وَكَمَا حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ ، عَنْ عُمَارَةَ بْنِ غَزِيَّةَ ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا قُتِلَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْيَمَامَةِ ، دَخَلَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَهَافَتُوا يَوْمَ الْيَمَامَةِ ، وَإِنِّي أَخْشَى أَنْ لَا يَشْهَدُوا مَوْطِنًا [8/129] إِلَّا فَعَلُوا ذَلِكَ فِيهِ حَتَّى يُقْتَلُوا ، وَهُمْ حَمَلَةُ الْقُرْآنِ ، فَيَضِيعَ الْقُرْآنُ وَيُنْسَى ، فَلَوْ جَمَعْتَهُ وَكَتَبْتَهُ ، فَنَفَرَ مِنْهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، وَقَالَ : أَفْعَلُ مَا لَمْ يَفْعَلْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ! . ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ إِلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ ، وَعُمَرُ مُحْزَئِلٌّ ، يَعْنِي شِبْهَ الْمُتَّكِئِ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : إِنَّ هَذَا دَعَانِي إِلَى أَمْرٍ فَأَبَيْتُ عَلَيْهِ ، وَأَنْتَ كَاتِبُ الْوَحْيِ ، فَإِنْ تَكُنْ مَعَهُ اتَّبَعْتُكُمَا ، وَإِنْ تُوَافِقْنِي لَمْ أَفْعَلْ مَا قَالَ ، فَاقْتَصَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَوْلَ عُمَرَ فَنَفَرْتُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ، وَقُلْتُ : نَفْعَلُ مَا لَمْ يَفْعَلْ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ! إِلَى أَنْ قَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ كَلِمَةً ، قَالَ : وَمَا عَلَيْكُمَا لَوْ فَعَلْتُمَا ، فَأَمَرَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ ، فَكَتَبْتُهُ فِي قِطَعِ الْأَدَمِ ، وَكِسَرِ الْأَكْتَافِ ، وَالْعُسُبِ . - قَالَ الشَّيْخُ : يَعْنِي الْجَرِيدَ - . فَلَمَّا هَلَكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ قَدْ كَتَبَ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ فِي صَحِيفَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ ، فَكَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ ، فَلَمَّا هَلَكَ كَانَتْ عِنْدَ حَفْصَةَ . [8/130] ثُمَّ إِنَّ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنَ الْيَمَانِ قَدِمَ فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا فَرْجَ أَرْمِينِيَةَ ، فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بَيْتَهُ حَتَّى أَتَى عُثْمَانَ ، فَقَالَ : يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَدْرِكِ النَّاسَ ، فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ : وَمَا ذَاكَ ؟ فَقَالَ : غَزَوْتُ أَرْمِينِيَةَ ، فَحَضَرَهَا أَهْلُ الْعِرَاقِ وَأَهْلُ الشَّامِ ، وَإِذَا أَهْلُ الشَّامِ يَقْرَؤُونَ بِقِرَاءَةِ أُبَيٍّ ، فَيَأْتُونَ بِمَا لَمْ يَسْمَعْ أَهْلُ الْعِرَاقِ ، فَيُكَفِّرُهُمْ أَهْلُ الْعِرَاقِ ، وَإِذَا أَهْلُ الْعِرَاقِ يَقْرَؤُونَ بِقِرَاءَةِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، فَيَأْتُونَ بِمَا لَمْ يَسْمَعْ أَهْلُ الشَّامِ ، فَيُكَفِّرُهُمْ أَهْلُ الشَّامِ . قَالَ زَيْدٌ : فَأَمَرَنِي عُثْمَانُ أَنْ أَكْتُبَ لَهُ مُصْحَفًا ، وَقَالَ : إِنِّي جَاعِلٌ مَعَكَ رَجُلًا لَبِيبًا فَصِيحًا ، فَمَا اجْتَمَعْتُمَا فِيهِ فَاكْتُبَاهُ ، وَمَا اخْتَلَفْتُمَا فِيهِ ، فَارْفَعَاهُ إِلَيَّ ، فَجَعَلَ مَعَهُ أَبَانَ بْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ : { إِنَّ آيَةَ مُلْكِهِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَكُمُ التَّابُوتُ } ، قَالَ زَيْدٌ : فَقُلْتُ أَنَا : التَّابُوهُ ، وَقَالَ أَبَانُ : التَّابُوتُ ، فَرَفَعْنَا ذَلِكَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ فَكَتَبَ التَّابُوتَ ، ثُمَّ عَرَضْتُهُ ، يَعْنِي الْمُصْحَفَ عَرْضَةً أُخْرَى ، فَلَمْ أَجِدْ فِيهِ شَيْئًا ، وَأَرْسَلَ عُثْمَانُ إِلَى حَفْصَةَ أَنْ تُعْطِيَهُ الصَّحِيفَةَ وَحَلَفَ لَهَا : لَيَرُدَّنَّهَا إِلَيْهَا ، فَأَعْطَتْهُ ، فَعَرَضْتُ الْمُصْحَفَ عَلَيْهَا ، فَلَمْ يَخْتَلِفَا فِي شَيْءٍ ، فَرَدَّهَا عَلَيْهَا ، وَطَابَتْ نَفْسُهُ ، وَأَمَرَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يَكْتُبُوا الْمَصَاحِفَ . [8/131] قَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ : فَوَقَفْنَا بِذَلِكَ عَلَى أَنَّ جَمْعَ الْقُرْآنِ كَانَ مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُمَا ، وَهُمَا رَاشِدَانِ مَهْدِيَّانِ ، وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ أَمْرُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِالْقُدْوَةِ بِهِمَا ، وَقَدْ رَوَيْنَا ذَلِكَ فِيمَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنَّا فِي كِتَابِنَا هَذَا ، وَتَابَعَهُمَا عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَهُوَ إِمَامٌ رَاشِدٌ مَهْدِيٌّ ، وَتَابَعَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَيْضًا زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ وَهُوَ كَاتِبُ الْوَحْيِ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ، فَكَتَبَ الْمُصْحَفَ لِعُثْمَانَ بِيَدِهِ ، وَتَابَعَهُمْ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ، فَصَارَ إِجْمَاعًا ، وَالنَّقْلُ بِالْإِجْمَاعِ هُوَ الْحُجَّةُ الَّتِي بِمِثْلِهَا نُقِلَ الْإِسْلَامُ إِلَيْنَا حَتَّى عَلِمْنَا شَرَائِعَهُ ، وَحَتَّى وَقَفْنَا عَلَى عَدَدِ الصَّلَوَاتِ ، وَعَلَى مَا سِوَاهَا مِمَّا هُوَ مِنْ شَرَائِعِ الْإِسْلَامِ . [8/132] وَعَادَ ذَلِكَ إِلَى أَنَّ مَنْ كَفَرَ بِحَرْفٍ مِنْهُ ، كَانَ كَافِرًا حَلَالَ الدَّمِ إِنْ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَى مَا عَلَيْهِ أَهْلُ الْجَمَاعَةِ ، وَفَارَقَ ذَلِكَ حُكْمَ الْأَخْبَارِ الَّتِي يَرْوِيهَا الْآحَادُ بِمَا يُخَالِفُ شَيْئًا مِمَّا فِي الْمُصْحَفِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَا ؛ لِأَنَّهُ لَا يَكُونُ كَافِرًا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِمَا جَاءَتْ بِهِ أَخْبَارُ الْآحَادِ كَمَا يَكُونُ كَافِرًا مَنْ كَفَرَ بِمَا جَاءَتْ بِهِ الْجَمَاعَةُ مِمَّا ذَكَرْنَا ، وَكَانَ فِيمَا ذَكَرْنَا مَا قَدْ دَلَّ أَنَّ مَنْ أَضَافَ شَيْئًا مِمَّا يُخَالِفُ مَا فِي مُصْحَفِنَا هَذَا إِلَى أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ غَيْرُ مُتَلَفِّتٍ إِلَى مَا حَكَى ؛ لِأَنَّهُ حَكَى مَا لَا تَقُومُ بِهِ الْحُجَّةُ ، مِمَّا يُخَالِفُهُ مِمَّا قَدْ قَامَتْ بِهِ الْحُجَّةُ ، وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ . وَفِيمَا ذَكَرْنَا مِمَّا قَدْ رَوَيْنَاهُ فِي حَدِيثِ يُونُسَ عَنْ نُعَيْمٍ مِمَّا عَادَ إِلَى خَارِجَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ أَنَّ كَاتِبَ الْمُصْحَفِ الْمَكْتُوبِ فِي زَمَنِ عُثْمَانَ كَانَ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ بِمَحْضَرِ أَبَانَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، بِامْتِثَالِ مَا كَانَا يَفْعَلَانِ فِي ذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اجْتِمَاعِهِمَا ، وَمَا كَانَا يَفْعَلَانِ فِي اخْتِلَافِهِمَا . وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْ غَيْرِ خَارِجَةَ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هُمْ كَانُوا كَاتِبِي ذَلِكَ الْمُصْحَفِ بِأَمْرِ عُثْمَانَ .
EnglishUnverified translation
And as Yunus narrated to us, he said: Nuaym ibn Hammad narrated to us, he said: Abd al-Aziz ibn Muhammad narrated to us, from Umarah ibn Ghaziyyah, from Ibn Shihab, from Kharijah ibn Zayd ibn Thabit, from his father, he said: When the Messenger of Allah's companions were killed at Yamamah, Umar, may Allah be pleased with him, entered upon Abu Bakr, may Allah be pleased with him, and said: The Messenger of Allah's companions fell in crowds on Yamamah day; I fear they attend no battlefield but do that therein till killed, while they are the Quran's bearers; so the Quran is lost and forgotten. Gather and write it. Abu Bakr disliked it and said: I do what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not do! Then Abu Bakr sent to Zayd ibn Thabit, Umar leaning, meaning like reclining. Abu Bakr said: This called me to a matter and I refused him; and you are the revelation's scribe. If you are with him, I follow you both; and if you agree with me, I do not do what he said. Abu Bakr related Umar's saying; I disliked it and said: We do what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) did not do! Till Umar said a word, he said: What is upon you both were you to do? Abu Bakr commanded me, and I wrote it in leather pieces, shoulder-blade shards, and palm stalks - the Shaykh said: meaning fronds. When Abu Bakr perished and Umar had written all that in one sheet, it was with him; when he perished it was with Hafsah. Then Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman came in a raid he raided, the frontier of Armenia; he did not enter his house till he came to Uthman and said: O Commander of the Faithful, reach the people. Uthman said: What is that? He said: I raided Armenia; its folk of Iraq and Sham attended; Iraq folk recite Ubayy's recitation, bringing what Iraq folk never heard, and Iraq folk call them disbelievers; and Iraq folk recite Abdullah ibn Masud's recitation, bringing what Sham folk never heard, and Sham folk call them disbelievers. Zayd said: Uthman commanded me to write for him a codex, and said: I am placing with you an intelligent, eloquent man; whatever you agree in, write it; and whatever you differ in, raise it to me. He placed with him Aban ibn Said ibn al-As. When it reached: The sign of his kingship is the Tabut comes to you, Zayd said: I said: al-Tabuh, and Aban said: al-Tabut. We raised that to Uthman, and he wrote al-Tabut. Then I presented it, meaning the codex, another presentation, and found nothing in it. Uthman sent to Hafsah to give him the sheet, swearing to return it to her; she gave it, and I presented the codex upon it; they did not differ in anything. He returned it to her, and his soul was content, and commanded people to write codices. Abu Jafar said: We stood thereby that the Quran's gathering was from Abu Bakr and Umar, both rightly guided; and the Messenger of Allah's command to follow them preceded, and we narrated that in what preceded of our book. Uthman followed them upon that, an rightly guided Imam; and Zayd ibn Thabit followed them also, the Messenger's revelation scribe; he wrote the codex for Uthman with his hand. The Messenger of Allah's companions followed them upon that; so it became consensus. Transmission by consensus is the proof by whose like Islam was transmitted to us till we knew its laws, till we stood upon prayer counts and what besides of Islam's laws. It returned to that whoever disbelieves in a letter of it is disbeliever, lawful of blood if he does not return to what the community is upon. It differs from the ruling of reports transmitted by singles with what opposes something in the codex we mentioned; for whoever disbelieves in what single reports bring is not disbeliever as whoever disbelieves in what the community brought of what we mentioned is disbeliever. In what we mentioned is what indicates whoever ascribes something opposing what is in our codex to one of the Messenger's companions pays no heed to what he related; for he related what establishes no proof, opposing what proof is established with; and with Allah is success. In what we mentioned of what we narrated in Yunus's hadith from Nuaym of what returns to Kharijah ibn Zayd is that the codex written in Uthman's time's writer was Zayd ibn Thabit in Aban ibn Said's presence, by carrying out what they did therein upon their agreeing, and what they did in their differing. And there is narrated from other than Kharijah that the Messenger of Allah's companions were that codex's writers by Uthman's command.
