577 - ( 4933 ) - أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو يَعْلَى وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ ، قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ الطَّحَّانُ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ ، عَنْ صَالِحِ بْنِ كَيْسَانَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ الْوَاسِطِيِّ ، حَدَّثَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ، وَسَعِيدُ بْنُ الْمُسَيِّبِ ، وَعَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ وَقَّاصٍ ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ ، [8/340] عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ، أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حِينَ قَالَ فِيهَا أَهْلُ الْإِفْكِ مَا قَالُوا ، فَبَرَّأَهَا اللهُ ، وَكُلُّهُمْ حَدَّثَنِي طَائِفَةً مِنْ حَدِيثِهَا ، وَبَعْضُهُمْ كَانَ أَوْعَى لِحَدِيثِهَا مِنْ بَعْضٍ ، وَأَثْبَتَ لَهُ اقْتِصَاصًا ، وَقَدْ وَعَيْتُ عَنْ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمُ الْحَدِيثَ الَّذِي حَدَّثَنِي عَنْ عَائِشَةَ . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ سَفَرًا أَقْرَعَ بَيْنَ أَزْوَاجِهِ ، فَأَيَّتُهُنَّ خَرَجَ سَهْمُهَا أَخْرَجَهَا مَعَهُ . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : فَأَقْرَعَ بَيْنَنَا فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا ، فَخَرَجَ فِيهَا سَهْمِي ، فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَعْدَمَا أُنْزِلَ الْحِجَابُ ، فَكُنْتُ أُحْمَلُ فِي هَوْدَجٍ وَأُنْزَلُ فِيهِ ، فَسِرْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ غَزْوَتِهِ تِلْكَ ، وَقَفَلَ وَدَنَوْنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ قَافِلِينَ أَذِنَ لَنَا بِالرَّحِيلِ ، فَقُمْتُ حِينَ أَذِنَ بِالرَّحِيلِ فَمَشَيْتُ حَتَّى جَاوَزْتُ الْجَيْشَ ، فَلَمَّا قَضَيْتُ شَأْنِي ، أَقْبَلْتُ إِلَى رَحْلِي فَلَمَسْتُ صَدْرِي ، فَإِذَا عِقْدٌ لِي مِنْ جَزْعِ أَظْفَارٍ قَدِ انْقَطَعَ ، فَرَجَعْتُ فَالْتَمَسْتُ عِقْدِي فَحَبَسَنِي ابْتِغَاؤُهُ . قَالَتْ : وَأَقْبَلَ الرَّهْطُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَرْحَلُونَ لِي ، فَاحْتَمَلُوا هَوْدَجِي ، فَرَحَلُوهُ عَلَى بَعِيرِي الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرْكَبُ ، وَهُمْ يَحْسَبُونَ أَنِّي فِيهِ ، وَكَانَ النِّسَاءُ إِذْ ذَاكَ خِفَافًا لَمْ يَغْشَهُنَّ اللَّحْمُ ، وَإِنَّا نَأْكُلُ الْعُلْقَةَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ ، فَلَمْ يَسْتَنْكِرِ الْقَوْمُ خِفَّةَ الْهَوْدَجِ ، رَفَعُوهُ وَرَحَلُوهُ ، وَكُنْتُ جَارِيَةً حَدِيثَةَ السِّنِّ فَبَعَثُوا ، وَسَارُوا ، وَوَجَدْتُ عِقْدِي بَعْدَمَا اسْتَمَرَّ الْجَيْشُ ، فَجِئْتُ مَنَازِلَهُمْ وَلَيْسَ بِهَا دَاعٍ وَلَا مُجِيبٌ . [8/341] فَيَمَّمْتُ مَنْزِلِي الَّذِي كُنْتُ بِهِ ، وَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُمْ سَيَفْقِدُونَنِي فَيَرْجِعُونَ إِلَيَّ . فَبَيْنَا أَنَا جَالِسَةٌ فِي مَنْزِلِي غَلَبَتْنِي عَيْنِي ، فَنِمْتُ ، وَكَانَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ الْمُعَطَّلِ السُّلَمِيُّ ثُمَّ الذَّكْوَانِيُّ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْجَيْشِ ، فَأَدْلَجَ ، فَأَصْبَحَ عِنْدَ مَنْزِلِي ، فَرَأَى سَوَادَ إِنْسَانٍ نَائِمٍ ، فَعَرَفَنِي حِينَ رَآنِي ، وَكَانَ يَرَانِي قَبْلَ الْحِجَابِ ، فَاسْتَيْقَظْتُ بِاسْتِرْجَاعِهِ حِينَ عَرَفَنِي ، فَخَمَّرْتُ وَجْهِي بِجِلْبَابِي ، وَاللهِ مَا تَكَلَّمْتُ بِكَلِمَةٍ ، وَلَا سَمِعْتُ مِنْهُ كَلِمَةً غَيْرَ اسْتِرْجَاعِهِ حِينَ أَنَاخَ رَاحِلَتَهُ ، فَوَطِئَ عَلَى يَدِهَا ، وَقُمْتُ فَرَكِبْتُهَا ، فَانْطَلَقَ يَقُودُ بِيَ الرَّاحِلَةَ ، حَتَّى أَتَيْنَا الْجَيْشَ وَهُمْ نُزُولٌ . قَالَتْ : فَهَلَكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ ، وَكَانَ الَّذِي تَوَلَّى كِبْرَهُ مِنْهُمُ الْأَوَّلَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ . قَالَ عُرْوَةُ : أُخْبِرْتُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُشَاعُ وَيُحَدَّثُ بِهِ عِنْدَهُ ، فَيُقِرُّهُ وَيُشِيعُهُ وَيَسْتَوْشِيهِ . قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ : يَعْنِي يَسْتَوْشِيهِ . قَالَ عُرْوَةُ : إِنَّمَا لَمْ يُسَمَّ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِفْكِ إِلَّا مِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ ، وَحَمْنَةُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ ، فِي أُنَاسٍ آخَرِينَ لَا عِلْمَ لِي بِهِمْ ، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ عُصْبَةٌ ، كَمَا قَالَ اللهُ ، وَإِنَّ كِبْرَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ يُقَالُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ . قَالَ عُرْوَةُ : كَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ تَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُسَبَّ عِنْدَهَا حَسَّانُ بْنُ [8/342] ثَابِتٍ ، وَتَقُولُ : إِنَّهُ الَّذِي قَالَ : وَعِرْضِي قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : فَقَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَاشْتَكَيْتُ حِينَ قَدِمْتُ شَهْرًا ، وَالنَّاسُ يُفِيضُونَ فِي قَوْلِ أَصْحَابِ الْإِفْكِ ، لَا أَشْعُرُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، وَهُوَ يَرِيبُنِي فِي وَجَعِي أَنِّي لَا أَعْرِفُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - اللُّطْفَ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَرَى حِينَ أَشْتَكِي ، إِنَّمَا يَدْخُلُ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَيَقُولُ : كَيْفَ تِيكُمْ ؟ وَيَنْصَرِفُ ، فَذَلِكَ الَّذِي يَرِيبُنِي ، وَلَا أَشْعُرُ حَتَّى خَرَجْتُ بَعْدَمَا نَقِهْتُ ، فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَ أُمِّ مِسْطَحٍ قِبَلَ الْمَنَاصِعِ ، وَكَانَ مُتَبَرَّزَنَا ، أَمْرُنَا أَمْرُ الْعَرَبِ الْأُوَلِ فِي التَّنْزِيهِ ، قَبْلَ الْغَائِطِ كُنَّا نَتَأَذَّى بِالْكُنُفِ أَنْ نَتَّخِذَهَا عِنْدَ بُيُوتِنَا . قَالَتْ : فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا ، وَأُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ وَهِيَ بِنْتُ أَبِي رُهْمِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ وَأُمُّهَا بِنْتُ صَخْرِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ خَالَةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ ، وَابْنُهَا مِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، فَأَقْبَلْتُ أَنَا ، وَأُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ قِبَلَ بَيْتِي حِينَ فَرَغْنَا مِنْ شَأْنِنَا ، فَعَثَرَتْ أُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ فِي مِرْطِهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ . فَقُلْتُ لَهَا : بِئْسَ مَا قُلْتِ أَتَسُبِّينَ رَجُلًا شَهِدَ بَدْرًا ؟ قَالَتْ : أَيْ هَنْتَاهُ أَوَلَمْ تَسْمَعِي مَا قَالَ ؟ قُلْتُ : وَمَا قَالَ ؟ [8/343] فَأَخْبَرَتْنِي بِقَوْلِ أَهْلِ الْإِفْكِ . قَالَتْ : فَازْدَدْتُ مَرَضًا عَلَى مَرَضِي ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعْتُ إِلَى بَيْتِي ، دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَقَالَ : كَيْفَ تِيكُمْ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : ائْذَنْ لِي آتِ أَبَوَيَّ ، قَالَتْ : وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْتَيْقِنَ الْخَبَرَ مِنْ قِبَلِهِمَا ، فَأَذِنَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَأَتَيْتُهُمَا ، فَقُلْتُ لِأُمِّي : يَا أُمَّتَاهُ ، مَاذَا يَتَحَدَّثُ النَّاسُ ؟ قَالَتْ : هَوِّنِي عَلَيْكِ ، فَوَاللهِ ، لَقَلَّمَا كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ قَطُّ وَضِيئَةٌ عِنْدَ زَوْجِهَا يُحِبُّهَا ، لَهَا ضَرَائِرُ ، إِلَّا أَكْثَرْنَ عَلَيْهَا . قَالَتْ : فَقُلْتُ : سُبْحَانَ اللهِ أَوَلَقَدْ تَحَدَّثَ النَّاسُ بِهَذَا ؟ قَالَتْ : فَبَكَيْتُ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ حَتَّى أَصْبَحْتُ لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ ، وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ . قَالَتْ : ثُمَّ أَصْبَحْتُ أَبْكِي ، قَالَتْ : وَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ، وَأُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ ، يَسْتَشِيرُهُمَا فِي فِرَاقِ أَهْلِهِ . قَالَتْ : فَأَمَّا أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، فَأَشَارَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بِالَّذِي يَعْلَمُ مِنْ بَرَاءَةِ أَهْلِهِ ، وَبِالَّذِي يَعْلَمُ لَهُمْ فِي نَفْسِهِ ، فَقَالَ أُسَامَةُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، أَهْلَكَ وَلَا نَعْلَمُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا . وَأَمَّا عَلِيٌّ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، لَمْ يُضَيِّقِ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ النِّسَاءَ ، وَالنِّسَاءُ سِوَاهَا كَثِيرٌ ، وَسَلِ الْجَارِيَةَ تَصْدُقْكَ . قَالَتْ : فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - بَرِيرَةَ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْ بَرِيرَةُ ، هَلْ [8/344] رَأَيْتِ شَيْئًا يُرِيبُكِ ؟ قَالَتْ لَهُ بَرِيرَةُ : وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ ، مَا رَأَيْتُ عَلَيْهَا أَمْرًا قَطُّ أَغْمِصُهُ ، أَكْثَرَ مِنْ أَنَّهَا جَارِيَةٌ حَدِيثَةُ السِّنِّ ، تَنَامُ عَنْ عَجِينِ أَهْلِهَا ، فَتَأْتِي الدَّاجِنُ ، فَتَأْكُلُهُ ، فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ، فَاسْتَعْذَرَ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ ، وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، مَنْ يَعْذِرُنِي مِنْ رَجُلٍ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي أَذَاهُ فِي أَهْلِي ، وَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، وَلَقَدْ ذَكَرُوا رَجُلًا مَا عَلِمْتُ مِنْهُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا ، وَمَا دَخَلَ عَلَى أَهْلِي إِلَّا مَعِي . فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ أَحَدُ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْأَشْهَلِ ، فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، أَنَا أَعْذِرُكَ مِنْهُ ، فَإِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْأَوْسِ ، ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ إِخْوَانِنَا مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ ، أَمَرْتَنَا فَفَعَلْنَا مَا أَمَرْتَنَا بِهِ . قَالَ : فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْخَزْرَجِ ، وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ حَسَّانَ بِنْتَ عَمِّهِ مِنْ فَخِذِهِ وَهُوَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ سَيِّدُ الْخَزْرَجِ ، وَكَانَ رَجُلًا صَالِحًا ، وَلَكِنِ احْتَمَلَتْهُ الْحَمِيَّةُ ، فَقَالَ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ : كَذَبْتَ ، لَعَمْرُ اللهِ لَا تَقْتُلُهُ ، وَلَا تَقْدِرُ عَلَى قَتْلِهِ ، وَلَوْ كَانَ مِنْ رَهْطِكَ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ تَقْتُلَهُ . فَقَامَ أُسَيْدُ بْنُ حُضَيْرٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ ، فَقَالَ لِسَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ : كَذَبْتَ لَعَمْرُ اللهِ ، لَنَقْتُلَنَّهُ ، فَإِنَّكَ مُنَافِقٌ تُجَادِلُ عَنِ الْمُنَافِقِينَ . قَالَتْ : فَثَارَ الْحَيَّانِ ؛ الْأَوْسُ وَالْخَزْرَجُ ، حَتَّى هَمُّوا أَنْ يَقْتَتِلُوا ، وَرَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - جَالِسٌ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ رَسُولُ [8/345] اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يُخَفِّضُهُمْ حَتَّى سَكَتُوا ، وَسَكَتَ . قَالَتْ : وَبَكَيْتُ يَوْمِي ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ ، وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ ، قَالَتْ : وَأَصْبَحَ أَبَوَايَ عِنْدِي ، بَكَيْتُ يَوْمِي وَلَيْلَتِي لَا يَرْقَأُ لِي دَمْعٌ ، وَلَا أَكْتَحِلُ بِنَوْمٍ ، قَالَتْ : حَتَّى أَظُنُّ أَنَّ الْبُكَاءَ فَالِقٌ كَبِدِي . قَالَتْ : فَبَيْنَمَا أَبَوَايَ جَالِسَانِ عِنْدِي وَأَنَا أَبْكِي ، اسْتَأْذَنَتْ عَلَيَّ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ ، فَأَذِنْتُ لَهَا ، فَجَلَسَتْ تَبْكِي مَعِي ، قَالَتْ : فَبَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ، إِذْ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَسَلَّمَ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ . قَالَتْ : وَلَمْ يَجْلِسْ عِنْدِي مُنْذُ قِيلَ لِي مَا قِيلَ قَبْلَهَا ، وَلَقَدْ لَبِثَ شَهْرًا لَا يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ فِي شَأْنِي شَيْءٌ . قَالَتْ : فَتَشَهَّدَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حِينَ جَلَسَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَمَّا بَعْدُ ، يَا عَائِشَةُ ، فَإِنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنِي عَنْكِ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَإِنْ كُنْتِ بَرِيئَةً فَسَيُبَرِّئُكِ اللهُ ، وَإِنْ كُنْتِ أَلْمَمْتِ بِذَنْبٍ فَاسْتَغْفِرِي اللهَ وَتُوبِي إِلَيْهِ ، فَإِنَّ الْعَبْدَ إِذَا اعْتَرَفَ ، وَتَابَ ، تَابَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ . قَالَتْ : فَلَمَّا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مَقَالَتَهُ ، قَلَصَ دَمْعِي حَتَّى مَا أُحِسُّ مِنْهُ قَطْرَةً ، فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي : أَجِبْ عَنِّي رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَا قَالَ ، فَقَالَ : وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . قَالَتْ : فَقُلْتُ لِأُمِّي : أَجِيبِي عَنِّي رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَا قَالَ ، فَقَالَتْ : وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا أَقُولُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - . [8/346] قَالَتْ : فَقُلْتُ وَأَنَا جَارِيَةٌ حَدِيثَةُ السِّنِّ لَا أَقْرَأُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ كَثِيرًا : إِنِّي وَاللهِ ، لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ ، وَلَقَدْ سَمِعْتُمْ ، حَتَّى اسْتَقَرَّ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ ، وَصَدَّقْتُمْ بِهِ ، فَإِنْ قُلْتُ لَكُمْ : إِنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ ، لَا تُصَدِّقُونَنِي بِذَلِكَ ، وَلَئِنِ اعْتَرَفْتُ بِأَمْرٍ ، وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ أَنِّي مِنْهُ بَرِيئَةٌ ، لَتُصَدِّقُنِّي ، وَاللهِ مَا أَجِدُ لِي وَلَا لَكُمْ مَثَلًا إِلَّا أَبَا يُوسُفَ ، حِينَ يَقُولُ : { فَصَبْرٌ جَمِيلٌ وَاللهُ الْمُسْتَعَانُ عَلَى مَا تَصِفُونَ } . قَالَتْ : فَتَحَوَّلْتُ ، فَاضْطَجَعْتُ عَلَى فِرَاشِي ، وَاللهُ يَعْلَمُ حِينَئِذٍ أَنِّي بَرِيئَةٌ ، وَاللهُ يُبَرِّئُنِي بِبَرَاءَتِي ، وَلَكِنْ وَاللهِ مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنَّ اللهَ يُنْزِلُ فِي شَأْنِي وَحْيًا ، لَشَأْنِي أَحْقَرُ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ أَنْ يَتَكَلَّمَ اللهُ فِيَّ بِأَمْرِ بَيَانٍ ، وَلَكِنْ كُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ يَرَى رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي النَّوْمِ رُؤْيَا يُبَرِّئُنِي اللهُ بِهَا . قَالَتْ : فَوَاللهِ مَا قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ ، وَلَا خَرَجَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَيْتِ ، حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَخَذَهُ مَا كَانَ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنَ الْبُرَحَاءِ ، حَتَّى إِنَّهُ لَيَتَحَدَّرُ مِنْهُ مِنَ الْعَرَقِ مِثْلُ الْجُمَانِ ، وَهُوَ فِي يَوْمٍ شَاتٍ مِنْ ثِقَلِ الْقُرْآنِ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَتْ : فَسُرِّيَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ يَضْحَكُ ، وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ كَلِمَةٍ تَكَلَّمَ بِهَا أَنْ قَالَ : يَا عَائِشَةُ أَمَّا اللهُ فَقَدْ بَرَّأَكِ . قَالَتْ : فَقَالَتْ أُمِّي : قُومِي إِلَيْهِ ، فَقُلْتُ : وَاللهِ لَا أَقُومُ إِلَيْهِ ، وَإِنِّي لَا أَحْمَدُ إِلَّا اللهَ ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ : { إِنَّ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوا بِالإِفْكِ عُصْبَةٌ مِنْكُمْ لا تَحْسَبُوهُ شَرًّا لَكُمْ } الْآيَاتِ . [8/347] فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ هَذَا فِي بَرَاءَتِي ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ، وَهُوَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى مِسْطَحِ بْنِ أُثَاثَةَ لِقَرَابَتِهِ ، وَفَقْرِهِ : وَاللهِ لَا أُنْفِقُ عَلَى مِسْطَحٍ شَيْئًا بَعْدَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِعَائِشَةَ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ : { وَلا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَى } إِلَى قَوْلِهِ : { وَاللهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ } ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : بَلَى وَاللهِ ، إِنِّي لَأُحِبُّ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لِي ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَى مِسْطَحٍ النَّفَقَةَ الَّتِي كَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ : وَاللهِ لَا أَنْزِعُهَا مِنْهُ أَبَدًا . قَالَتْ : وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - سَأَلَ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتَ جَحْشٍ عَنْ أَمْرِي ، فَقَالَ لِزَيْنَبَ : مَاذَا عَلِمْتِ أَوْ رَأَيْتِ ؟ قَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَحْمِي سَمْعِي وَبَصَرِي ، وَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ إِلَّا خَيْرًا . قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : وَهِيَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تُسَامِينِي مِنْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَعَصَمَهَا اللهُ بِالْوَرَعِ ، وَطَفِقَتْ أُخْتُهَا حَمْنَةُ تُحَارِبُ فَهَلَكَتْ فِيمَنْ هَلَكَ . قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ : فَهَذَا الَّذِي بَلَغَنِي مِنْ حَدِيثِ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّهْطِ . 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EnglishUnverified translation
Abu Yala and al-Hasan ibn Sufyan informed us, they said: Muhammad ibn Khalid ibn Abdullah al-Wasiti al-Tahhan narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn Saad narrated to us, from Salih ibn Kaysan, from Ibn Shihab al-Wasiti, Urwa ibn al-Zubayr, Saeed ibn al-Musayyib, Alqama ibn Waqqas, and Ubaydullah ibn Abdullah ibn Utba narrated to me, from Aisha, that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), when the people of the slander said about her what they said, Allah declared her innocent; and each narrated to me a portion of her hadith, and some were more retentive than others and more precise in narration, and I retained from each one the hadith he narrated from Aisha. Aisha said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) wanted to go on a journey, he would cast lots among his wives; whichever one's lot came out, he would take her out with him. Aisha said: So he cast lots among us in a campaign he undertook, and my lot came out therein, so I went out with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) after the veil had been revealed. I would be carried in a howdah and set down in it. We traveled until, when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had finished that campaign, turned back and drew near Medina returning, he permitted us to depart. I stood when he permitted departure and walked until I passed the army. When I had relieved myself, I came to my mount and felt my chest, and my necklace of onyx beads had broken. So I returned seeking my necklace, and seeking it detained me. The group who used to mount me came, carried my howdah and mounted it upon my camel on which I rode, thinking I was in it - for women at that time were light, not covered with flesh, and we ate only a morsel of food - so the people did not notice the lightness of the howdah; they lifted and mounted it, and I was a young girl, so they sent and marched. I found my necklace after the army had gone on, and came to their dwellings with neither caller nor answerer therein. So I headed for my place where I had been, thinking they would miss me and return to me. While I sat in my place, my eye overcame me and I slept. Safwan ibn al-Muattal al-Sulami then al-Dhakwani was behind the army; he traveled by night and reached my place in the morning, saw the black shape of a sleeping person, and recognized me when he saw me - he used to see me before the veil - and I awoke at his istirja when he recognized me. I covered my face with my jilbab. By Allah, I did not speak a word, nor did I hear from him a word other than his istirja when he made his camel kneel, trod upon its foreleg, and I rose and rode it. He set out leading the mount with me until we reached the army while they had halted. She said: Those who perished perished, and the foremost who took upon himself most of it was Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul. Urwa said: I was informed that it was rumored and spoken of in his presence, and he affirmed, spread, and broadcast it. Ibrahim said, meaning he broadcast it. Urwa said: None of the slanderers was named except Mistah ibn Uthatha and Hamna bint Jahsh, among other people I have no knowledge of, except that they were a band, as Allah said; and most of that was said to be from Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul. Urwa said: Aisha disliked Hassan ibn Thabit to be insulted in her presence, saying: He is the one who said: And my honor. Aisha said: I came to Medina and fell ill when I arrived for a month, while people spread the saying of the slanderers, and I sensed nothing of that. What troubled me in my pain was that I did not recognize from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) the kindness I used to see when I complained; the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would only enter upon me saying: How is she? and leave. That is what troubled me, and I did not sense until I went out after recovering. I went out with Umm Mistah toward al-Manasi, and it was our place of relieving ourselves; our affair was the affair of the early Arabs in seclusion, before stools - we were harmed by taking privies at our houses. She said: I set out with Umm Mistah, daughter of Abi Ruhm ibn al-Muttalib ibn Abd Manaf - her mother was daughter of Sakhr ibn Amir, maternal aunt of Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, and her son Mistah ibn Uthatha ibn Abbad ibn Abd al-Muttalib. I and Umm Mistah came toward my house when we had finished our affair, and Umm Mistah stumbled in her wrap and said: May Mistah perish. I said to her: What an evil thing you said; do you insult a man who witnessed Badr? She said: O dear, have you not heard what he said? I said: What did he say? So she informed me of the saying of the slanderers. She said: My sickness increased upon my sickness. When I returned to my house, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) entered upon me and said: How is she? I said: Permit me to go to my parents. She said: I wanted to verify the news from them, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) permitted me, and I came to them. I said to my mother: O mother, what are people saying? She said: Take it lightly upon yourself; by Allah, seldom is there a beautiful woman with a husband who loves her, having co-wives, except they multiply against her. She said: I said: Glory be to Allah, have people spoken of this? She said: I wept that night until morning with tears unceasing and no sleep. She said: Then I awoke weeping. She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) called Ali ibn Abi Talib and Usama ibn Zayd, consulting them about parting from his family. As for Usama ibn Zayd, he advised the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) with what he knew of his family's innocence and what he knew for them in himself. Usama ibn Zayd said: O Messenger of Allah, your wife, and we know only good. As for Ali, he said: O Messenger of Allah, Allah has not constrained you regarding women, and women besides her are many; ask the slave girl, she will tell you the truth. She said: So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) called Barira and said: O Barira, have you seen anything suspicious? Barira said to him: By He who sent you with the truth, I have never seen concerning her anything to criticize more than that she is a young girl who sleeps over her family's dough, so the household animal comes and eats it. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) rose that day and sought excuse from Abdullah ibn Ubayy ibn Salul while upon the minbar, saying: O community of Muslims, who will excuse me from a man whose harm concerning my family has reached me? By Allah, I have known only good about my family, and they mentioned a man of whom I knew only good, and he never entered upon my family except with me. Saad ibn Muadh, one of Banu Abd al-Ashhal, stood and said: O Messenger of Allah, I shall excuse you from him; if he is from Aws, I shall strike his neck, and if he is from our brothers of Khazraj, command us and we shall do what you command us. A man of Khazraj stood - the mother of Hassan was his paternal cousin of his clan, and he was Saad ibn Ubada, chief of Khazraj, a righteous man, but zeal carried him - and said to Saad ibn Muadh: You have lied; by Allah you shall not kill him, nor can you kill him; had he been from your kin, you would not have wished him killed. Usayd ibn Hudayr, cousin of Saad ibn Muadh, stood and said to Saad ibn Ubada: You have lied; by Allah, we shall kill him, for you are a hypocrite arguing on behalf of hypocrites. She said: The two tribes, Aws and Khazraj, flared up until they nearly fought, with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) sitting upon the minbar. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) kept calming them until they fell silent, and he fell silent. She said: I wept all that day with tears unceasing and no sleep. She said: My parents came to me in the morning; I wept my day and night with tears unceasing and no sleep. She said: Until I thought weeping would split my liver. She said: While my parents sat with me and I wept, a woman of the Ansar sought permission upon me, so I permitted her, and she sat weeping with me. She said: While we were so, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) entered, greeted, then sat. She said: He had not sat with me since what was said was said before, and a month had passed with nothing revealed to him concerning me. She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) testified when he sat, then said: To proceed, O Aisha, such and such has reached me about you; if you are innocent, Allah will declare you innocent, and if you have committed a sin, seek Allah's forgiveness and repent to Him, for when a servant confesses and repents, Allah forgives him. She said: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) finished his speech, my tears ceased until I felt not a drop. I said to my father: Answer the Messenger of Allah for me concerning what he said. He said: By Allah, I do not know what to say to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). She said: I said to my mother: Answer the Messenger of Allah for me concerning what he said. She said: By Allah, I do not know what to say to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). She said: I said, a young girl not reading much of the Quran: By Allah, I have known, and you have heard, until it settled in your souls and you believed it. If I say to you: I am innocent, you will not believe me in that; and if I confess something, and Allah knows I am innocent of it, you will believe me. By Allah, I find no example for me nor you except Abu Yusuf when he says: (Patience is beautiful, and Allah is the Helper against what you describe). She said: I turned and lay upon my bed, and Allah knows then that I am innocent, and Allah will declare me innocent through my innocence; but by Allah, I did not think Allah would send down revelation concerning me, for my affair was too insignificant in myself for Allah to speak concerning me with a declaration; but I hoped the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would see in sleep a vision by which Allah would declare me innocent. She said: By Allah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had not risen from his seat, nor had anyone of the household gone out, until Allah sent down upon him. He was seized by what used to seize him of heaviness, until sweat like pearls poured from him, on a winter day, from the weight of the Quran sent down upon him. She said: It was lifted from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while he laughed, and the first word he spoke was to say: O Aisha, as for Allah, He has declared you innocent. She said: My mother said: Stand to him. I said: By Allah, I shall not stand to him, and I praise none but Allah. And Allah revealed: (Those who brought the slander are a band among you; think it not evil for you) the verses. When Allah sent down this concerning my innocence, Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, who spent upon Mistah ibn Uthatha for his kinship and poverty, said: By Allah, I shall never spend upon Mistah anything after what he said about Aisha. So Allah revealed: (Let not the possessors of bounty among you and means swear not to give kinsfolk) to His saying: (And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful). Abu Bakr said: Yes, by Allah, I love that Allah forgive me. So he returned to Mistah the spending he used to spend upon him. He said: By Allah, I shall never withdraw it from him. She said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had asked Zaynab bint Jahsh about my affair, saying to Zaynab: What did you know or see? She said: O Messenger of Allah, I guard my hearing and sight; by Allah, I knew only good. Aisha said: She is the one who used to rival me among the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), yet Allah protected her through piety, while her sister Hamna fought and perished among those who perished. Ibn Shihab said: This is what reached me of the hadith of this group.
