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2. Al-Baqara

The Cow · Medinan · 286 ayahs

سُورَةُ البَقَرَةِ

Reading Al-Nashr fi al-Qira'at al-'Ashr by Ibn al-Jazari

Ayahs 231–240 of 286

231

وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمْسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍ أَوْ سَرِّحُوهُنَّ بِمَعْرُوفٍۢ ۚ وَلَا تُمْسِكُوهُنَّ ضِرَارًۭا لِّتَعْتَدُوا۟ ۚ وَمَن يَفْعَلْ ذَٰلِكَ فَقَدْ ظَلَمَ نَفْسَهُۥ ۚ وَلَا تَتَّخِذُوٓا۟ ءَايَٰتِ ٱللَّهِ هُزُوًۭا ۚ وَٱذْكُرُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَمَآ أَنزَلَ عَلَيْكُم مِّنَ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ وَٱلْحِكْمَةِ يَعِظُكُم بِهِۦ ۚ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِكُلِّ شَىْءٍ عَلِيمٌۭ

And when you divorce women and they have [nearly] fulfilled their term, either retain them according to acceptable terms or release them according to acceptable terms, and do not keep them, intending harm, to transgress [against them]. And whoever does that has certainly wronged himself. And do not take the verses of Allah in jest. And remember the favor of Allah upon you and what has been revealed to you of the Book and wisdom by which He instructs you. And fear Allah and know that Allah is Knowing of all things.

Explained together with ayah 229

Al-Baqara 2:231Listen in Qur'an →
232

وَإِذَا طَلَّقْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَبَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا تَعْضُلُوهُنَّ أَن يَنكِحْنَ أَزْوَٰجَهُنَّ إِذَا تَرَٰضَوْا۟ بَيْنَهُم بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ ۗ ذَٰلِكَ يُوعَظُ بِهِۦ مَن كَانَ مِنكُمْ يُؤْمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْءَاخِرِ ۗ ذَٰلِكُمْ أَزْكَىٰ لَكُمْ وَأَطْهَرُ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ يَعْلَمُ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ

And when you divorce women and they have fulfilled their term, do not prevent them from remarrying their [former] husbands if they agree among themselves on an acceptable basis. That is instructed to whoever of you believes in Allah and the Last Day. That is better for you and purer, and Allah knows and you know not.

Explained together with ayah 229

Al-Baqara 2:232Listen in Qur'an →
233

۞ وَٱلْوَٰلِدَٰتُ يُرْضِعْنَ أَوْلَٰدَهُنَّ حَوْلَيْنِ كَامِلَيْنِ ۖ لِمَنْ أَرَادَ أَن يُتِمَّ ٱلرَّضَاعَةَ ۚ وَعَلَى ٱلْمَوْلُودِ لَهُۥ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ ۚ لَا تُكَلَّفُ نَفْسٌ إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا ۚ لَا تُضَآرَّ وَٰلِدَةٌۢ بِوَلَدِهَا وَلَا مَوْلُودٌۭ لَّهُۥ بِوَلَدِهِۦ ۚ وَعَلَى ٱلْوَارِثِ مِثْلُ ذَٰلِكَ ۗ فَإِنْ أَرَادَا فِصَالًا عَن تَرَاضٍۢ مِّنْهُمَا وَتَشَاوُرٍۢ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا ۗ وَإِنْ أَرَدتُّمْ أَن تَسْتَرْضِعُوٓا۟ أَوْلَٰدَكُمْ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذَا سَلَّمْتُم مَّآ ءَاتَيْتُم بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ ۗ وَٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌۭ

Mothers may breastfeed their children two complete years for whoever wishes to complete the nursing [period]. Upon the father is the mothers' provision and their clothing according to what is acceptable. No person is charged with more than his capacity. No mother should be harmed through her child, and no father through his child. And upon the [father's] heir is [a duty] like that [of the father]. And if they both desire weaning through mutual consent from both of them and consultation, there is no blame upon either of them. And if you wish to have your children nursed by a substitute, there is no blame upon you as long as you give payment according to what is acceptable. And fear Allah and know that Allah is Seeing of what you do.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿لا تُضارَّ﴾ فَقَرَأ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ، والبَصْرِيّانِ بِرَفْعِ الراءِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِفَتْحِها. واخْتُلِفَ عَنْ أبِي جَعْفَرٍ في سُكُونِها مُخَفَّفَةً، فَرَوى عِيسى مِن طَرِيقِ ابْنِ مِهْرانَ عَنِ ابْنِ شَبِيبٍ وابْنِ جَمّازٍ مِن طَرِيقِ الهاشِمِيِّ بِتَخْفِيفِ الراءِ مَعَ إسْكانِها كَذَلِكَ ﴿وَلا يُضارَّ كاتِبٌ ولا شَهِيدٌ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٨٢] آخِرَ السُورَةٍ، ورَوى ابْنُ جَمّازٍ مِن غَيْرِ طَرِيقِ الهاشِمِيِّ وعِيسى مِن طَرِيقِ ابْنِ مِهْرانَ، وغَيْرِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ شَبِيبٍ تَشْدِيدَ الراءِ وفَتْحَها فِيهِما، ولا خِلافَ عَنْهم في مَدِّ الألِفِ لِالتِقاءِ الساكِنَيْنِ.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿ما آتَيْتُمْ بِالمَعْرُوفِ﴾ هُنا ﴿وَما آتَيْتُمْ مِن رِبًا﴾ [الروم: ٣٩] في الرُومِ فَقَرَأ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ بِقَصْرِ الهَمْزَةِ فِيهِما مِن بابِ المَجِيءِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِالمَدِّ مِن بابِ الإعْطاءِ.

(واتَّفَقُوا) عَلى: المَدِّ في المَوْضِعِ الثانِي مِنَ الرُومِ، وهو قَوْلُهُ تَعالى: ﴿وَما آتَيْتُمْ مِن زَكاةٍ﴾ [الروم: ٣٩] لِأنَّ المُرادَ بِهِ أعْطَيْتُمْ وكَقَوْلِهِ ﴿وَآتى الزَكاةَ﴾ [البقرة: ١٧٧] بِخِلافِ هَذَيْنِ المَوْضِعَيْنِ فَإنَّ القَصْرَ فِيهِما عَلى مَعْنى فَعَلْتُمْ وقَصَدْتُمْ ونَحْوَهُ كَقَوْلِهِ تَعالى: ﴿وَلا يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ يَفْرَحُونَ بِما أتَوْا﴾ [آل عمران: ١٨٨] فَهي بِخِلافِ قَوْلِهِ ﴿حَتّى إذا فَرِحُوا بِما أُوتُوا﴾ [الأنعام: ٤٤] - واللَهُ أعْلَمُ -.

Al-Baqara 2:233Listen in Qur'an →
234

وَٱلَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَٰجًۭا يَتَرَبَّصْنَ بِأَنفُسِهِنَّ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍۢ وَعَشْرًۭا ۖ فَإِذَا بَلَغْنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا فَعَلْنَ فِىٓ أَنفُسِهِنَّ بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ خَبِيرٌۭ

And those who are taken in death among you and leave wives behind - they, [the wives, shall] wait four months and ten [days]. And when they have fulfilled their term, then there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in an acceptable manner. And Allah is [fully] Acquainted with what you do.

Explained together with ayah 233

Al-Baqara 2:234Listen in Qur'an →
235

وَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِيمَا عَرَّضْتُم بِهِۦ مِنْ خِطْبَةِ ٱلنِّسَآءِ أَوْ أَكْنَنتُمْ فِىٓ أَنفُسِكُمْ ۚ عَلِمَ ٱللَّهُ أَنَّكُمْ سَتَذْكُرُونَهُنَّ وَلَٰكِن لَّا تُوَاعِدُوهُنَّ سِرًّا إِلَّآ أَن تَقُولُوا۟ قَوْلًۭا مَّعْرُوفًۭا ۚ وَلَا تَعْزِمُوا۟ عُقْدَةَ ٱلنِّكَاحِ حَتَّىٰ يَبْلُغَ ٱلْكِتَٰبُ أَجَلَهُۥ ۚ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِىٓ أَنفُسِكُمْ فَٱحْذَرُوهُ ۚ وَٱعْلَمُوٓا۟ أَنَّ ٱللَّهَ غَفُورٌ حَلِيمٌۭ

There is no blame upon you for that to which you [indirectly] allude concerning a proposal to women or for what you conceal within yourselves. Allah knows that you will have them in mind. But do not promise them secretly except for saying a proper saying. And do not determine to undertake a marriage contract until the decreed period reaches its end. And know that Allah knows what is within yourselves, so beware of Him. And know that Allah is Forgiving and Forbearing.

Explained together with ayah 233

Al-Baqara 2:235Listen in Qur'an →
236

لَّا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ إِن طَلَّقْتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ مَا لَمْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ أَوْ تَفْرِضُوا۟ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةًۭ ۚ وَمَتِّعُوهُنَّ عَلَى ٱلْمُوسِعِ قَدَرُهُۥ وَعَلَى ٱلْمُقْتِرِ قَدَرُهُۥ مَتَٰعًۢا بِٱلْمَعْرُوفِ ۖ حَقًّا عَلَى ٱلْمُحْسِنِينَ

There is no blame upon you if you divorce women you have not touched nor specified for them an obligation. But give them [a gift of] compensation - the wealthy according to his capability and the poor according to his capability - a provision according to what is acceptable, a duty upon the doers of good.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿ما لَمْ تَمَسُّوهُنَّ﴾ المَوْضِعَيْنِ هُنا ومَوْضِعِ الأحْزابِ فَقَرَأ حَمْزَةُ والكِسائِيُّ، وخَلَفٌ بِضَمِّ التاءِ وألِفٍ بَعْدَ المِيمِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِفَتْحِ التاءِ مِن غَيْرِ ألِفٍ في الثَلاثَةِ.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿قَدَرُهُ﴾ المَوْضِعَيْنِ فَقَرَأ أبُو جَعْفَرٍ وحَمْزَةُ والكِسائِيُّ وخَلَفٌ وابْنُ ذَكْوانَ وحَفْصٌ بِفَتْحِ الدالِ فِيهِما، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِإسْكانِها مِنهُما.

Al-Baqara 2:236Listen in Qur'an →
237

وَإِن طَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّ مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَمَسُّوهُنَّ وَقَدْ فَرَضْتُمْ لَهُنَّ فَرِيضَةًۭ فَنِصْفُ مَا فَرَضْتُمْ إِلَّآ أَن يَعْفُونَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَا۟ ٱلَّذِى بِيَدِهِۦ عُقْدَةُ ٱلنِّكَاحِ ۚ وَأَن تَعْفُوٓا۟ أَقْرَبُ لِلتَّقْوَىٰ ۚ وَلَا تَنسَوُا۟ ٱلْفَضْلَ بَيْنَكُمْ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ بَصِيرٌ

And if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have already specified for them an obligation, then [give] half of what you specified - unless they forego the right or the one in whose hand is the marriage contract foregoes it. And to forego it is nearer to righteousness. And do not forget graciousness between you. Indeed Allah, of whatever you do, is Seeing.

وَتَقَدَّمَ مَذْهَبُ رُوَيْسٍ في اخْتِلاسِ كَسْرَةِ هاءِ ﴿بِيَدِهِ عُقْدَةُ النِكاحِ﴾ و﴿بِيَدِهِ فَشَرِبُوا مِنهُ﴾ [البقرة: ٢٤٩] في بابِ هاءِ الكِنايَةِ

Al-Baqara 2:237Listen in Qur'an →
238

حَٰفِظُوا۟ عَلَى ٱلصَّلَوَٰتِ وَٱلصَّلَوٰةِ ٱلْوُسْطَىٰ وَقُومُوا۟ لِلَّهِ قَٰنِتِينَ

Maintain with care the [obligatory] prayers and [in particular] the middle prayer and stand before Allah, devoutly obedient.

Explained together with ayah 237

Al-Baqara 2:238Listen in Qur'an →
239

فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ فَرِجَالًا أَوْ رُكْبَانًۭا ۖ فَإِذَآ أَمِنتُمْ فَٱذْكُرُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ كَمَا عَلَّمَكُم مَّا لَمْ تَكُونُوا۟ تَعْلَمُونَ

And if you fear [an enemy, then pray] on foot or riding. But when you are secure, then remember Allah [in prayer], as He has taught you that which you did not [previously] know.

Explained together with ayah 237

Al-Baqara 2:239Listen in Qur'an →
240

وَٱلَّذِينَ يُتَوَفَّوْنَ مِنكُمْ وَيَذَرُونَ أَزْوَٰجًۭا وَصِيَّةًۭ لِّأَزْوَٰجِهِم مَّتَٰعًا إِلَى ٱلْحَوْلِ غَيْرَ إِخْرَاجٍۢ ۚ فَإِنْ خَرَجْنَ فَلَا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِى مَا فَعَلْنَ فِىٓ أَنفُسِهِنَّ مِن مَّعْرُوفٍۢ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌۭ

And those who are taken in death among you and leave wives behind - for their wives is a bequest: maintenance for one year without turning [them] out. But if they leave [of their own accord], then there is no blame upon you for what they do with themselves in an acceptable way. And Allah is Exalted in Might and Wise.

(واخْتَلَفُوا) فِي: ﴿وَصِيَّةً﴾ فَقَرَأ أبُو عَمْرٍو وابْنُ عامِرٍ وحَمْزَةُ وحَفْصٌ ﴿وَصِيَّةً﴾ بِالنَصْبِ، وقَرَأ الباقُونَ بِالرَفْعِ.

Al-Baqara 2:240Listen in Qur'an →

Commentary: Al-Nashr fi al-Qira'at al-'Ashr by Ibn al-Jazari. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.