سُورَةُ البَقَرَةِ
Reading Al-Nashr fi al-Qira'at al-'Ashr by Ibn al-Jazari
Ayahs 281–286 of 286
وَٱتَّقُوا۟ يَوْمًۭا تُرْجَعُونَ فِيهِ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ ۖ ثُمَّ تُوَفَّىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍۢ مَّا كَسَبَتْ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ
And fear a Day when you will be returned to Allah. Then every soul will be compensated for what it earned, and they will not be treated unjustly.
Explained together with ayah 280
يَٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَدَايَنتُم بِدَيْنٍ إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلٍۢ مُّسَمًّۭى فَٱكْتُبُوهُ ۚ وَلْيَكْتُب بَّيْنَكُمْ كَاتِبٌۢ بِٱلْعَدْلِ ۚ وَلَا يَأْبَ كَاتِبٌ أَن يَكْتُبَ كَمَا عَلَّمَهُ ٱللَّهُ ۚ فَلْيَكْتُبْ وَلْيُمْلِلِ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ وَلْيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ وَلَا يَبْخَسْ مِنْهُ شَيْـًۭٔا ۚ فَإِن كَانَ ٱلَّذِى عَلَيْهِ ٱلْحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَوْ ضَعِيفًا أَوْ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ أَن يُمِلَّ هُوَ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُۥ بِٱلْعَدْلِ ۚ وَٱسْتَشْهِدُوا۟ شَهِيدَيْنِ مِن رِّجَالِكُمْ ۖ فَإِن لَّمْ يَكُونَا رَجُلَيْنِ فَرَجُلٌۭ وَٱمْرَأَتَانِ مِمَّن تَرْضَوْنَ مِنَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءِ أَن تَضِلَّ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا فَتُذَكِّرَ إِحْدَىٰهُمَا ٱلْأُخْرَىٰ ۚ وَلَا يَأْبَ ٱلشُّهَدَآءُ إِذَا مَا دُعُوا۟ ۚ وَلَا تَسْـَٔمُوٓا۟ أَن تَكْتُبُوهُ صَغِيرًا أَوْ كَبِيرًا إِلَىٰٓ أَجَلِهِۦ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَقْسَطُ عِندَ ٱللَّهِ وَأَقْوَمُ لِلشَّهَٰدَةِ وَأَدْنَىٰٓ أَلَّا تَرْتَابُوٓا۟ ۖ إِلَّآ أَن تَكُونَ تِجَٰرَةً حَاضِرَةًۭ تُدِيرُونَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْكُمْ جُنَاحٌ أَلَّا تَكْتُبُوهَا ۗ وَأَشْهِدُوٓا۟ إِذَا تَبَايَعْتُمْ ۚ وَلَا يُضَآرَّ كَاتِبٌۭ وَلَا شَهِيدٌۭ ۚ وَإِن تَفْعَلُوا۟ فَإِنَّهُۥ فُسُوقٌۢ بِكُمْ ۗ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ ۖ وَيُعَلِّمُكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌۭ
O you who have believed, when you contract a debt for a specified term, write it down. And let a scribe write [it] between you in justice. Let no scribe refuse to write as Allah has taught him. So let him write and let the one who has the obligation dictate. And let him fear Allah, his Lord, and not leave anything out of it. But if the one who has the obligation is of limited understanding or weak or unable to dictate himself, then let his guardian dictate in justice. And bring to witness two witnesses from among your men. And if there are not two men [available], then a man and two women from those whom you accept as witnesses - so that if one of the women errs, then the other can remind her. And let not the witnesses refuse when they are called upon. And do not be [too] weary to write it, whether it is small or large, for its [specified] term. That is more just in the sight of Allah and stronger as evidence and more likely to prevent doubt between you, except when it is an immediate transaction which you conduct among yourselves. For [then] there is no blame upon you if you do not write it. And take witnesses when you conclude a contract. Let no scribe be harmed or any witness. For if you do so, indeed, it is [grave] disobedience in you. And fear Allah. And Allah teaches you. And Allah is Knowing of all things.
وَتَقَدَّمَ إسْكانُ الهاءِ مِن ﴿يُمِلَّ هُوَ﴾ وصْلًا لِأبِي جَعْفَرٍ، وقالُونَ بِخِلافٍ عَنْهُما.
(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿أنْ تَضِلَّ﴾ فَقَرَأ حَمْزَةُ بِكَسْرِ الهَمْزَةِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِفَتْحِها.
(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿فَتُذَكِّرَ﴾ فَقَرَأ حَمْزَةُ أيْضًا بِرَفْعِ الراءِ، والباقُونَ بِفَتْحِها، وقَرَأهُ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ، والبَصْرِيّانِ بِالتَخْفِيفِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِالتَشْدِيدِ
. (واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿تِجارَةً حاضِرَةً﴾ فَقَرَأهُ عاصِمٌ بِالنَصْبِ فِيهِما، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِرَفْعِهِما
وَتَقَدَّمَ تَخْفِيفُ راءِ ﴿يُضارَّ﴾، وإسْكانُها لِأبِي جَعْفَرٍ والخِلافُ عَنْهُ في ذَلِكَ.
۞ وَإِن كُنتُمْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍۢ وَلَمْ تَجِدُوا۟ كَاتِبًۭا فَرِهَٰنٌۭ مَّقْبُوضَةٌۭ ۖ فَإِنْ أَمِنَ بَعْضُكُم بَعْضًۭا فَلْيُؤَدِّ ٱلَّذِى ٱؤْتُمِنَ أَمَٰنَتَهُۥ وَلْيَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّهُۥ ۗ وَلَا تَكْتُمُوا۟ ٱلشَّهَٰدَةَ ۚ وَمَن يَكْتُمْهَا فَإِنَّهُۥٓ ءَاثِمٌۭ قَلْبُهُۥ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌۭ
And if you are on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then a security deposit [should be] taken. And if one of you entrusts another, then let him who is entrusted discharge his trust [faithfully] and let him fear Allah, his Lord. And do not conceal testimony, for whoever conceals it - his heart is indeed sinful, and Allah is Knowing of what you do.
(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿فَرِهانٌ﴾ فَقَرَأ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ وأبُو عَمْرٍو فَرُهُنٌ بِضَمِّ الراءِ والهاءِ مِن غَيْرِ ألِفٍ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِكَسْرِ الراءِ وفَتْحِ الهاءِ وألِفٍ بَعْدَها
وَتَقَدَّمَ مَذْهَبُ أبِي جَعْفَرٍ وأبِي عَمْرٍو ووَرْشٍ في إبْدالِ هَمْزَةِ الَّذِي أُؤْتُمِنَ مِن بابِ الهَمْزِ المُفْرَدِ.
لِّلَّهِ مَا فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَمَا فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ ۗ وَإِن تُبْدُوا۟ مَا فِىٓ أَنفُسِكُمْ أَوْ تُخْفُوهُ يُحَاسِبْكُم بِهِ ٱللَّهُ ۖ فَيَغْفِرُ لِمَن يَشَآءُ وَيُعَذِّبُ مَن يَشَآءُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍۢ قَدِيرٌ
To Allah belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth. Whether you show what is within yourselves or conceal it, Allah will bring you to account for it. Then He will forgive whom He wills and punish whom He wills, and Allah is over all things competent.
Explained together with ayah 283
ءَامَنَ ٱلرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۚ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَٰٓئِكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍۢ مِّن رُّسُلِهِۦ ۚ وَقَالُوا۟ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا ۖ غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ ٱلْمَصِيرُ
The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers. All of them have believed in Allah and His angels and His books and His messengers, [saying], "We make no distinction between any of His messengers." And they say, "We hear and we obey. [We seek] Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the [final] destination."
(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿وَكُتُبِهِ﴾ فَقَرَأ حَمْزَةُ والكِسائِيُّ وخَلَفٌ، وكِتابِهِ عَلى التَوْحِيدِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ عَلى الجَمْعِ.
(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿لا نُفَرِّقُ﴾ [البقرة: ١٣٦] فَقَرَأ يَعْقُوبُ بِالياءِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِالنُونِ.
(وَفِيها مِن ياءاتِ الإضافَةِ) ثَمانٍ، تَقَدَّمَ الكَلامُ عَلَيْها إجْمالًا في بابِها.
﴿إنِّي أعْلَمُ﴾ [البقرة: ٣٠] المَوْضِعانِ فَتَحَهُما المَدَنِيّانِ، وابْنُ كَثِيرٍ وأبُو عَمْرٍو ﴿عَهْدِي الظالِمِينَ﴾ [البقرة: ١٢٤] أسْكَنَها حَمْزَةُ وحَفْصٌ ﴿بَيْتِيَ لِلطّائِفِينَ﴾ [البقرة: ١٢٥] فَتَحَها المَدَنِيّانِ، وهِشامٌ وحَفْصٌ ﴿فاذْكُرُونِي أذْكُرْكُمْ﴾ [البقرة: ١٥٢] فَتَحَها ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ ﴿وَلْيُؤْمِنُوا بِي﴾ [البقرة: ١٨٦] فَتَحَها ورْشٌ، ﴿مِنِّي إلّا﴾ [البقرة: ٢٤٩] فَتَحَها المَدَنِيّانِ، وأبُو عَمْرٍو ﴿رَبِّيَ الَّذِي﴾ [البقرة: ٢٥٨] سَكَّنَها حَمْزَةُ (وَفِيها مِن ياءاتِ الزَوائِدِ) سِتٌّ، تَقَدَّمَ الكَلامُ عَلَيْها إجْمالًا
﴿فارْهَبُونِ﴾ [البقرة: ٤٠]، ﴿فاتَّقُونِ﴾ [البقرة: ٤١]. ﴿تَكْفُرُونَ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٨] أثْبَتَهُنَّ في الحالَتَيْنِ يَعْقُوبُ ﴿الداعِ﴾ [البقرة: ١٨٦] إذا أثْبَتَ الباءَ في الوَصْلِ أبُو عَمْرٍو ووَرْشٌ وأبُو جَعْفَرٍ، واخْتُلِفَ عَنْ قالُونَ كَما تَقَدَّمَ وأثْبَتَها يَعْقُوبُ في الحالَيْنِ ﴿دَعانِ﴾ [البقرة: ١٨٦] أثْبَتَ الياءَ فِيها وصْلًا أبُو جَعْفَرٍ وأبُو عَمْرٍو ووَرْشٌ، واخْتُلِفَ عَنْ قالُونَ كَما تَقَدَّمَ وأثْبَتَها في الحالَتَيْنِ يَعْقُوبُ ﴿واتَّقُونِ ياأُولِي﴾ [البقرة: ١٩٧] أثْبَتَ الياءَ وصْلًا أبُو جَعْفَرٍ وأبُو عَمْرٍو في الحالَيْنِ يَعْقُوبُ. واللَهُ المُوَفِّقُ.
لَا يُكَلِّفُ ٱللَّهُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا ۚ لَهَا مَا كَسَبَتْ وَعَلَيْهَا مَا ٱكْتَسَبَتْ ۗ رَبَّنَا لَا تُؤَاخِذْنَآ إِن نَّسِينَآ أَوْ أَخْطَأْنَا ۚ رَبَّنَا وَلَا تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْنَآ إِصْرًۭا كَمَا حَمَلْتَهُۥ عَلَى ٱلَّذِينَ مِن قَبْلِنَا ۚ رَبَّنَا وَلَا تُحَمِّلْنَا مَا لَا طَاقَةَ لَنَا بِهِۦ ۖ وَٱعْفُ عَنَّا وَٱغْفِرْ لَنَا وَٱرْحَمْنَآ ۚ أَنتَ مَوْلَىٰنَا فَٱنصُرْنَا عَلَى ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ
Allah does not charge a soul except [with that within] its capacity. It will have [the consequence of] what [good] it has gained, and it will bear [the consequence of] what [evil] it has earned. "Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred. Our Lord, and lay not upon us a burden like that which You laid upon those before us. Our Lord, and burden us not with that which we have no ability to bear. And pardon us; and forgive us; and have mercy upon us. You are our protector, so give us victory over the disbelieving people."
Explained together with ayah 285
Commentary: Al-Nashr fi al-Qira'at al-'Ashr by Ibn al-Jazari. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.
