, and his saying to his questioner what he said to him as second answer. When we narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) what we shall mention afterward in our book, Allah willing, of his saying to Hassan in his lampooning the polytheists against him: Lampoon them, Gabriel with you. When Gabriel was with Hassan for lampooning Quraysh, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), by his being with him in his address informing people therein from Allah of their religion's laws and obligations upon them, is worthier; and Gabriel being with him in that time fitter. So it became clear, by Allah's praise and blessing, there is nothing denied in anything this ignorant of the Messenger of Allah's reports denied of what we mentioned from him; and Allah we ask for success.
