4038 - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرَةَ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا مُؤَمَّلٌ . ( ح ) . 4039 - وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مَرْزُوقٍ ، قَالَ : ثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْعُرَنِيِّ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، قَالَ : إِذَا رَمَيْتُمُ الْجَمْرَةَ ، فَقَدْ حَلَّ لَكُمْ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا النِّسَاءَ . فَقَالَ لَهُ رَجُلٌ : وَالطِّيبُ . فَقَالَ : أَمَّا أَنَا فَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُضَمِّخُ رَأْسَهُ بِالْمِسْكِ ، أَفَطِيبٌ هُوَ ؟ فَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ مِنْ قَوْلِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا مَا قَدْ ذَكَرْنَا مِنْ إِبَاحَةِ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا النِّسَاءَ ، إِذْ رُمِيَتِ الْجَمْرَةُ ، وَلَا يَذْكُرُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْحَلْقَ . وَفِيهِ أَنَّهُ رَأَى النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُضَمِّخُ رَأْسَهُ بِالْمِسْكِ ، وَلَمْ يُخْبِرْ بِالْوَقْتِ الَّذِي فَعَلَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ذَلِكَ . وَقَدْ يَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَبْلَ الْحَلْقِ ، وَيَجُوزُ أَنْ يَكُونَ بَعْدَهُ ، إِلَّا أَنَّ أَوْلَى الْأَشْيَاءِ بِنَا أَنْ نَحْمِلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَا يُوَافِقُ مَا قَدْ ذَكَرْنَاهُ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا لَا عَلَى مَا يُخَالِفُ ذَلِكَ . فَيَكُونُ مَا رَأَى النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَفْعَلُهُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ كَانَ بَعْدَ رَمْيِهِ الْجَمْرَةَ وَحَلْقِهِ ، عَلَى مَا فِي حَدِيثِ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا . ثُمَّ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا : يُعَدُّ بِرَأْيِهِ إِذَا رَمَى فَقَدْ حَلَّ لَهُ بِرَمْيِهِ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ ، حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَلْبَسَ وَيَتَطَيَّبَ . [2/230] وَهَذَا مَوْضِعٌ يَحْتَمِلُ النَّظَرَ ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ الْإِحْرَامَ يَمْنَعُ مِنْ حَلْقِ الرَّأْسِ وَاللِّبَاسِ وَالطِّيبِ ، فَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَ حَلْقُ الرَّأْسِ إِذَا حَلَّ حَلَّتْ هَذِهِ الْأَشْيَاءُ ، وَاحْتُمِلَ أَنْ لَا تَحِلَّ حَتَّى يَكُونَ الْحَلْقُ . فَاعْتَبَرْنَا ذَلِكَ ، فَرَأَيْنَا الْمُعْتَمِرَ ، يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ بِإِحْرَامِهِ فِي عُمْرَتِهِ ، مَا يَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ بِإِحْرَامِهِ فِي حَجَّتِهِ . ثُمَّ إِذَا رَأَيْنَاهُ إِذَا طَافَ بِالْبَيْتِ وَسَعَى بَيْنَ الصَّفَا وَالْمَرْوَةِ ، فَقَدْ حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَهُ النِّسَاءُ ، وَلَا الطِّيبُ ، وَلَا اللَّبَائِسُ حَتَّى يَحْلِقَ . فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ حُرْمَةُ الْعُمْرَةِ قَائِمَةً حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ ، وَلَا يَكُونُ إِذَا حَلَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ فِي حُكْمِ مَنْ حَلَّ لَهُ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ مِنَ اللِّبَاسِ وَالطِّيبِ ، كَانَ كَذَلِكَ فِي الْحَجَّةِ ، لَا يُحَبُّ لِمَا حَلَّ لَهُ الْحَلْقُ فِيهَا أَنْ يَحِلَّ لَهُ شَيْءٌ مِمَّا سِوَاهُ ، مِمَّا كَانَ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا حَتَّى يَحْلِقَ ، قِيَاسًا وَنَظَرًا عَلَى مَا أَجْمَعُوا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْعُمْرَةِ . ثُمَّ رَجَعْنَا إِلَى النَّظَرِ بَيْنَ هَذَيْنِ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ جَمِيعًا وَبَيْنَ أَهْلِ الْمَقَالَةِ الْأُولَى الَّذِينَ ذَهَبُوا إِلَى حَدِيثِ عُكَّاشَةَ . فَرَأَيْنَا الرَّجُلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُحْرِمَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ النِّسَاءُ ، وَالطِّيبُ ، وَاللِّبَاسُ ، وَالصَّيْدُ ، وَالْحَلْقُ ، وَسَائِرُ الْأَشْيَاءِ الَّتِي تَحْرُمُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْإِحْرَامِ ، فَإِذَا أَحْرَمَ ، حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ بِسَبَبٍ وَاحِدٍ ، وَهُوَ الْإِحْرَامُ . فَاحْتَمَلَ أَنْ يَكُونَ كَمَا حَرُمَتْ عَلَيْهِ بِسَبَبٍ وَاحِدٍ أَنْ يَحِلَّ مِنْهَا أَيْضًا بِسَبَبٍ وَاحِدٍ ، وَاحْتُمِلَ أَنْ يَحِلَّ مِنْهَا بِأَشْيَاءَ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ ، إِحْلَالًا بَعْدَ إِحْلَالٍ . فَاعْتَبَرْنَا ذَلِكَ ، فَرَأَيْنَاهُمْ قَدْ أَجْمَعُوا أَنَّهُ إِذَا رَمَى ، فَقَدْ حَلَّ لَهُ الْحَلْقُ ، هَذَا مِمَّا لَا اخْتِلَافَ فِيهِ بَيْنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، وَأَجْمَعُوا أَنَّ الْجِمَاعَ حَرَامٌ عَلَيْهِ عَلَى حَالَتِهِ الْأُولَى ، فَثَبَتَ أَنَّهُ حَلَّ مِمَّا قَدْ كَانَ حَرُمَ عَلَيْهِ بِسَبَبٍ وَاحِدٍ بِأَسْبَابٍ مُخْتَلِفَةٍ . فَبَطَلَ بِهَذِهِ الْعِلَّةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَا . فَلَمَّا ثَبَتَ أَنَّ الْحَلْقَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ إِذَا رَمَى ، وَأَنَّهُ مُبَاحٌ لَهُ بَعْدَ حَلْقِ رَأْسِهِ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ مَا شَاءَ مِنْ شَعَرِ بَدَنِهِ ، وَيَقُصَّ أَظْفَارَهُ ، أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَنْظُرَ : هَلْ حُكْمُ اللِّبَاسِ حُكْمُ ذَلِكَ ، أَوْ حُكْمُهُ حُكْمُ الْجِمَاعِ ، فَلَا يَحِلُّ حَتَّى يَحِلَّ الْجِمَاعُ ؟ فَاعْتَبَرْنَا ذَلِكَ ، فَرَأَيْنَا الْمُحْرِمَ بِالْحَجِّ إِذَا جَامَعَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَقِفَ بِعَرَفَةَ ، فَسَدَ حَجُّهُ ، وَرَأَيْنَاهُ إِذَا حَلَقَ شَعَرَهُ أَوْ قَصَّ أَظْفَارَهُ ، وَجَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ فِدْيَةٌ ، وَلَمْ يَفْسُدْ بِذَلِكَ حَجُّهُ . وَرَأَيْنَا لَوْ لَبِسَ ثِيَابًا قَبْلَ وُقُوفِهِ بِعَرَفَةَ ، لَمْ يَفْسُدْ عَلَيْهِ بِذَلِكَ إِحْرَامُهُ ، وَوَجَبَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي ذَلِكَ فِدْيَةٌ . فَكَانَ حُكْمُ اللِّبَاسِ قَبْلَ عَرَفَةَ مِثْلَ حُكْمِ قَصِّ الشَّعَرِ وَالْأَظْفَارِ ، لَا مِثْلَ حُكْمِ الْجِمَاعِ . فَالنَّظَرُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ حُكْمُهُ أَيْضًا بَعْدَ الرَّمْيِ وَالْحَلْقِ كَحُكْمِهَا ، لَا كَحُكْمِ الْجِمَاعِ . فَهَذَا هُوَ النَّظَرُ فِي ذَلِكَ . [2/231] فَإِنْ قَالَ قَائِلٌ : فَقَدْ رَأَيْنَا الْقُبْلَةَ حَرَامًا عَلَى الْمُحْرِمِ ، بَعْدَ أَنْ يَحْلِقَ ، وَهِيَ قَبْلَ الْوُقُوفِ بِعَرَفَةَ ، فِي حُكْمِ اللِّبَاسِ ، لَا فِي حُكْمِ الْجِمَاعِ ، فَلِمَ لَا كَانَ اللِّبَاسُ بَعْدَ الْحَلْقِ أَيْضًا كَهِيَ ؟ قِيلَ لَهُ : إِنَّ اللِّبَاسَ بِالْحَلْقِ أَشْبَهُ مِنْهُ بِالْقُبْلَةِ ؛ لِأَنَّ الْقُبْلَةَ هِيَ بَعْضُ أَسْبَابِ الْجِمَاعِ ، وَحُكْمُهَا حُكْمُهُ ، تَحِلُّ حَيْثُ يَحِلُّ ، وَتَحْرُمُ حَيْثُ يَحْرُمُ ، فِي النَّظَرِ فِي الْأَشْيَاءِ كُلِّهَا . وَالْحَلْقُ وَاللِّبَاسُ لَيْسَا مِنْ أَسْبَابِ الْجِمَاعِ ، إِنَّمَا هُمَا مِنْ أَسْبَابِ إِصْلَاحِ الْبَدَنِ ، فَحُكْمُ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِحُكْمِ صَاحِبِهِ أَشْبَهُ مِنْ حُكْمِهِ بِالْقُبْلَةِ . فَقَدْ ثَبَتَ بِمَا ذَكَرْنَا أَنَّهُ لَا بَأْسَ بِاللِّبَاسِ بَعْدَ الرَّمْيِ وَالْحَلْقِ . وَقَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَعْدَهُ .
EnglishUnverified translation
4038 - Abu Bakrah narrated to us, he said: Mu'ammal narrated to us. (Hah) 4039 - And Ibn Marzuq narrated to us, he said: Abu Asim narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Salamah ibn Kuhayl, from al-Hasan al-Urani, from Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, he said: When you have stoned the Jamrah, then everything except women has become lawful for you. A man said to him: And perfume? He said: As for me, I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) anointing his head with musk; so is that perfume? So in this hadith from the statement of Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, is what we mentioned of the permissibility of everything except women when the Jamrah has been stoned, and he does not mention shaving in that. And in it is that he saw the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) anointing his head with musk, and he did not report the time in which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did that. And it is possible that was from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) before shaving, and possible after it, except that the worthiest thing for us is to carry that upon what agrees with what we mentioned from Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her, not upon what contradicts it. So what he saw the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) doing of that was after his stoning the Jamrah and his shaving, according to what is in the hadith of Aishah, may Allah be pleased with her. Then Ibn Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, said, exercising his opinion: when he has stoned, then by his stoning shaving has become lawful for him, and wearing clothes and perfuming has become lawful for him. And this is a point open to examination, and that is that ihram prohibits shaving the head, clothes, and perfume, so it is possible that when shaving the head becomes lawful these things become lawful, and possible they do not become lawful until the shaving takes place. So we considered that, and we saw the umrah performer, whom his ihram in his umrah prohibits what his ihram in his hajj prohibits. Then when we see him, when he has circumambulated the House and run between al-Safa and al-Marwah, it has become lawful for him to shave, but women, perfume, and clothes do not become lawful for him until he shaves. So since the sanctity of the umrah stands while it has become lawful for him to shave, and his becoming lawful to shave is not in the ruling of one for whom what is besides that of clothes and perfume has become lawful, so likewise in hajj, what has become lawful for him of shaving in it does not make lawful for him anything besides it of what was prohibited to him by it until he shaves, by analogy and examination upon what they agreed upon in umrah. Then we returned to the examination between these two groups altogether and the people of the first view who went to the hadith of Ukashah. And we saw the man before he enters ihram, for whom women, perfume, clothes, hunting, shaving, and the rest of the things prohibited to him by ihram are lawful, then when he enters ihram, all of that becomes prohibited to him by one cause, which is ihram. So it was possible that just as they became prohibited to him by one cause, he also becomes released from them by one cause, and possible he becomes released from them by different things, one release after another. So we considered that, and we saw them agree that when he has stoned, shaving has become lawful for him; this is of what there is no disagreement among the Muslims, and they agreed that intercourse is prohibited to him in its first state, so it is established that he becomes released from what was prohibited to him by one cause by different causes. So by this reason which we mentioned the objection falls. So when it is established that shaving becomes lawful for him when he has stoned, and that it is permissible for him after shaving his head to shave what he wishes of the hair of his body and to clip his nails, we wanted to examine: is the ruling of clothes the ruling of that, or is its ruling the ruling of intercourse, so it does not become lawful until intercourse becomes lawful? So we considered that, and we saw the one in ihram for hajj, if he has intercourse before standing at Arafah, his hajj is spoiled, and we saw him, if he shaves his hair or clips his nails, a ransom becomes due upon him for that, but his hajj is not spoiled by that. And we saw that if he wears clothes before standing at Arafah, his ihram is not spoiled upon him by that, and a ransom becomes due upon him for that. So the ruling of clothes before Arafah was like the ruling of cutting hair and nails, not like the ruling of intercourse. So the examination upon that is that its ruling also after the stoning and shaving be like their ruling, not like the ruling of intercourse. So this is the examination in that. Then if a speaker says: but we saw kissing prohibited to the one in ihram after he shaves, while before standing at Arafah it is in the ruling of clothes, not in the ruling of intercourse, so why would clothes after shaving not also be like it? It is said to him: clothes resemble shaving more than kissing; because kissing is one of the causes of intercourse, and its ruling is its ruling, it becomes lawful where it becomes lawful and prohibited where it becomes prohibited, in examining all things. And shaving and clothes are not of the causes of intercourse, rather they are of the causes of grooming the body, so the ruling of each of them by the ruling of its companion is more resembling than its ruling by kissing. So it is established by what we mentioned that there is no harm in clothes after the stoning and shaving. And the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said that after him.
