25 - ( 164 ) - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ ، عَنْ سِمَاكٍ أَبِي زُمَيْلٍ الْحَنَفِيِّ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : [1/150] حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا اعْتَزَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نِسَاءَهُ ، قَالَ : دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا النَّاسُ يَنْكُتُونَ بِالْحَصَى ، وَيَقُولُونَ : طَلَّقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نِسَاءَهُ ، وَذَلِكَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْمَرَ بِالْحِجَابِ ، قَالَ عُمَرُ : فَقُلْتُ : لَأَعْلَمَنَّ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ ، قَالَ : فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا بِنْتَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أَقَدْ بَلَغَ مِنْ شَأْنِكِ أَنْ تُؤْذِي رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ؟ قَالَتْ : مَا لِي وَلَكَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؟ عَلَيْكَ بِعَيْبَتِكَ ، قَالَ : فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ ابْنَةِ عُمَرَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا حَفْصَةُ ، أَقَدْ بَلَغَ مِنْ شَأْنِكِ أَنْ تُؤْذِي رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَاللهِ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَا يُحِبُّكِ ، وَلَوْلَا أَنَا لَطَلَّقَكِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : فَبَكَتْ أَشَدَّ الْبُكَاءِ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهَا : أَيْنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ؟ قَالَتْ : هُوَ فِي خِزَانَتِهِ فِي الْمَشْرُبَةِ ، فَدَخَلْتُ ، فَإِذَا أَنَا بِرَبَاحٍ غُلَامِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَاعِدًا عَلَى أُسْكُفَّةِ الْمَشْرُبَةِ ، مُدَلٍّ رِجْلَيْهِ عَلَى نَقِيرٍ مِنْ خَشَبٍ ، وَهُوَ جِذْعٌ يَرْقَى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَيَنْحَدِرُ ، فَنَادَيْتُهُ ، [1/151] فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَبَاحُ ، اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَنَظَرَ رَبَاحٌ إِلَى الْغُرْفَةِ ، ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَبَاحُ ، اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَنَظَرَ رَبَاحٌ إِلَى الْغُرْفَةِ ، ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَبَاحُ ، اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْغُرْفَةِ ، ثُمَّ نَظَرَ إِلَيَّ فَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا ، ثُمَّ رَفَعْتُ صَوْتِي ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَبَاحُ ، اسْتَأْذِنْ لِي عِنْدَكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ، فَإِنِّي أَظُنُّ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ظَنَّ أَنِّي جِئْتُ مِنْ أَجْلِ حَفْصَةَ ، وَاللهِ لَئِنْ أَمَرَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِضَرْبِ عُنُقِهَا لَأَضْرِبَنَّ عُنُقَهَا ، وَرَفَعْتُ صَوْتِي ، فَأَوْمَأَ إِلَيَّ أَنِ ائْذَنْهُ ، فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ مُضْطَجِعٌ عَلَى حَصِيرٍ ، فَجَلَسْتُ ، فَإِذَا عَلَيْهِ إِزَارُهُ وَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرُهُ ، فَإِذَا الْحَصِيرُ قَدْ أَثَّرَ فِي جَنْبِهِ ، فَنَظَرْتُ بِبَصَرِي فِي خِزَانَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِقَبْضَةٍ مِنْ شَعِيرٍ نَحْوِ الصَّاعِ ، وَمِثْلِهَا قَرَظًا فِي نَاحِيَةِ الْغُرْفَةِ ، وَإِذَا أَفِيقٌ مُعَلَّقٌ ، قَالَ : فَابْتَدَرَتْ عَيْنَايَ ، قَالَ : مَا يُبْكِيكَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ ، وَمَا لِي لَا أَبْكِي وَهَذَا الْحَصِيرُ قَدْ أَثَّرَ فِي جَنْبِكَ ، وَهَذِهِ خِزَانَتُكَ لَا أَرَى فِيهَا إِلَّا مَا أَرَى ؟ وَذَاكَ قَيْصَرُ وَكِسْرَى فِي الثِّمَارِ وَالْأَنْهَارِ وَأَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَصَفْوَتُهُ ، وَهَذِهِ خِزَانَتُكَ ؟ قَالَ : يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، أَلَا تَرْضَى أَنْ تَكُونَ لَنَا الْآخِرَةُ وَلَهُمُ الدُّنْيَا ؟ قُلْتُ : بَلَى ، قَالَ : وَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ حِينَ دَخَلْتُ ، [1/152] وَأَنَا أَرَى فِي وَجْهِهِ الْغَضَبَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا يَشُقُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ شَأْنِ النِّسَاءِ ؟ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ طَلَّقْتَهُنَّ فَإِنَّ اللهَ مَعَكَ وَمَلَائِكَتَهُ ، وَجِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ ، وَأَنَا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَالْمُؤْمِنُونَ مَعَكَ ، وَقَلَّمَا تَكَلَّمْتُ - وَأَحْمَدُ اللهَ - بِكَلَامٍ إِلَّا رَجَوْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ اللهُ يُصَدِّقُ قَوْلِي الَّذِي أَقُولُ ، قَالَ : وَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ ، آيَةُ التَّخْيِيرِ : { عَسَى رَبُّهُ إِنْ طَلَّقَكُنَّ أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُ أَزْوَاجًا خَيْرًا مِنْكُنَّ } { وَإِنْ تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ فَإِنَّ اللهَ هُوَ مَوْلاهُ وَجِبْرِيلُ وَصَالِحُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمَلائِكَةُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ظَهِيرٌ } ، وَكَانَتْ عَائِشَةُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَحَفْصَةُ تَظَاهَرَانِ عَلَى سَائِرِ نِسَاءِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، أَطَلَّقْتَهُنَّ ؟ قَالَ : لَا ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنِّي دَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ يَنْكُتُونَ بِالْحَصَاةِ ، وَيَقُولُونَ : طَلَّقَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نِسَاءَهُ ، فَانْزِلْ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّكَ لَمْ تُطَلِّقْهُنَّ ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، إِنْ شِئْتَ ، فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أُحَدِّثُهُ حَتَّى تَحَسَّرَ الْغَضَبُ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ وَحَتَّى كَشَرَ فَضَحِكَ ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَحْسَنِ النَّاسِ ثَغْرًا ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَنَزَلْتُ أَتَشَبَّثُ بِالْجِذْعِ ، وَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَأَنَّمَا يَمْشِي عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مَا يَمَسُّهُ بِيَدِهِ ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنَّمَا كُنْتَ فِي الْغُرْفَةِ تِسْعَةً وَعِشْرِينَ يَوْمًا ؟ قَالَ : إِنَّ الشَّهْرَ يَكُونُ تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ ، فَقُمْتُ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ ، فَنَادَيْتُ بِأَعْلَى صَوْتِي : لَمْ يُطَلِّقْ نِسَاءَهُ ، قَالَ : [1/153] وَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ : { وَإِذَا جَاءَهُمْ أَمْرٌ مِنَ الأَمْنِ أَوِ الْخَوْفِ أَذَاعُوا بِهِ وَلَوْ رَدُّوهُ إِلَى الرَّسُولِ وَإِلَى أُولِي الأَمْرِ مِنْهُمْ لَعَلِمَهُ الَّذِينَ يَسْتَنْبِطُونَهُ مِنْهُمْ } ، فَكُنْتُ أَنَا الَّذِي اسْتَنْبَطْتُ ذَاكَ الْأَمْرَ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ آيَةَ التَّخْيِيرِ . 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EnglishUnverified translation
Abu Khaythama narrated to us, Uthman b. Umar narrated to us, Ikrimah b. Ammar narrated to us, from Simak Abu Zummayl al-Hanafi, he said: Abd Allah b. Abbas narrated to me, he said: Umar b. al-Khattab narrated to me, he said: When the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) secluded himself from his wives, he said: I entered the mosque and the people were striking the pebbles, saying: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has divorced his wives, and that was before veiling was enjoined, Umar said: So I said: I will surely find out that day, he said: So I entered upon A'ishah and said: O daughter of Abu Bakr, has your affair reached that you harm the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)? She said: What have I to do with you, O son of al-Khattab? Mind your own household, he said: So I entered upon Hafsah daughter of Umar and said: O Hafsah, has your affair reached that you harm the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him)? By Allah, I knew that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) does not love you, and were it not for me, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) would have divorced you, he said: So she wept most intensely, and I said to her: Where is the Messenger of Allah? She said: He is in his storeroom in the loft, so I entered, and there I was with Rabah, the servant of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), sitting on the threshold of the loft, dangling his feet upon a hollowed piece of wood, which is a trunk upon which the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) climbed up and down, so I called him and said: O Rabah, ask permission for me with you for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so Rabah looked at the room, then looked at me and said nothing, so I said: O Rabah, ask permission for me with you for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so Rabah looked at the room, then looked at me and said nothing, so I said: O Rabah, ask permission for me with you for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so he looked at the room, then looked at me and said nothing, then I raised my voice and said: O Rabah, ask permission for me with you for the Messenger of Allah, for I think the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) thinks I came because of Hafsah; by Allah, if the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) orders me to strike her neck, I will strike her neck, and I raised my voice, so he gestured to me to give him permission, so I entered upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while he was reclining upon a mat, so I sat, and there was upon him his waist-wrap and nothing else upon him, and the mat had left marks on his side, so I looked with my sight in the storeroom of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and there I was with a handful of barley, about a sa', and the like of qaraẓ leaves in a corner of the room, and a skin hung up, he said: So my eyes hastened to tears, he said: What makes you weep, O son of al-Khattab? So I said: O Prophet of Allah, what is with me that I should not weep when this mat has left marks on your side, and this your storeroom in which I see nothing but what I see? While Caesar and Chosroes are amidst fruits and rivers, and you are the Messenger of Allah and His chosen one, and this is your storeroom? He said: O son of al-Khattab, are you not pleased that the Hereafter be ours and this world be theirs? I said: Yes, he said: And I entered upon him when I entered, and I saw anger in his face, so I said: O Messenger of Allah, what distresses you of the affair of women? If you have divorced them, then Allah is with you, and His angels, and Jibril and Mikail, and I and Abu Bakr and the believers are with you, and seldom did I speak — and I praise Allah — a word except I hoped Allah would affirm the word I say, he said: And this verse was revealed, the verse of giving choice: Perhaps his Lord, if he divorces you, will replace for him wives better than you, and: If you two support one another against him, then Allah is his Protector, and Jibril, and the righteous believers, and the angels after that are supporters, and A'ishah daughter of Abu Bakr and Hafsah used to league together against the rest of the wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), so I said: O Messenger of Allah, have you divorced them? He said: No, so I said: O Messenger of Allah, I entered the mosque and the Muslims were striking the pebbles, saying: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has divorced his wives, so go down and inform them that you have not divorced them, he said: Yes, if you wish, so I kept speaking to him until the anger cleared from his face and until he grinned and laughed, and he was of the most beautiful of people in front teeth, then the Prophet of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came down, and I came down clinging to the trunk, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came down as though walking upon the ground without touching it with his hand, so I said to him: O Messenger of Allah, you were in the room twenty-nine days? He said: A month may be twenty-nine days, so I stood at the door of the mosque and called out at the top of my voice: He has not divorced his wives, he said: And this verse was revealed: And when there comes to them a matter of security or fear, they spread it, but if they had referred it to the Messenger and to those in authority among them, those who derive it among them would have known it, so I was the one who derived that matter, and Allah revealed the verse of giving choice.
