سُورَةُ التَّوۡبَةِ
Reading Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an
Ayahs 1–10 of 129
بَرَآءَةٌۭ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتُّم مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ
[This is a declaration of] disassociation, from Allah and His Messenger, to those with whom you had made a treaty among the polytheists.
﴿بَرَآءَةࣱ﴾: إعذارٌ وتَحَلُّلٌ من العهودِ.
﴿عَـٰهَدتُّم﴾: التزَمْتُم معهم بميثاقٍ.
فَسِيحُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍۢ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِى ٱللَّهِ ۙ وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ مُخْزِى ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ
So travel freely, [O disbelievers], throughout the land [during] four months but know that you cannot cause failure to Allah and that Allah will disgrace the disbelievers.
﴿فَسِيحُواْ﴾: فسِيروا آمنين.
﴿غَيۡرُ مُعۡجِزِي ٱللَّهِ﴾: لن تُفْلِتُوا من عقوبةِ الله.
﴿مُخۡزِي ٱلۡكَـٰفِرِينَ﴾: مُذِلُّهم في الدنيا والآخرة.
وَأَذَٰنٌۭ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَى ٱلنَّاسِ يَوْمَ ٱلْحَجِّ ٱلْأَكْبَرِ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَرِىٓءٌۭ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ۙ وَرَسُولُهُۥ ۚ فَإِن تُبْتُمْ فَهُوَ خَيْرٌۭ لَّكُمْ ۖ وَإِن تَوَلَّيْتُمْ فَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّكُمْ غَيْرُ مُعْجِزِى ٱللَّهِ ۗ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ بِعَذَابٍ أَلِيمٍ
And [it is] an announcement from Allah and His Messenger to the people on the day of the greater pilgrimage that Allah is disassociated from the disbelievers, and [so is] His Messenger. So if you repent, that is best for you; but if you turn away - then know that you will not cause failure to Allah. And give tidings to those who disbelieve of a painful punishment.
﴿وَأَذَ ٰنࣱ﴾: إعلامٌ وإنذارٌ.
﴿يَوۡمَ ٱلۡحَجِّ ٱلۡأَكۡبَرِ﴾: يومَ النَّحرِ.
﴿تُبۡتُمۡ﴾: رَجَعْتُم إلى الحقِّ وتَرَكْتُم الشِّركَ.
﴿تَوَلَّيۡتُمۡ﴾: أعْرَضْتُم.
﴿وَبَشِّرِ﴾: وأنذِرْ.
إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتُّم مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَنقُصُوكُمْ شَيْـًۭٔا وَلَمْ يُظَٰهِرُوا۟ عَلَيْكُمْ أَحَدًۭا فَأَتِمُّوٓا۟ إِلَيْهِمْ عَهْدَهُمْ إِلَىٰ مُدَّتِهِمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ
Excepted are those with whom you made a treaty among the polytheists and then they have not been deficient toward you in anything or supported anyone against you; so complete for them their treaty until their term [has ended]. Indeed, Allah loves the righteous [who fear Him].
﴿لَمۡ يَنقُصُوكُمۡ شَيۡـࣰٔا﴾: لم يَخُونوا العهدَ ولا شروطَه.
﴿وَلَمۡ يُظَـٰهِرُواْ﴾: ولم يُعاونوا.
﴿إِلَىٰ مُدَّتِهِمۡ﴾: إلى مدةِ العهدِ المحددةِ.
فَإِذَا ٱنسَلَخَ ٱلْأَشْهُرُ ٱلْحُرُمُ فَٱقْتُلُوا۟ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدتُّمُوهُمْ وَخُذُوهُمْ وَٱحْصُرُوهُمْ وَٱقْعُدُوا۟ لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍۢ ۚ فَإِن تَابُوا۟ وَأَقَامُوا۟ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَوُا۟ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ فَخَلُّوا۟ سَبِيلَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌۭ رَّحِيمٌۭ
And when the sacred months have passed, then kill the polytheists wherever you find them and capture them and besiege them and sit in wait for them at every place of ambush. But if they should repent, establish prayer, and give zakah, let them [go] on their way. Indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.
﴿ٱنسَلَخَ﴾: خَرَجَ وانقَضى.
﴿ٱلۡأَشۡهُرُ ٱلۡحُرُمُ﴾: الأشهرُ الأربعةُ التي أمَّنتم بها المشركين.
﴿وَخُذُوهُمۡ﴾: وأْسِروهم.
﴿وَٱحۡصُرُوهُمۡ﴾: اقصِدُوهم بالحِصارِ في معاقِلِهم، أو امنعُوهم من الخروجِ والتنقُّلِ في البلادِ.
﴿كُلَّ مَرۡصَدࣲ﴾: كلَّ طريقٍ ومَرْقَبٍ.
﴿تَابُواْ﴾: رَجَعُوا عن الكفر ودخلوا في الإسلام.
﴿فَخَلُّواْ سَبِيلَهُمۡ﴾: فاترُكوهم ولا تتعرَّضوا لهم.
وَإِنْ أَحَدٌۭ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ ٱسْتَجَارَكَ فَأَجِرْهُ حَتَّىٰ يَسْمَعَ كَلَٰمَ ٱللَّهِ ثُمَّ أَبْلِغْهُ مَأْمَنَهُۥ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ قَوْمٌۭ لَّا يَعْلَمُونَ
And if any one of the polytheists seeks your protection, then grant him protection so that he may hear the words of Allah. Then deliver him to his place of safety. That is because they are a people who do not know.
﴿ٱسۡتَجَارَكَ﴾: طَلَبَ جِوارَكَ، أي: حمايتَك وأمانَك.
﴿فَأَجِرۡهُ﴾: فأمِّنْهُ.
﴿كَلَـٰمَ ٱللَّهِ﴾: القرآنَ الكريمَ.
﴿أَبۡلِغۡهُ مَأۡمَنَهُۥ﴾: أعِدْهُ من حيثُ أتى آمِنًا.
كَيْفَ يَكُونُ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ عَهْدٌ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَعِندَ رَسُولِهِۦٓ إِلَّا ٱلَّذِينَ عَٰهَدتُّمْ عِندَ ٱلْمَسْجِدِ ٱلْحَرَامِ ۖ فَمَا ٱسْتَقَٰمُوا۟ لَكُمْ فَٱسْتَقِيمُوا۟ لَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُتَّقِينَ
How can there be for the polytheists a treaty in the sight of Allah and with His Messenger, except for those with whom you made a treaty at al-Masjid al-Haram? So as long as they are upright toward you, be upright toward them. Indeed, Allah loves the righteous [who fear Him].
﴿كَيۡفَ يَكُونُ﴾: لا يكونُ.
﴿عَهۡدٌ﴾: التزامٌ بميثاقٍ.
﴿ٱلۡمَسۡجِدِ ٱلۡحَرَامِ﴾: الحَرَمِ كلِّه.
﴿فَمَا ٱسۡتَقَـٰمُواْ لَكُمۡ﴾: فما أقاموا على الوفاءِ بعهدكم.
كَيْفَ وَإِن يَظْهَرُوا۟ عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا۟ فِيكُمْ إِلًّۭا وَلَا ذِمَّةًۭ ۚ يُرْضُونَكُم بِأَفْوَٰهِهِمْ وَتَأْبَىٰ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَٰسِقُونَ
How [can there be a treaty] while, if they gain dominance over you, they do not observe concerning you any pact of kinship or covenant of protection? They satisfy you with their mouths, but their hearts refuse [compliance], and most of them are defiantly disobedient.
﴿يَظۡهَرُواْ عَلَيۡكُمۡ﴾: يَظْفَرُوا بكم ويَغْلِبوكم.
﴿لَا يَرۡقُبُواْ﴾: لا يُراعُوا.
﴿إِلࣰّا﴾: قَرابةً ولا حِلْفًا.
﴿ذِمَّةࣰ﴾: عَهْدًا ولا حَقًّا.
ٱشْتَرَوْا۟ بِـَٔايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ ثَمَنًۭا قَلِيلًۭا فَصَدُّوا۟ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦٓ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ سَآءَ مَا كَانُوا۟ يَعْمَلُونَ
They have exchanged the signs of Allah for a small price and averted [people] from His way. Indeed, it was evil that they were doing.
﴿ٱشۡتَرَوۡاْ﴾: استبدَلُوا.
﴿ثَمَنࣰا قَلِيلࣰا﴾: عَرَضَ الدنيا الزائلَ.
﴿فَصَدُّواْ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦٓ﴾: فأعرضُوا عن الحقِّ، ومنعُوا غيرَهم عنه.
﴿سَآءَ﴾: قَبُحَ.
لَا يَرْقُبُونَ فِى مُؤْمِنٍ إِلًّۭا وَلَا ذِمَّةًۭ ۚ وَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ هُمُ ٱلْمُعْتَدُونَ
They do not observe toward a believer any pact of kinship or covenant of protection. And it is they who are the transgressors.
Explained together with ayah 9
Commentary: Al-Muyassar fi Gharib al-Qur'an. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.
