سُورَةُ التَّوۡبَةِ
Reading Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an
Ayahs 121–129 of 129
وَلَا يُنفِقُونَ نَفَقَةًۭ صَغِيرَةًۭ وَلَا كَبِيرَةًۭ وَلَا يَقْطَعُونَ وَادِيًا إِلَّا كُتِبَ لَهُمْ لِيَجْزِيَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ أَحْسَنَ مَا كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ
Nor do they spend an expenditure, small or large, or cross a valley but that it is registered for them that Allah may reward them for the best of what they were doing.
Explained together with ayah 120
۞ وَمَا كَانَ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ لِيَنفِرُوا۟ كَآفَّةًۭ ۚ فَلَوْلَا نَفَرَ مِن كُلِّ فِرْقَةٍۢ مِّنْهُمْ طَآئِفَةٌۭ لِّيَتَفَقَّهُوا۟ فِى ٱلدِّينِ وَلِيُنذِرُوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ إِذَا رَجَعُوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَحْذَرُونَ
And it is not for the believers to go forth [to battle] all at once. For there should separate from every division of them a group [remaining] to obtain understanding in the religion and warn their people when they return to them that they might be cautious.
﴿فَلَوۡلَا﴾: فهَلّا.
﴿نَفَرَ﴾: خَرَج للغزوِ والجهادِ.
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ قَٰتِلُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ يَلُونَكُم مِّنَ ٱلْكُفَّارِ وَلْيَجِدُوا۟ فِيكُمْ غِلْظَةًۭ ۚ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مَعَ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ
O you who have believed, fight those adjacent to you of the disbelievers and let them find in you harshness. And know that Allah is with the righteous.
﴿يَلُونَكُم﴾: يجاوِرُونكم.
﴿غِلۡظَةࣰ﴾: شدَّةً.
وَإِذَا مَآ أُنزِلَتْ سُورَةٌۭ فَمِنْهُم مَّن يَقُولُ أَيُّكُمْ زَادَتْهُ هَٰذِهِۦٓ إِيمَٰنًۭا ۚ فَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ فَزَادَتْهُمْ إِيمَٰنًۭا وَهُمْ يَسْتَبْشِرُونَ
And whenever a surah is revealed, there are among the hypocrites those who say, "Which of you has this increased faith?" As for those who believed, it has increased them in faith, while they are rejoicing.
﴿فَمِنۡهُم﴾: فمِنَ المنافقين.
﴿يَسۡتَبۡشِرُونَ﴾: يَفْرحُون بفضلِ اللهِ عليهم.
وَأَمَّا ٱلَّذِينَ فِى قُلُوبِهِم مَّرَضٌۭ فَزَادَتْهُمْ رِجْسًا إِلَىٰ رِجْسِهِمْ وَمَاتُوا۟ وَهُمْ كَٰفِرُونَ
But as for those in whose hearts is disease, it has [only] increased them in evil [in addition] to their evil. And they will have died while they are disbelievers.
﴿مَّرَضࣱ﴾: شكٌّ ونِفاقٌ.
﴿رِجۡسًا إِلَىٰ رِجۡسِهِمۡ﴾: نِفاقًا وكُفْرًا إلى كُفْرِهم.
أَوَلَا يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُمْ يُفْتَنُونَ فِى كُلِّ عَامٍۢ مَّرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَا يَتُوبُونَ وَلَا هُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ
Do they not see that they are tried every year once or twice but then they do not repent nor do they remember?
﴿يُفۡتَنُونَ﴾: يُبْتلَوْن بأنواعِ البَلاءِ.
﴿وَلَا هُمۡ يَذَّكَّرُونَ﴾: لا يَتَّعِظُون بما نَزَلَ بهم.
وَإِذَا مَآ أُنزِلَتْ سُورَةٌۭ نَّظَرَ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَىٰ بَعْضٍ هَلْ يَرَىٰكُم مِّنْ أَحَدٍۢ ثُمَّ ٱنصَرَفُوا۟ ۚ صَرَفَ ٱللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُم بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌۭ لَّا يَفْقَهُونَ
And whenever a surah is revealed, they look at each other, [saying], "Does anyone see you?" and then they dismiss themselves. Allah has dismissed their hearts because they are a people who do not understand.
﴿نَّظَرَ بَعۡضُهُمۡ إِلَىٰ بَعۡضٍ﴾: تغامَزَ المنافقون بالعيونِ؛ إنكارًا لنزولِ السورةِ، وغيظًا لما فيها من بيانِ عيوبِهم.
﴿هَلۡ يَرَىٰكُم مِّنۡ أَحَدࣲ﴾: يُريدون الهروبَ من مجلسِ النبيِّ ﷺ.
﴿صَرَفَ ٱللَّهُ قُلُوبَهُم﴾: عن الإيمانِ.
﴿لَّا يَفۡقَهُونَ﴾: لا يَفْهَمونَ لعَدَمِ تَدَبُّرِهم وإنصافِهم.
لَقَدْ جَآءَكُمْ رَسُولٌۭ مِّنْ أَنفُسِكُمْ عَزِيزٌ عَلَيْهِ مَا عَنِتُّمْ حَرِيصٌ عَلَيْكُم بِٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ رَءُوفٌۭ رَّحِيمٌۭ
There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves. Grievous to him is what you suffer; [he is] concerned over you and to the believers is kind and merciful.
﴿مِّنۡ أَنفُسِكُمۡ﴾: من قومِكم.
﴿عَزِيزٌ عَلَيۡهِ﴾: ما تَلْقَوْن من المكروهِ والمشقَّةِ.
﴿رَءُوفࣱ﴾: عظيمُ الرحمةِ شفيقٌ.
فَإِن تَوَلَّوْا۟ فَقُلْ حَسْبِىَ ٱللَّهُ لَآ إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ ۖ وَهُوَ رَبُّ ٱلْعَرْشِ ٱلْعَظِيمِ
But if they turn away, [O Muhammad], say, "Sufficient for me is Allah; there is no deity except Him. On Him I have relied, and He is the Lord of the Great Throne."
﴿تَوَلَّوۡاْ﴾: أعْرَضُوا.
﴿حَسۡبِيَ ٱللَّهُ﴾: يكفيني اللهُ.
﴿عَلَيۡهِ تَوَكَّلۡتُ﴾: اعتمَدْتُ عليه وفوَّضْتُ جميعَ أموري إليه.
﴿ٱلۡعَرۡشِ﴾: سريرِ المُلك الذي استوى عليه الرحمنُ، وتحمِلُه الملائكةُ، وهو أعظمُ المخلوقاتِ، وهو سَقْفُ الجنةِ.
Commentary: Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.
