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5. Al-Maaida

The Table · Medinan · 120 ayahs

سُورَةُ المَائـِدَةِ

Reading Adwa' al-Bayan by Muhammad al-Amin al-Shinqiti

Ayahs 11–20 of 120

11

يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ هَمَّ قَوْمٌ أَن يَبْسُطُوٓا۟ إِلَيْكُمْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَكَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنكُمْ ۖ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ۚ وَعَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ ٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ

O you who have believed, remember the favor of Allah upon you when a people determined to extend their hands [in aggression] against you, but He withheld their hands from you; and fear Allah. And upon Allah let the believers rely.

Explained together with ayah 6

Al-Maaida 5:11Listen in Qur'an →
12

۞ وَلَقَدْ أَخَذَ ٱللَّهُ مِيثَٰقَ بَنِىٓ إِسْرَٰٓءِيلَ وَبَعَثْنَا مِنْهُمُ ٱثْنَىْ عَشَرَ نَقِيبًۭا ۖ وَقَالَ ٱللَّهُ إِنِّى مَعَكُمْ ۖ لَئِنْ أَقَمْتُمُ ٱلصَّلَوٰةَ وَءَاتَيْتُمُ ٱلزَّكَوٰةَ وَءَامَنتُم بِرُسُلِى وَعَزَّرْتُمُوهُمْ وَأَقْرَضْتُمُ ٱللَّهَ قَرْضًا حَسَنًۭا لَّأُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنكُمْ سَيِّـَٔاتِكُمْ وَلَأُدْخِلَنَّكُمْ جَنَّٰتٍۢ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ ۚ فَمَن كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَٰلِكَ مِنكُمْ فَقَدْ ضَلَّ سَوَآءَ ٱلسَّبِيلِ

And Allah had already taken a covenant from the Children of Israel, and We delegated from among them twelve leaders. And Allah said, "I am with you. If you establish prayer and give zakah and believe in My messengers and support them and loan Allah a goodly loan, I will surely remove from you your misdeeds and admit you to gardens beneath which rivers flow. But whoever of you disbelieves after that has certainly strayed from the soundness of the way."

Explained together with ayah 6

Al-Maaida 5:12Listen in Qur'an →
13

فَبِمَا نَقْضِهِم مِّيثَٰقَهُمْ لَعَنَّٰهُمْ وَجَعَلْنَا قُلُوبَهُمْ قَٰسِيَةًۭ ۖ يُحَرِّفُونَ ٱلْكَلِمَ عَن مَّوَاضِعِهِۦ ۙ وَنَسُوا۟ حَظًّۭا مِّمَّا ذُكِّرُوا۟ بِهِۦ ۚ وَلَا تَزَالُ تَطَّلِعُ عَلَىٰ خَآئِنَةٍۢ مِّنْهُمْ إِلَّا قَلِيلًۭا مِّنْهُمْ ۖ فَٱعْفُ عَنْهُمْ وَٱصْفَحْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

So for their breaking of the covenant We cursed them and made their hearts hard. They distort words from their [proper] usages and have forgotten a portion of that of which they were reminded. And you will still observe deceit among them, except a few of them. But pardon them and overlook [their misdeeds]. Indeed, Allah loves the doers of good.

Explained together with ayah 6

Al-Maaida 5:13Listen in Qur'an →
14

وَمِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّا نَصَٰرَىٰٓ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَٰقَهُمْ فَنَسُوا۟ حَظًّۭا مِّمَّا ذُكِّرُوا۟ بِهِۦ فَأَغْرَيْنَا بَيْنَهُمُ ٱلْعَدَاوَةَ وَٱلْبَغْضَآءَ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ ٱلْقِيَٰمَةِ ۚ وَسَوْفَ يُنَبِّئُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَصْنَعُونَ

And from those who say, "We are Christians" We took their covenant; but they forgot a portion of that of which they were reminded. So We caused among them animosity and hatred until the Day of Resurrection. And Allah is going to inform them about what they used to do.

Explained together with ayah 6

Al-Maaida 5:14Listen in Qur'an →
15

يَٰٓأَهْلَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ قَدْ جَآءَكُمْ رَسُولُنَا يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمْ كَثِيرًۭا مِّمَّا كُنتُمْ تُخْفُونَ مِنَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ وَيَعْفُوا۟ عَن كَثِيرٍۢ ۚ قَدْ جَآءَكُم مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ نُورٌۭ وَكِتَٰبٌۭ مُّبِينٌۭ

O People of the Scripture, there has come to you Our Messenger making clear to you much of what you used to conceal of the Scripture and overlooking much. There has come to you from Allah a light and a clear Book.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿يا أهْلَ الكِتابِ قَدْ جاءَكم رَسُولُنا يُبَيِّنُ لَكم كَثِيرًا مِمّا كُنْتُمْ تُخْفُونَ مِنَ الكِتابِ﴾ [ الآيَةَ [المائدة: ١٥]، لَمْ يُبَيِّنْ هُنا شَيْئًا مِن ذَلِكَ الكَثِيرِ الَّذِي يُبَيِّنُهُ لَهُمُ الرَّسُولُ ﷺ مِمّا كانُوا يُخْفُونَ مِنَ الكِتابِ، يَعْنِي التَّوْراةَ والإنْجِيلَ، وبَيَّنَ كَثِيرًا مِنهُ في مَواضِعَ أُخَرَ.

فَمِمّا كانُوا يُخْفُونَ مِن أحْكامِ التَّوْراةِ رَجْمُ الزّانِي المُحْصَنِ، وبَيَّنَهُ القُرْآنُ في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿ألَمْ تَرَ إلى الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا نَصِيبًا مِنَ الكِتابِ يُدْعَوْنَ إلى كِتابِ اللَّهِ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهم ثُمَّ يَتَوَلّى فَرِيقٌ مِنهم وهم مُعْرِضُونَ﴾ [آل عمران: ٢٣] .

يَعْنِي يُدْعَوْنَ إلى التَّوْراةِ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَهم في حَدِّ الزّانِي المُحْصَنِ بِالرَّجْمِ، وهم مُعْرِضُونَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ مُنْكِرُونَ لَهُ، ومِن ذَلِكَ، ما أخْفَوْهُ مِن صِفاتِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ في كِتابِهِمْ، وإنْكارِهِمْ أنَّهم يَعْرِفُونَ أنَّهُ هو الرَّسُولُ، كَما بَيَّنَهُ تَعالى بِقَوْلِهِ: ﴿وَكانُوا مِن قَبْلُ يَسْتَفْتِحُونَ عَلى الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَلَمّا جاءَهم ما عَرَفُوا كَفَرُوا بِهِ فَلَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ عَلى الكافِرِينَ﴾ [البقرة: ٨٩] .

وَمِن ذَلِكَ إنْكارُهم أنَّ اللَّهَ حَرَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ بَعْضَ الطَّيِّباتِ بِسَبَبِ ظُلْمِهِمْ ومَعاصِيهِمْ، كَما قالَ تَعالى: ﴿فَبِظُلْمٍ مِنَ الَّذِينَ هادُوا حَرَّمْنا عَلَيْهِمْ طَيِّباتٍ أُحِلَّتْ لَهُمْ﴾ [النساء: ٦٠]، وقَوْلِهِ: ﴿وَعَلى الَّذِينَ هادُوا حَرَّمْنا كُلَّ ذِي ظُفُرٍ ومِنَ البَقَرِ والغَنَمِ حَرَّمْنا عَلَيْهِمْ شُحُومَهُما إلّا ما حَمَلَتْ ظُهُورُهُما أوِ الحَوايا أوْ ما اخْتَلَطَ بِعَظْمٍ ذَلِكَ جَزَيْناهم بِبَغْيِهِمْ وإنّا لَصادِقُونَ﴾ [الأنعام: ١٤٦] .

فَإنَّهم أنْكَرُوا هَذا، وقالُوا لَمْ يُحَرَّمْ عَلَيْنا إلّا ما كانَ مُحَرَّمًا عَلى إسْرائِيلَ، فَكَذَّبَهُمُ القُرْآنُ في ذَلِكَ، في قَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿كُلُّ الطَّعامِ كانَ حِلًّا لِبَنِي إسْرائِيلَ إلّا ما حَرَّمَ إسْرائِيلُ عَلى نَفْسِهِ مِن قَبْلِ أنْ تُنَزَّلَ التَّوْراةُ قُلْ فَأْتُوا بِالتَّوْراةِ فاتْلُوها إنْ كُنْتُمْ صادِقِينَ﴾ [آل عمران: ٩٣] .

وَمِن ذَلِكَ كَتْمُ النَّصارى بِشارَةَ عِيسى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ لَهم بِمُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ، وقَدْ بَيَّنَها تَعالى بِقَوْلِهِ: ﴿وَإذْ قالَ عِيسى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ يابَنِي إسْرائِيلَ إنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إلَيْكم مُصَدِّقًا لِما بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ مِنَ التَّوْراةِ ومُبَشِّرًا بِرَسُولٍ يَأْتِي مِن بَعْدِي اسْمُهُ أحْمَدُ﴾ [الصف: ٦]، إلى غَيْرِ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الآياتِ المُبَيِّنَةِ لِما أخْفَوْهُ مِن كُتُبِهِمْ.

Al-Maaida 5:15Listen in Qur'an →
16

يَهْدِى بِهِ ٱللَّهُ مَنِ ٱتَّبَعَ رِضْوَٰنَهُۥ سُبُلَ ٱلسَّلَٰمِ وَيُخْرِجُهُم مِّنَ ٱلظُّلُمَٰتِ إِلَى ٱلنُّورِ بِإِذْنِهِۦ وَيَهْدِيهِمْ إِلَىٰ صِرَٰطٍۢ مُّسْتَقِيمٍۢ

By which Allah guides those who pursue His pleasure to the ways of peace and brings them out from darknesses into the light, by His permission, and guides them to a straight path.

Explained together with ayah 15

Al-Maaida 5:16Listen in Qur'an →
17

لَّقَدْ كَفَرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ هُوَ ٱلْمَسِيحُ ٱبْنُ مَرْيَمَ ۚ قُلْ فَمَن يَمْلِكُ مِنَ ٱللَّهِ شَيْـًٔا إِنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُهْلِكَ ٱلْمَسِيحَ ٱبْنَ مَرْيَمَ وَأُمَّهُۥ وَمَن فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًۭا ۗ وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۚ يَخْلُقُ مَا يَشَآءُ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ قَدِيرٌۭ

They have certainly disbelieved who say that Allah is Christ, the son of Mary. Say, "Then who could prevent Allah at all if He had intended to destroy Christ, the son of Mary, or his mother or everyone on the earth?" And to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them. He creates what He wills, and Allah is over all things competent.

Explained together with ayah 15

Al-Maaida 5:17Listen in Qur'an →
18

وَقَالَتِ ٱلْيَهُودُ وَٱلنَّصَٰرَىٰ نَحْنُ أَبْنَٰٓؤُا۟ ٱللَّهِ وَأَحِبَّٰٓؤُهُۥ ۚ قُلْ فَلِمَ يُعَذِّبُكُم بِذُنُوبِكُم ۖ بَلْ أَنتُم بَشَرٌۭ مِّمَّنْ خَلَقَ ۚ يَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَلِلَّهِ مُلْكُ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا ۖ وَإِلَيْهِ ٱلْمَصِيرُ

But the Jews and the Christians say, "We are the children of Allah and His beloved." Say, "Then why does He punish you for your sins?" Rather, you are human beings from among those He has created. He forgives whom He wills, and He punishes whom He wills. And to Allah belongs the dominion of the heavens and the earth and whatever is between them, and to Him is the [final] destination.

Explained together with ayah 15

Al-Maaida 5:18Listen in Qur'an →
19

يَٰٓأَهْلَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ قَدْ جَآءَكُمْ رَسُولُنَا يُبَيِّنُ لَكُمْ عَلَىٰ فَتْرَةٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلرُّسُلِ أَن تَقُولُوا۟ مَا جَآءَنَا مِنۢ بَشِيرٍۢ وَلَا نَذِيرٍۢ ۖ فَقَدْ جَآءَكُم بَشِيرٌۭ وَنَذِيرٌۭ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ قَدِيرٌۭ

O People of the Scripture, there has come to you Our Messenger to make clear to you [the religion] after a period [of suspension] of messengers, lest you say, "There came not to us any bringer of good tidings or a warner." But there has come to you a bringer of good tidings and a warner. And Allah is over all things competent.

Explained together with ayah 15

Al-Maaida 5:19Listen in Qur'an →
20

وَإِذْ قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِۦ يَٰقَوْمِ ٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَةَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ جَعَلَ فِيكُمْ أَنۢبِيَآءَ وَجَعَلَكُم مُّلُوكًۭا وَءَاتَىٰكُم مَّا لَمْ يُؤْتِ أَحَدًۭا مِّنَ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ

And [mention, O Muhammad], when Moses said to his people, "O my people, remember the favor of Allah upon you when He appointed among you prophets and made you possessors and gave you that which He had not given anyone among the worlds.

Explained together with ayah 15

Al-Maaida 5:20Listen in Qur'an →

Commentary: Adwa' al-Bayan by Muhammad al-Amin al-Shinqiti. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.