3427 - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ ، نَا خَلَفُ بْنُ مُوسَى بْنِ خَلَفٍ ، ثَنَا [3/286] أَبِي ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ سَلَّامٍ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ مَمْطُورٍ ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَمَرَ يَحْيَى بْنَ زَكَرِيَّا بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ يَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ ، وَيَأْمُرَ بِهِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ ، فَكَادَ أَنْ يُبْطِئَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عِيسَى : إِنَّكَ قَدْ أُمِرْتَ بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَتَأْمُرَ بِهِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَنْ يَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ ، فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَأْمُرَهُمْ ، وَإِمَّا أَنْ آمُرَهُمْ . فَقَالَ : لَا تَفْعَلْ يَا أَخِي ، فَإِنِّي أَخْشَى إِنْ سَبَقْتَنِي إِلَيْهِمْ أَنْ أُعَذَّبَ أَوْ يُخْسَفَ بِي . فَجَمَعَ النَّاسَ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ حَتَّى امْتَلَأَ ، وَقُعِدَ عَلَى الشُّرَفِ ، فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ وَعَظَهُمْ فَقَالَ : إِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ أَمَرَنِي بِخَمْسِ كَلِمَاتٍ وَأَنْ أَعْمَلَ بِهِنَّ وَأَنْ آمُرَكُمْ أَنْ تَعْمَلُوا بِهِنَّ . أَوَّلُهُنَّ : أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا ، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ اشْتَرَى عَبْدًا مِنْ خَالِصِ مَالِهِ بِذَهَبٍ أَوْ وَرِقٍ ، فَقَالَ : هَذِهِ دَارِي وَهَذَا عَمَلِي فَاعْمَلْ وَأَدِّ إِلَيَّ عَمَلَكَ ، فَجَعَلَ يَعْمَلُ وَيُؤَدِّي عَمَلَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِ سَيِّدِهِ ، فَأَيُّكُمْ يَسُرُّهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ عَبْدُهُ كَذَلِكَ يَعْمَلُ وَيُؤَدِّي عَمَلَهُ إِلَى غَيْرِهِ ؟ وَإِنَّ اللهَ خَلَقَكُمْ وَرَزَقَكُمْ فَاعْبُدُوهُ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا . وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِالصَّلَاةِ ، فَإِذَا صَلَّيْتُمْ فَلَا تَلْتَفِتُوا ، فَإِنَّ اللهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَنْصِبُ وَجْهَهُ لِوَجْهِ عَبْدِهِ مَا لَمْ يَلْتَفِتْ . وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِالصِّيَامِ ، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ مَعَهُ عِصَابَةٌ فِيهَا صُرَّةٌ مِنْ مِسْكٍ ، فَكُلُّهُمْ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَجِدَ رِيحَهَا ، وَإِنَّ فَمَ الصَّائِمِ أَطْيَبُ عِنْدَ اللهِ مِنْ رِيحِ الْمِسْكِ . وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِالصَّدَقَةِ ، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذَلِكَ كَمَثَلِ مَنْ أَسَرَهُ الْعَدُوُّ فَشَدُّوا يَدَهُ إِلَى عُنُقِهِ وَقَرَّبُوهُ لِيَضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ ، فَقَالَ : أَنَا أَفْتَدِي نَفْسِي مِنْكُمْ ، فَجَعَلَ يُعْطِي الْقَلِيلَ وَالْكَثِيرَ حَتَّى افْتَكَّ نَفْسَهُ مِنْهُمْ . وَأَمَرَكُمْ بِذِكْرِ اللهِ كَثِيرًا ، وَإِنَّ مَثَلَ ذِكْرِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ كَمَثَلِ رَجُلٍ طَلَبَهُ الْعَدُوُّ سِرَاعًا فِي أَثَرِهِ ، فَأَتَى حِصْنًا حَصِينًا ، فَأَحْرَزَ نَفْسَهُ فِيهِ ، وَإِنَّ أَحْصَنَ [3/287] مَا يَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ إِذَا كَانَ فِي ذِكْرِ اللهِ تَعَالَى " . قَالَ : وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ : " وَأَنَا آمُرُكُمْ بِخَمْسٍ اللهُ أَمَرَنِي بِهِنَّ : الْجَمَاعَةِ وَالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ وَالْهِجْرَةِ وَالْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ، فَمَنْ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ قِيدَ شِبْرٍ فَقَدْ خَلَعَ رِبْقَةَ الْإِسْلَامِ مِنْ عُنُقِهِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَرْجِعَ ، وَمَنْ دَعَا دَعْوَى الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهُوَ مِنْ جُثَاءِ جَهَنَّمَ " . قَالَ رَجُلٌ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى ؟ قَالَ : " وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى .
EnglishUnverified translation
3427 - Ali ibn Abd al-Aziz narrated to us, Khalaf ibn Musa ibn Khalaf narrated to us, my father narrated to us, from Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, from Zayd ibn Sallam, from his grandfather Mamtur, from al-Harith al-Ash'ari, who said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Allah, mighty and majestic, commanded Yahya ibn Zakariya with five words to act upon them, and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them, and he was about to delay, so Isa said to him: You have been commanded with five words to act upon them and to command the Children of Israel to act upon them, so either you command them, or I shall command them. So he said: Do not do, O my brother, for I fear if you precede me to them that I be punished or swallowed. So he gathered the people in Bayt al-Maqdis until it was full, and they sat upon the balconies, so he praised Allah and extolled Him, then admonished them and said: Allah, mighty and majestic, commanded me with five words, to act upon them and to command you to act upon them. The first of them: That you worship Allah and associate nothing with Him, and the like of that is like a man who bought a slave from his pure wealth with gold or silver, and said: This is my house and this is my work, so work and render your work to me, but he worked and rendered his work to other than his master, so which of you would be pleased that his slave be thus, working and rendering his work to other than him? And Allah created you and provided for you, so worship Him and associate nothing with Him. And He commanded you with prayer, so when you pray, do not turn away, for Allah, mighty and majestic, sets His face toward the face of His servant so long as he does not turn away. And He commanded you with fasting, and the like of that is like a man with a group having a bundle of musk, all of them love to find its scent, and the mouth of the fasting person is more fragrant to Allah than the scent of musk. And He commanded you with charity, and the like of that is like one whom the enemy captured, tying his hand to his neck and bringing him near to strike his neck, so he said: I shall ransom myself from you, and kept giving little and much until he freed himself from them. And He commanded you with much remembrance of Allah, and the like of the remembrance of Allah, mighty and majestic, is like a man whom the enemy sought swiftly in his tracks, so he came to a fortified fortress and secured himself in it, and the most secure the servant is from Satan is when he is in the remembrance of Allah, exalted. He said: And the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said thereupon: And I command you with five, Allah commanded me with them: the community, hearing, obedience, emigration, and striving in the path of Allah; so whoever separates from the community a handspan has cast off the yoke of Islam from his neck unless he returns, and whoever calls with the call of ignorance is of the scum of Hell. A man said: O Messenger of Allah, even if he fasts and prays? He said: Even if he fasts and prays.