حَدِيثُ تَزْوِيجِ فَاطِمَةَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهَا وَمَا أَبَانَ اللهُ فِيهِ مِنْ دِلَالَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ 55 - حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الصَّنْعَانِيُّ الدَّبَرِيُّ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّزَّاقِ ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ الْعَلَاءِ الْبَجَلِيِّ ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ خَالِدٍ ، عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ بْنِ سَبْرَةَ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ بْنِ نَجِيَّةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ : كَانَتْ فَاطِمَةُ تُذْكَرُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - ، وَلَا يَذْكُرُهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا صَدَعَتْهُ ، حَتَّى يَئِسُوا مِنْهَا ، فَلَقِيَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ عَلِيًّا ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي وَاللهِ مَا أَرَى رَسُولَ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - يَحْبِسُهَا إِلَّا عَلَيْكَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ : فَلِمَ تَرَى ذَلِكَ ؟ فَوَاللهِ مَا أَنَا بِأَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ : مَا أَنَا بِصَاحِبِ دُنْيَا يَلْتَمِسُ مَا عِنْدِي ، وَقَدْ عَلِمَ مَا لِي صَفْرَاءُ وَلَا بَيْضَاءُ ، وَمَا أَنَا بِالْكَافِرِ الَّذِي يَتَرَفَّقُ بِهَا عَنْ دِينِهِ ، يَعْنِي يَتَأَلَّفُهُ بِهَا ، إِنِّي لَأَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ ، قَالَ سَعْدٌ : فَإِنِّي أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكَ لَتُفَرِّجَنَّهَا عَنِّي ، فَإِنَّ لِي فِي ذَلِكَ فَرَجًا ، قَالَ : أَقُولُ مَاذَا ؟ قَالَ : تَقُولُ : جِئْتُ خَاطِبًا إِلَى اللهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ مُحَمَّدٍ ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ فَعَرَضَ لِلنَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ يَفْتِلُ حَصِيرًا ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى [25/308] اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " كَأَنَّ لَكَ حَاجَةً يَا عَلِيُّ " قَالَ : أَجَلْ ، جِئْتُكَ خَاطِبًا إِلَى اللهِ وَإِلَى رَسُولِهِ فَاطِمَةَ ابْنَةَ مُحَمَّدٍ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " مَرْحَبًا " كَلِمَةً ضَعِيفَةً ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فَقَالَ لَهُ : قَدْ فَعَلْتُ الَّذِي أَمَرْتَنِي بِهِ ، فَلَمْ يَزِدْ عَلَى أَنْ رَحَّبَ بِي كَلِمَةً ضَعِيفَةً ، فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدٌ : أَنْكَحَكَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا خُلْفَ الْآنَ وَلَا كَذِبَ عِنْدَهُ ، أَعْزِمُ عَلَيْكَ لَتَأْتِيَنَّهُ غَدًا وَلَتَقُولَنَّ لَهُ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ ، مَتَى تُبْنِينِي ؟ فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ : هَذِهِ عَلَيَّ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْأُولَى ، أَوَلَا أَقُولُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَاجَتِي ، قَالَ : قُلْ [كَمَا] مَا أَمَرْتُكَ ، فَانْطَلَقَ عَلِيٌّ فَقَالَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، مَتَى تُبْنِينِي ؟ فَقَالَ : " اللَّيْلَةَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ " ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِلَالًا فَقَالَ : " يَا بِلَالُ ، إِنِّي قَدْ زَوَّجْتُ ابْنَتِي ابْنَ عَمِّي ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ النِّسَاءُ ذَهَبْنَ وَأَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ تَكُونَ سُنَّةُ أُمَّتِي الطَّعَامَ عِنْدَ النِّكَاحِ ، فَائْتِ الْغَنَمَ فَخُذْ شَاةً وَأَرْبَعَةَ أَمْدَادٍ أَوْ خَمْسَةً ، وَاجْعَلْ لِي قَصْعَةً لَعَلِّي أَجْمَعُ عَلَيْهَا الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارَ ، فَإِذَا فَرَغْتَ مِنْهَا فَآذِنِّي بِهَا " . فَانْطَلَقَ فَفَعَلَ مَا أَمَرَهُ بِهِ ، ثُمَّ أَتَاهُ بِقَصْعَةٍ فَوَضَعَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَطَعَنَ رَسُولُ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِي رَأْسِهَا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " أَدْخِلْ عَلَيَّ النَّاسَ زُفَّةً زُفَّةً وَلَا تُغَادِرَنَّ زُفَّةٌ إِلَى غَيْرِهَا " ، يَعْنِي إِذَا فَرَغَتْ زُفَّةٌ لَمْ تَعُدْ ثَانِيَةً ، فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَرِدُونَ ، كُلَّمَا فَرَغَتْ زِقَّةٌ وَرَدَتْ أُخْرَى حَتَّى فَرَغَ النَّاسُ ، ثُمَّ عَمَدَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - إِلَى مَا فَضَلَ مِنْهَا فَتَفَلَ فِيهَا وَبَارَكَ وَقَالَ : " يَا عَلِيُّ احْمِلْهَا إِلَى أُمَّهَاتِكَ ، وَقُلْ لَهُنَّ : كُلْنَ وَأَطْعِمْنَ مَنْ غَشِيَكُنَّ " ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - قَامَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ قَالَ : " إِنِّي قَدْ زَوَّجْتُ ابْنَتِي ابْنَ عَمِّي ، وَقَدْ عَلِمْتُنَّ مَنْزِلَتَهَا مِنِّي ، وَأَنَا دَافِعُهَا إِلَيْهِ الْآنَ ، فَدُونَكُنَّ ابْنَتَكُنَّ " فَقَامَ النِّسَاءُ فَغَلَّفْنَهَا مِنْ طِيبِهِنَّ وَحُلِيِّهِنَّ ، وَأَلْبَسْنَهَا مِنْ ثِيَابِهِنَّ وَمِنْ [25/309] حُلِيِّهِنَّ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - دَخَلَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَهُ النِّسَاءُ ذَهَبْنَ وَبَيْنَهُنَّ وَبَيْنَ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - سُتْرَةٌ ، وَتَخَلَّفَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ ، فَقَالَ لَهَا النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " كَمَا أَنْتِ عَلَى رِسْلِكِ ، مَنْ أَنْتِ ؟ " قَالَتْ : أَنَا الَّذِي أَحْرُسُ ابْنَتَكَ ، إِنَّ الْفَتَاةَ لَيْلَةَ بِنَائِهَا لَا بُدَّ لَهَا مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ تَكُونُ قَرِيبَةً مِنْهَا ، إِنْ عَرَضَتْ لَهَا حَاجَةٌ ، أَوْ أَرَادَتْ شَيْئًا أَفْضَتْ بِذَلِكَ إِلَيْهَا ، قَالَ : " فَإِنِّي أَسْأَلُ إِلَهِي أَنْ يَحْرُسَكِ مِنْ بَيْنِ يَدَيْكِ ، وَمِنْ خَلْفِكِ ، وَعَنْ يَمِينِكِ ، وَعَنْ شِمَالِكِ مِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ الرَّجِيمِ " ثُمَّ صَرَخَ بِفَاطِمَةَ فَأَقْبَلَتْ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ عَلِيًّا جَالِسًا إِلَى جَنْبِ النَّبِيِّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - حَضَرَتْ وَبَكَتْ ، فَأَشْفَقَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - أَنْ يَكُونَ بُكَاؤُهَا لِأَنَّ عَلِيًّا لَا مَالَ لَهُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " مَا يُبْكِيكِ ؟ فَمَا آلَوْتُكِ فِي نَفْسِي ، وَقَدْ أَصَبْتُ لَكِ خَيْرَ أَهْلِي ، وَايْمُ الَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، لَقَدْ زَوَّجْتُكِ سَعِيدًا فِي الدُّنْيَا وَإِنَّهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ لَمِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ " فَلَانَ مِنْهَا ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - : " يَا أَسْمَاءُ ، ائْتِينِي بِالْمِخْضَبِ فَامْلَئِيهِ مَاءً " فَأَتَتْهُ أَسْمَاءُ بِالْمِخْضَبِ فَمَلَأَتْهُ مَاءً فَمَجَّ النَّبِيُّ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فِيهِ وَغَسَلَ فِيهِ قَدَمَيْهِ وَوَجْهَهُ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا فَاطِمَةَ فَأَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ مَاءٍ فَضَرَبَ بِهِ عَلَى رَأْسِهَا وَكَفًّا بَيْنَ ثَدْيَيْهَا ، ثُمَّ رَشَّ جِلْدَهُ وَجِلْدَهَا ، ثُمَّ الْتَزَمَهَا ، فَقَالَ : " اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهَا مِنِّي وَأَنَا مِنْهَا ، اللَّهُمَّ فَكَمَا أَذْهَبْتَ عَنِّي الرِّجْسَ وَطَهَّرْتَنِي فَطَهِّرْهَا " ثُمَّ دَعَا بِمِخْضَبٍ آخَرَ ، ثُمَّ دَعَا عَلِيًّا فَصَنَعَ بِهِ مِثْلَ مَا صَنَعَ بِهَا ، ثُمَّ دَعَا لَهُ كَمَا دَعَا لَهَا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " قُومَا إِلَى بَيْتِكُمَا ، جَمَعَ اللهُ بَيْنَكُمَا ، وَبَارَكَ فِي سَيْرِكُمَا ، وَأَصْلَحَ بَالَكُمَا " ثُمَّ قَامَ فَأَغْلَقَ عَلَيْهِمَا بَابَهُ بِيَدِهِ . قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : وَأَخْبَرَتْنِي أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ عُمَيْسٍ أَنَّهَا رَمَقَتْ رَسُولَ اللهِ [25/310] - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يَدْعُو لَهُمَا خَاصَّةً لَا يُشْرِكُهُمَا فِي دُعَائِهِ أَحَدًا حَتَّى تَوَارَى فِي حُجْرَتِهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
EnglishUnverified translation
The account of Fatimah's marriage, may Allah be pleased with her, and what Allah manifested therein of the Messenger of Allah's, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, proof. 55 - Ishaq ibn Ibrahim al-San'ani al-Dabari narrated to us, from 'Abd al-Razzaq, from Yahya ibn al-'Ala' al-Bajali, from his uncle Shu'ayb ibn Khalid, from Hanzalah ibn Sabrah ibn al-Musayyib ibn Najyah, from his father, from his grandfather, from Ibn 'Abbas, he said: Fatimah would be mentioned to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him); none mentioned her but she was refused him, till they despaired of her. Sa'd ibn Mu'adh met 'Ali, saying: By Allah, I see not the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) withholding her but for you. 'Ali said to him: Why deem you that? By Allah, I am not one of the two men: I am not a man of this world seeking what is with me - he knows I have neither yellow nor white - nor am I the disbeliever he softens with her for his religion, meaning he conciliates him with her. I am the first to accept Islam. Sa'd said: I adjure you, you shall surely relieve it from me; I have therein relief. He said: What shall I say? He said: Say: I have come suitor to Allah and His Messenger for Fatimah bint Muhammad. He said: 'Ali went, meeting the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while he twisted a mat. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to him: "As though you have a need, O 'Ali." He said: Yes; I have come to you suitor to Allah and His Messenger for Fatimah daughter of Muhammad. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to him: "Welcome" - a faint word. Then he returned to Sa'd ibn Mu'adh, saying to him: I did what you commanded me; he added not but welcoming me with a faint word. Sa'd said to him: He has married you, by the One who sent him with the truth; there is no breaking now nor lying with him. I adjure you, you shall surely come to him tomorrow, saying to him: O Prophet of Allah, when shall you house me? 'Ali said: This is upon me harder than the first. Shall I not say: O Messenger of Allah, my need? He said: Say as I commanded you. 'Ali went, saying: O Messenger of Allah, when shall you house me? He said: "Tonight, if Allah wills." Then he called Bilal, saying: "O Bilal, I have married my daughter to my cousin. The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, entered; when the women saw him they went. I love that my ummah's practice be food at marriage. Go to the sheep, take a ewe and four or five measures, making me a bowl, that I may gather thereon the Emigrants and Helpers. When you finish thereof, inform me therewith." He went, doing what he commanded him. Then he brought him a bowl, placing it before him. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) thrust in its top. Then he said: "Admit people to me group by group, letting no group pass to another" - meaning when a group finishes, it returns not a second. People began coming; whenever a company finished, another came, till people finished. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) turned to what remained thereof, spitting therein, blessing, saying: "O 'Ali, carry it to your mothers, telling them: Eat, feeding who visits you." Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) rose, entering upon the women, saying: "I have married my daughter to my cousin. You know her station with me. I commit her to him now; your daughter is yours." The women rose, perfuming her of their perfume and jewelry, dressing her of their garments and jewelry. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) entered. When the women saw him they went, between them and the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) a curtain. Asma' bint 'Umays stayed behind. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said to her: "As you are, at your ease - who are you?" She said: I am she who guards your daughter. The girl on her building night must have a woman near her; if a need befalls her, or she wishes aught, she confides that to her. He said: "I ask my God to guard you from before you, behind you, your right, your left, from the accursed Satan." Then he called for Fatimah; she came. When she saw 'Ali sitting beside the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), she was shy, weeping. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) pitied, lest her weeping be because 'Ali has no wealth. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "What makes you weep? I have not stinted you of myself; I have chosen for you the best of my family. By Him in whose hand is my soul, I have surely married you to one blest in this world; in the Hereafter he is of the righteous." She softened thereof. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "O Asma', bring me the basin, filling it water." Asma' brought him the basin, filling it water. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) rinsed therein, washing therein his feet and face. Then he called Fatimah, taking a handful of water, striking therewith her head, a handful between her breasts. Then he sprinkled his skin and her skin. Then he embraced her, saying: "O Allah, she is of me, I of her. O Allah, as You removed from me impurity, purifying me, purify her." Then he called for another basin. Then he called 'Ali, doing with him like what he did with her. Then he supplicated for him as he supplicated for her. Then he said: "Rise to your house. Allah has joined you, blessed your going, set your mind aright." Then he rose, closing upon them his door with his hand. Ibn 'Abbas said: Asma' bint 'Umays informed me that she watched the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him); he kept supplicating for them specially, associating none in his supplication for them, till he vanished in his chamber, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.