8764 - وَبِهِ ، حَدَّثَنِي اللَّيْثُ : حَدَّثَنِي خَالِدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ [8/324] أَبِي هِلَالٍ ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رُومَانَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ : كُنْتُ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : { وَإِنْ تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ } فَكُنْتُ أَهَابُهُ حَتَّى حَجَجْنَا مَعَهُ حَجَّةً ، فَقُلْتُ : لَئِنْ لَمْ أَسْأَلْهُ فِي هَذِهِ الْحَجَّةِ لَا أَسْأَلُهُ ، فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا حَجَّنَا أَدْرَكْنَاهُ وَهُوَ بِبَطْنِ مَرْوٍ قَدْ تَخَلَّفَ لِبَعْضِ حَاجَتِهِ ، فَقَالَ : مَرْحَبًا يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ، مَا حَاجَتُكَ ؟ قُلْتُ : شَيْءٌ كُنْتُ أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْأَلَكَ عَنْهُ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ، فَكُنْتُ أَهَابُكَ ، فَقَالَ : سَلْنِي عَمَّا شِئْتَ ، فَإِنَّا لَمْ نَكُنْ نَعْلَمُ شَيْئًا حَتَّى تَعَلَّمْنَا ، فَقُلْتُ : أَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ قَوْلِ اللهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : { وَإِنْ تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ } مَنْ هُمَا ؟ فَقَالَ : لَا تَسْأَلْ أَحَدًا أَعْلَمَ بِذَلِكَ مِنِّي ، كُنَّا بِمَكَّةَ لَا تُكَلِّمُ أَحَدَنَا امْرَأَتُهُ ، إِنَّمَا هُنَّ خَادِمُ الْبَيْتِ ، فَإِذَا كَانَ لَهُ حَاجَةٌ سَفَعَ بِرِجْلَيْهَا فَقَضَى مِنْهَا حَاجَتَهُ ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا الْمَدِينَةَ تَعَلَّمْنَ مِنْ نِسَاءِ الْأَنْصَارِ ، فَجَعَلْنَ يُكَلِّمْنَنَا وَيُرَاجِعْنَنَا ، وَإِنِّي أَمَرْتُ غِلْمَانًا لِي بِبَعْضِ الْحَاجَةِ ، فَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتِي : بَلِ اصْنَعْ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَقُمْتُ إِلَيْهَا بِقَضِيبٍ فَضَرَبْتُهَا بِهِ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا عَجَبًا لَكَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، تُرِيدُ أَلَّا تُكَلَّمَ ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُكَلِّمْنَهُ نِسَاؤُهُ ، فَخَرَجْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا بُنَيَّةُ انْظُرِي ، لَا تُكَلِّمِي رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي شَيْءٍ ، وَلَا تَسْأَلِيهِ ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْسَ عِنْدَهُ دَنَانِيرُ وَلَا دَرَاهِمُ يُعْطِيكِهُنَّ ، فَمَا كَانَتْ لَكِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ حَتَّى دُهْنُ رَأْسِكِ فَسَلِينِي ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ جَلَسَ فِي مُصَلَّاهُ ، وَجَلَسَ النَّاسُ حَوْلَهُ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَى نِسَائِهِ امْرَأَةً امْرَأَةً ، يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيْهِنَّ ، وَيَدْعُو لَهُنَّ ، فَإِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ إِحْدَاهُنَّ جَلَسَ عِنْدَهَا ، وَإِنَّهَا أُهْدِيَتْ لِحَفْصَةَ بِنْتِ عُمَرَ عُكَّةُ عَسَلٍ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ أَوْ مِنْ مَكَّةَ ، فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا يُسَلِّمُ حَبَسَتْهُ حَتَّى تُلْعِقَهُ مِنْهَا أَوْ تَسْقِيَهُ مِنْهَا ، وَإِنَّ عَائِشَةَ أَنْكَرَتِ احْتِبَاسَهُ عِنْدَهَا ، فَقَالَتْ لِجُوَيْرِيَّةٍ عِنْدَهَا حَبَشِيَّةٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا : خَضْرَاءُ : إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ فَادْخُلِي عَلَيْهَا ، فَانْظُرِي مَا يَصْنَعُ ، فَأَخْبَرَتْهَا الْجَارِيَةُ مَا يَصْنَعُ بِشَأْنِ الْعَسَلِ ، فَأَرْسَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ إِلَى صَوَاحِبِهَا فَأَخْبَرَتْهُنَّ ، وَقَالَتْ : إِذَا دَخَلَ عَلَيْكُنَّ فَقُلْنَ : إِنَّا نَجِدُ مِنْكَ رِيحَ مَغَافِيرَ ، [8/325] ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ دَخَلَ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ ، فَقَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، أَطَعِمْتَ شَيْئًا مُنْذُ الْيَوْمِ ؟ فَإِنِّي أَجِدُ مِنْكَ رِيحَ مَغَافِيرَ ، وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَشَدُّ شَيْءٍ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ يُوجَدَ مِنْهُ رِيحُ شَيْءٍ ، فَقَالَ : هُوَ عَسَلٌ ، وَاللهِ لَا أَطْعَمُهُ أَبَدًا ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ حَفْصَةَ ، قَالَتْ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، إِنَّ لِي حَاجَةً إِلَى أَبِي ، إِنَّ نَفَقَةً لِي عِنْدَهُ ، فَائْذَنْ لِي أَنْ آتِيَهُ ، فَأَذِنَ لَهَا ، ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى مَارِيَةَ جَارِيَتِهِ ، فَأَدْخَلَهَا بَيْتَ حَفْصَةَ ، فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا ، فَأَتَتْ حَفْصَةُ ، فَوَجَدَتِ الْبَابَ مُغْلَقًا ، فَجَلَسَتْ عِنْدَ الْبَابِ ، فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَهُوَ فَزِعٌ ، وَوَجْهُهُ يَقْطُرُ عَرَقًا ، وَحَفْصَةُ تَبْكِي ، فَقَالَ : " مَا يُبْكِيكِ ؟ " فَقَالَتْ : إِنَّمَا أَذِنْتَ لِي مِنْ أَجْلِ هَذَا ، أَدْخَلْتَ أَمَتَكَ بَيْتِي ثُمَّ وَقَعْتَ عَلَيْهَا عَلَى فِرَاشِي ، مَا كُنْتَ تَصْنَعُ هَذَا بِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْهُنَّ ، أَمَا وَاللهِ مَا يَحِلُّ لَكَ هَذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، فَقَالَ : " وَاللهِ مَا صَدَقْتِ ، أَلَيْسَ هِيَ جَارِيَتِي قَدْ أَحَلَّهَا اللهُ لِي ؟ أُشْهِدُكِ أَنَّهَا عَلَيَّ حَرَامٌ ، أَلْتَمِسُ بِذَلِكَ رِضَاكِ ، انْظُرِي أَلَّا تُخْبِرِي بِهَذَا امْرَأَةً مِنْهُنَّ ، فَهِيَ عِنْدَكِ أَمَانَةٌ " ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَرَعَتْ حَفْصَةُ الْجِدَارَ الَّذِي بَيْنَهَا وَبَيْنَ عَائِشَةَ ، فَقَالَتْ : أَلَا أُبَشِّرُكِ ؟ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ حَرَّمَ أَمَتَهُ ، وَقَدْ أَرَاحَنَا اللهُ مِنْهَا ، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : أَمَا وَاللهِ لَقَدْ كَانَ يَرِيبُنِي أَنَّهُ يَقِيلُ مِنْ أَجْلِهَا ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : { يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ لِمَ تُحَرِّمُ مَا أَحَلَّ اللهُ لَكَ } ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : { وَإِنْ تَظَاهَرَا عَلَيْهِ } فَهِيَ عَائِشَةُ وَحَفْصَةُ ، وَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُمَا كَانَتَا لَا تَكْتُمُ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى شَيْئًا ، وَكَانَ لِي أَخٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ إِذَا حَضَرْتُ وَغَابَ فِي بَعْضِ ضَيْعَتِهِ حَدَّثْتُهُ بِمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَإِذَا غِبْتُ فِي بَعْضِ ضَيْعَتِي حَدَّثَنِي ، فَأَتَانِي يَوْمًا وَقَدْ كُنَّا نَتَخَوَّفُ جَبَلَةَ بْنَ الْأَيْهَمِ الْغَسَّانِيَّ ، فَقَالَ : مَا دَرِيتَ مَا كَانَ ؟ فَقُلْتُ : وَمَا ذَاكَ ، لَعَلَّ جَبَلَةَ بْنَ الْأَيْهَمِ الْغَسَّانِيَّ يُذْكَرُ ؟ فَقَالَ : لَا ، وَلَكِنَّهُ أَشَدُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ فَلَمْ يَجْلِسْ كَمَا كَانَ يَجْلِسُ ، وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ عَلَى أَزْوَاجِهِ كَمَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ ، وَقَدِ اعْتَزَلَ فِي مَشْرُبَتِهِ ، وَقَدْ تَرَكْتُ النَّاسَ يَمُوجُونَ ، وَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَا شَأْنُهُ ؟ فَأَتَيْتُ وَالنَّاسُ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ يَمُوجُونَ وَلَا يَدْرُونَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، كَمَا أَنْتُمْ ، [8/326] ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَهُوَ فِي مَشْرُبَتِهِ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ لَهُ عَجَلَةً فَرَقَى عَلَيْهَا ، فَقُلْتُ لِغُلَامٍ لَهُ أَسْوَدَ وَكَانَ يَحْجُبُهُ : اسْتَأْذِنْ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ، فَاسْتَأْذَنَ لِي فَدَخَلْتُ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مَشْرُبَتِهِ فِيهَا حَصِيرٌ وَأُهُبٌ مُعَلَّقَةٌ ، وَقَدْ أَفْضَى بِجَنْبِهِ إِلَى الْحَصِيرِ ، فَأَثَّرَ الْحَصِيرُ فِي جَنْبِهِ ، وَتَحْتَ رَأْسِهِ وِسَادَةٌ مِنْ أَدَمٍ مَحْشُوَّةٍ لِيفًا ، فَلَمَّا رَأَيْتُهُ بَكَيْتُ ، فَقَالَ : " مَا يُبْكِيكَ ؟ " قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، فَارِسُ وَالرُّومُ يَضْطَجِعُ أَحَدُهُمْ فِي الدِّيبَاجِ وَالْحَرِيرِ ، فَقَالَ : " إِنَّهُمْ عُجِّلَتْ لَهُمْ طَيِّبَاتُهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا ، وَالْآخِرَةُ لَنَا " ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ، مَا شَأْنُكَ ؟ فَإِنِّي قَدْ تَرَكْتُ النَّاسَ يَمُوجُ بَعْضُهُمْ فِي بَعْضٍ ، فَعَنْ خَبَرٍ أَتَاكَ اعْتَزَلْتَهُنَّ ؟ فَقَالَ : " لَا وَلَكِنَّ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ أَزْوَاجِي شَيْءٌ ، فَأَقْسَمْتُ أَلَّا أَدْخُلَ عَلَيْهِنَّ شَهْرًا " ، ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ عَلَى النَّاسِ فَقُلْتُ : يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، ارْجِعُوا ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَزْوَاجِهِ شَيْءٌ فَأَحَبَّ أَنْ يَعْتَزِلَ . ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى حَفْصَةَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا بُنَيَّةُ ، أَتُكَلِّمِي رَسُولَ اللهِ - صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَتَغِيظِينَ وَتَغَارِينَ عَلَيْهِ ؟ فَقَالَتْ : لَا أُكَلِّمُهُ بَعْدُ بِشَيْءٍ يَكْرَهُهُ ، ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ وَكَانَتْ خَالَتِي ، فَقُلْتُ لَهَا كَمَا قُلْتُ لِحَفْصَةَ ، فَقَالَتْ : عَجَبًا لَكَ يَا عُمَرُ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، كُلُّ شَيْءٍ تَكَلَّمْتَ فِيهِ حَتَّى تُرِيدَ أَنْ تَدْخُلَ بَيْنَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَبَيْنَ أَزْوَاجِهِ ، وَمَا يَمْنَعُنَا أَنْ نَغَارَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَزْوَاجُكُمْ يَغِرْنَ عَلَيْكُمْ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : { يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لأَزْوَاجِكَ إِنْ كُنْتُنَّ تُرِدْنَ الْحَيَاةَ الدُّنْيَا وَزِينَتَهَا فَتَعَالَيْنَ أُمَتِّعْكُنَّ وَأُسَرِّحْكُنَّ سَرَاحًا جَمِيلا } حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنَ الْآيَةِ . لَمْ يَرْوِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رُومَانَ إِلَّا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِلَالٍ ، وَلَا عَنْ سَعِيدٍ إِلَّا خَالِدُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ ، تَفَرَّدَ بِهِ : اللَّيْثُ .
EnglishUnverified translation
With the same chain, Al-Layth narrated to me: Khalid ibn Yazid narrated to me, from Said ibn Abi Hilal, from Yazid ibn Ruman, from Ibn Abbas who said: I wanted to ask Umar ibn al-Khattab about the saying of Allah, mighty and majestic: And if you two back each other against him. I was in awe of him until we performed Hajj with him, and I said: If I do not ask him in this Hajj I will never ask him. When we completed our Hajj we caught up with him at Batn Marr, having stayed behind for some need. He said: Welcome, O son of the uncle of the Messenger of Allah, what is your need? I said: Something I wanted to ask you about, O Commander of the Faithful, but I was in awe of you. He said: Ask me what you wish, for we knew nothing until we learned. I said: Inform me about the saying of Allah, mighty and majestic: And if you two back each other against him — who are they? He said: Do not ask anyone more knowledgeable about that than me. In Makkah our wives would not talk to us; they were but servants of the house, and when one had a need he would nudge her with his foot and fulfill his need from her. When we came to Madinah they learned from the women of the Ansar, and began talking to us and answering us back. I ordered some servant boys of mine for some need, and my wife said: Rather do such-and-such. I rose to her with a stick and struck her with it. She said: How strange of you, O son of al-Khattab, you want not to be talked to, while the wives of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) talk to him. So I went out and entered upon Hafsah and said: My daughter, see that you do not talk to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) about anything, nor ask him, for the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has neither dinars nor dirhams to give you; whatever need you have, even the oil for your head, ask me. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), when he prayed Fajr, would sit in his prayer place with the people around him until the sun rose, then enter upon his wives one by one, greeting them and supplicating for them; when it was the day of one of them he would stay with her. A skin of honey from Taif or Makkah was gifted to Hafsah bint Umar, and when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) entered upon her greeting, she would detain him until she fed him some of it or gave him some to drink. Aishah disapproved of his staying with her, so she said to a young Abyssinian slave girl with her called Khadra: When he enters upon Hafsah, enter and see what he does. The slave girl informed her what he did with the honey. Aishah sent to her companions and informed them, saying: When he enters upon you, say: We smell maghafir (a foul-smelling gum) from you. Then he entered upon Aishah, and she said: O Messenger of Allah, have you eaten anything today? I smell maghafir from you. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) disliked nothing more than that a smell be found from him. He said: It is honey; by Allah I shall never taste it again. When it was Hafsahs day, she said: O Messenger of Allah, I need to see my father; I have some maintenance with him, so permit me to go to him. He permitted her. Then he sent for Mariyah, his slave girl, and brought her into Hafsahs house and lay with her. Hafsah came and found the door locked, so she sat at the door. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) came out alarmed, his face dripping with sweat, while Hafsah wept. He said: What makes you weep? She said: You only permitted me for this; you brought your slave girl into my house then lay with her on my bed. You would not do this with any of them. By Allah, this is not lawful for you, O Messenger of Allah. He said: By Allah, you are not truthful; is she not my slave girl whom Allah made lawful for me? I bear witness to you that she is forbidden for me, seeking thereby your pleasure; see that you do not inform any of them of this, for it is a trust with you. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) left, Hafsah knocked on the wall between her and Aishah and said: Shall I not give you glad tidings? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has forbidden his slave girl, and Allah has relieved us of her. Aishah said: By Allah, I had suspected he stayed at midday because of her. Then Allah, mighty and majestic, revealed: O Prophet, why do you forbid what Allah made lawful for you. Then the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) recited: And if you two back each other against him — they are Aishah and Hafsah. They claimed the two would conceal nothing from one another. I had a brother from the Ansar: when I attended and he was absent at one of his estates, I would inform him of what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said, and when I was absent at one of my estates he would inform me. He came to me one day — we had been fearing Jabalah ibn al-Ayham al-Ghassani — and said: Do you know what happened? I said: What is it, is Jabalah ibn al-Ayham al-Ghassani mentioned? He said: No, but it is worse than that. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) prayed Fajr and did not sit as he used to sit, nor enter upon his wives as he used to do; he has withdrawn to his upper chamber, and I left the people surging, not knowing his affair. So I came while the people in the mosque were surging, not knowing, and I said: O people, stay as you are. Then I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) while he was in his upper chamber, for which a small ladder had been made so he climbed it. I said to a black boy of his who used to screen him: Ask permission for Umar ibn al-Khattab. He asked permission for me and I entered, with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in his upper chamber containing a mat and tanned skins hanging, his side having touched the mat so the mat left marks on his side, and under his head a leather pillow stuffed with fiber. When I saw him I wept. He said: What makes you weep? I said: O Messenger of Allah, Persia and Rome, one of them reclines in brocade and silk. He said: They have had their good things hastened in this world, and the Hereafter is for us. Then I said: O Messenger of Allah, what is your affair? I left the people surging among themselves. Is it news that came to you that you withdrew from them? He said: No, but there is something between me and my wives, so I swore not to enter upon them for a month. Then I went out to the people and said: O people, return, for there was something between the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his wives and he wished to withdraw. Then I entered upon Hafsah and said: My daughter, do you talk to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), angering him and being jealous over him? She said: I shall never again talk to him about anything he dislikes. Then I entered upon Umm Salamah, who was my maternal aunt, and said to her as I said to Hafsah. She said: How strange of you, O Umar ibn al-Khattab, you speak about everything, even wanting to intervene between the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his wives. What prevents us from being jealous over the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) when your wives are jealous over you? Then Allah, mighty and majestic, revealed: O Prophet, say to your wives: If you desire the life of this world and its adornment, come, I shall provide for you and release you with a handsome release, until the end of the verse. No one narrated this hadith from Yazid ibn Ruman except Said ibn Abi Hilal, and none from Said except Khalid ibn Yazid; al-Layth is alone in it.
