8316 - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ خَالِدٍ الْحَرَّانِيُّ ، ثَنَا أَبِي ، ثَنَا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي الْأَسْوَدِ ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ ، قَالَ : وَتَسْمِيَةُ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا إِلَى أَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ الْمَرَّةَ الْأُولَى قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ جَعْفَرٍ وَأَصْحَابِهِ : عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ ، وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ، وَمَعَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ رُقَيَّةُ بِنْتُ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ ، وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ ، وَأَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَمَعَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ سَهْلَةُ بِنْتُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، وَوَلَدَتْ لَهُ بِأَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي حُذَيْفَةَ ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ ، وَمُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ أَخُو بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ ، وَعَامِرُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ ، وَأَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَسَدِ ، وَامْرَأَتُهُ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ ، وَأَبُو سَبْرَةَ بْنُ أَبِي رُهْمٍ وَمَعَهُ أُمُّ كُلْثُومِ بِنْتُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو ، وَسُهَيْلُ بْنُ بَيْضَاءَ . قَالَ : ثُمَّ رَجَعَ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ ذَهَبُوا الْمَرَّةَ الْأُولَى قَبْلَ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَأَصْحَابِهِ حِينَ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ السُّورَةَ الَّتِي يَذْكُرُ فِيهَا : { وَالنَّجْمِ إِذَا هَوَى } ، وَقَالَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ : لَوْ كَانَ هَذَا الرَّجُلُ يَذْكُرُ آلِهَتَنَا بِخَيْرٍ أَقْرَرْنَاهُ وَأَصْحَابَهُ ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَذْكُرُ أَحَدًا مِمَّنْ خَالَفَ دِينَهُ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ ، وَالنَّصَارَى ، بِمِثْلِ الَّذِي يَذْكُرُ بِهِ آلِهَتَنَا مِنَ الشَّتْمِ وَالشَّرِّ ، فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ عَزَّ [9/35] وَجَلَّ السُّورَةَ الَّتِي يَذْكُرُ فِيهَا : { وَالنَّجْمِ } ، وَقَرَأَ : { أَفَرَأَيْتُمُ اللاتَ وَالْعُزَّى * وَمَنَاةَ الثَّالِثَةَ الأُخْرَى } أَلْقَى الشَّيْطَانُ فِيهَا عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ ذِكْرَ الطَّوَاغِيتِ فَقَالَ : " وَإِنَّهُنَّ لِمَنَ الْغَرَانِيقِ الْعُلَى ، وَإِنَّ شَفَاعَتَهُمْ لَتُرْتَجَى " ، وَذَلِكَ مِنْ سَجْعِ الشَّيْطَانِ وَفِتْنَتِهِ ، فَوَقَعَتْ هَاتَانِ الْكَلِمَتَانِ فِي قَلْبِ كُلِّ مُشْرِكٍ ، وَذَلَّتْ بِهَا أَلْسِنَتُهُمْ وَاسْتَبْشَرُوا بِهَا ، وَقَالُوا : إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ رَجَعَ إِلَى دِينِهِ الْأَوَّلِ وَدِينِ قَوْمِهِ ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ آخِرَ السُّورَةِ الَّتِي فِيهَا النَّجْمُ ، سَجَدَ وَسَجَدَ مَعَهُ كُلُّ مَنْ حَضَرَ مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ وَمُشْرِكٍ ، غَيْرَ أَنَّ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ الْمُغِيرَةِ - كَانَ رَجُلًا كَبِيرًا - فَرَفَعَ عَلَى كَفِّهِ تُرَابًا فَسَجَدَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَعَجِبَ الْفَرِيقَانِ كِلَاهُمَا مِنْ جَمَاعَتِهِمْ فِي السُّجُودِ ، لِسُجُودِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَمَّا الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَعَجِبُوا مِنْ سُجُودِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ عَلَى غَيْرِ إِيمَانٍ وَلَا يَقِينٍ ، وَلَمْ يَكُنِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ سَمِعُوا الَّذِي أَلْقَى الشَّيْطَانُ عَلَى أَلْسِنَةِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، وَأَمَّا الْمُشْرِكُونَ فَاطْمَأَنَّتْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ لَمَّا سَمِعُوا الَّذِي أَلْقَى الشَّيْطَانُ فِي أُمْنِيَّةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَحَدَّثَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَدْ قَرَأَهَا فِي السَّجْدَةِ فَسَجَدُوا لِتَعْظِيمِ آلِهَتِهِمْ ، فَفَشَتْ تِلْكَ الْكَلِمَةُ فِي النَّاسِ ، وَأَظْهَرَهَا الشَّيْطَانُ حَتَّى بَلَغَتِ الْحَبَشَةَ ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ ، وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ وَمَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ أَنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ أَسْلَمُوا وَصَلَّوْا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَبَلَغَهُمْ سُجُودُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَلَى التُّرَابِ عَلَى كَفَّيْهِ أَقْبَلُوا سِرَاعًا ، وَكَبُرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَلَمَّا أَمْسَى أَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ، فَشَكَا إِلَيْهِ ، فَأَمَرَهُ فَقَرَأَ عَلَيْهِ ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَهَا تَبَرَّأَ مِنْهَا جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ، وَقَالَ : مَعَاذَ اللهِ مِنْ هَاتَيْنِ ، مَا أَنْزَلَهُمَا رَبِّي وَلَا أَمَرَنِي بِهِمَا رَبُّكَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ شَقَّ عَلَيْهِ ، وَقَالَ : أَطَعْتُ الشَّيْطَانَ وَتَكَلَّمْتُ بِكَلَامِهِ وَشَرَكَنِي فِي أَمْرِ اللهِ " فَنَسَخَ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ مَا أَلْقَى الشَّيْطَانُ ، وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ : { وَمَا أَرْسَلْنَا مِنْ قَبْلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولٍ وَلا نَبِيٍّ إِلا إِذَا تَمَنَّى أَلْقَى الشَّيْطَانُ فِي أُمْنِيَّتِهِ فَيَنْسَخُ اللهُ مَا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطَانُ ثُمَّ يُحْكِمُ اللهُ آيَاتِهِ وَاللهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ * لِيَجْعَلَ مَا يُلْقِي الشَّيْطَانُ فِتْنَةً لِلَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ وَالْقَاسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَإِنَّ الظَّالِمِينَ لَفِي شِقَاقٍ بَعِيدٍ } ، [9/36] فَلَمَّا بَرَّأَهُ اللهُ مِنْ سَجْعِ الشَّيْطَانِ وَفِتْنَتِهِ ، انْقَلَبَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ بَضَلَالِهِمْ وَعَدَاوَتِهِمْ ، وَبَلَغَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ بِأَرْضِ الْحَبَشَةِ وَقَدْ شَارَفُوا مَكَّةَ ، فَلَمْ يَسْتَطِيعُوا الرُّجُوعَ مِنْ شِدَّةِ الْبَلَاءِ الَّذِي أَصَابَهُمْ وَالْجُوعِ وَالْخَوْفِ ، خَافُوا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا مَكَّةَ فَيُبْطَشَ بِهِمْ ، فَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا بِجِوَارٍ ، وَأَجَارَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ ، عُثْمَانَ بْنَ مَظْعُونٍ ، فَلَمَّا أَبْصَرَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مَظْعُونٍ الَّذِي لَقِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابُهُ مِنَ الْبَلَاءِ ، وَعُذِّبَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ بِالنَّارِ وَبِالسِّيَاطِ ، وَعُثْمَانُ مُعَافًى لَا يُعْرَضُ لَهُ رَجَعَ إِلَى نَفْسِهِ ، فَاسْتَحَبَّ الْبَلَاءَ عَلَى الْعَافِيَةِ ، وَقَالَ : أَمَّا مَنْ كَانَ فِي عَهْدِ اللهِ وَذِمَّتِهِ وَذِمَّةِ رَسُولِهِ الَّذِي اخْتَارَ لِأَوْلِيَائِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ ، وَمَنْ دَخَلَ فِيهِ فَهُوَ خَائِفٌ مُبْتَلًى بِالشِّدَّةِ وَالْكَرْبِ ، عَمَدَ إِلَى الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَقَالَ : يَا ابْنَ عَمِّ ، قَدْ أَجَرْتَنِي فَأَحْسَنْتَ جِوَارِي ، وَإِنِّي أُحِبُّ أَنْ تُخْرِجَنِي إِلَى عَشِيرَتِكَ فَتَبْرَأَ مِنِّي بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِهِمْ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْوَلِيدُ : ابْنَ أَخِي ، لَعَلَّ أَحَدًا آذَاكَ وَشَتَمَكَ وَأَنْتَ فِي ذِمَّتِي ، فَأَنْتَ تُرِيدُ مَنْ هُوَ أَمْنَعُ لَكَ مِنِّي ، فَأَكْفِيكَ ذَلِكَ ، قَالَ : لَا وَاللهِ مَا بِي ذَلِكَ ، وَمَا اعْتَرَضَ لِي مِنْ أَحَدٍ ، فَلَمَّا أَبَى عُثْمَانُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَتَبَرَّأَ مِنْهُ الْوَلِيدُ أَخْرَجَهُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ وَقُرَيْشٌ فِيهِ كَأَحْفَلِ مَا كَانُوا ، وَلَبِيدُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ الشَّاعِرُ يُنْشِدُهُمْ ، فَأَخَذَ الْوَلِيدُ بِيَدِ عُثْمَانَ فَأَتَى بِهِ قُرَيْشًا ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ هَذَا غَلَبَنِي وَحَمَلَنِي عَلَى أَنْ أَبْرَأَ إِلَيْهِ مِنْ جِوَارِي ، أُشْهِدُكُمْ أَنِّي مِنْهُ بَرِيءٌ ، فَجَلَسَا مَعَ الْقَوْمِ ، وَأَخَذَ لَبِيدُ يُنْشِدُهُمْ ، فَقَالَ : فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ : صَدَقْتَ ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ لَبِيدًا أَنْشَدَهُمْ تَمَامَ الْبَيْتِ : ، فَقَالَ : كَذَبْتَ ، فَأُسْكِتَ الْقَوْمُ وَلَمْ يَدْرُوا مَا أَرَادَ بِكَلِمَتِهِ ، ثُمَّ أَعَادَهَا [9/37] الثَّانِيَةَ وَأَمَرَ بِذَلِكَ ، فَلَمَّا قَالَهَا قَالَ مِثْلَ كَلِمَتِهِ الْأُولَى وَالْآخِرَةِ ، صَدَّقَهُ مَرَّةً ، وَكَذَّبَهُ مَرَّةً ، وَإِنَّمَا يُصَدِّقُهُ إِذَا ذَكَرَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ يَفْنَى ، وَإِذَا قَالَ : كُلُّ نَعِيمٍ ذَاهِبٌ كَذَّبَهُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ ، إِنَّ نَعِيمَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ لَا يَزُولُ ، نَزَعَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فَلَطَمَ عَيْنَ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ مَظْعُونٍ فَاخْضَرَّتْ مَكَانَهَا ، فَقَالَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ وَأَصْحَابُهُ : قَدْ كُنْتَ فِي ذِمَّةٍ مَانِعَةٍ مَمْنُوعَةٍ ، فَخَرَجْتَ مِنْهَا إِلَى هَذَا ، وَكُنْتَ عَمَّا لَقِيتَ غَنِيًّا ، ثُمَّ ضَحِكُوا ، فَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ : بَلْ كُنْتُ إِلَى هَذَا الَّذِي لَقِيتُ مِنْكُمْ فَقِيرًا ، وَعَيْنِي الَّتِي لَمْ تُلْطَمْ إِلَى مِثْلِ هَذَا الَّذِي لَقِيَتْ صَاحِبَتُهَا فَقِيرَةٌ ، لِي فِيمَنْ هُوَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْكُمْ أُسْوَةٌ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْوَلِيدُ : إِنْ شِئْتَ أَجَرْتُكَ الثَّانِيَةَ ، فَقَالَ : لَا أَرَبَ لِي فِي جِوَارِكَ .
EnglishUnverified translation
Narrated Muhammad ibn Amr ibn Khalid al-Harrani from his father, from Ibn Lahi'a, from Abu al-Aswad, from Urwa, who said: The naming of those who went out to the land of Abyssinia the first time before the departure of Jafar and his companions: Uthman ibn Mazun, Uthman ibn Affan with him his wife Ruqayya daughter of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), Abd Allah ibn Masud, Abd al-Rahman ibn Awf, Abu Hudhayfa ibn Utba ibn Rabia with him his wife Sahla bint Suhayl ibn Amr, who bore him in the land of Abyssinia Muhammad ibn Abi Hudhayfa, al-Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, Musab ibn Umayr brother of Banu Abd al-Dar, Amir ibn Rabia, Abu Salama ibn Abd al-Asad and his wife Umm Salama, Abu Sabra ibn Abi Ruhm with him Umm Kulthum bint Suhayl ibn Amr, and Suhayl ibn Bayda. He said: Then those who went the first time returned before Jafar ibn Abi Talib and his companions, when Allah Almighty revealed the sura in which He mentions: By the star when it descends. The idolaters of Quraysh said: If this man would mention our gods with good, we would affirm him and his companions, for he does not mention any who oppose his religion among the Jews and Christians with the like of what he mentions our gods with of insult and evil. When Allah Almighty revealed the sura in which He mentions: By the star, and he recited: Have you considered al-Lat and al-Uzza and Manat the third, the other, Satan cast into it at that point mention of the false gods, saying: And they are among the lofty cranes, and their intercession is to be hoped for; that was of Satan's rhymed speech and his temptation. Those two phrases fell into the heart of every idolater, their tongues were humbled by them, and they rejoiced at them, saying: Muhammad (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has returned to his former religion and the religion of his people. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) reached the end of the sura containing the star, he prostrated and all who were present prostrated with him, Muslim and idolater, except that al-Walid ibn al-Mughira, being an old man, lifted dirt upon his palm and prostrated upon it. Both groups marveled together at their prostration, due to the prostration of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). As for the Muslims, they marveled at the prostration of the idolaters without faith or certainty, for the Muslims had not heard what Satan had cast upon the tongues of the idolaters; as for the idolaters, they were reassured toward the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his companions when they heard what Satan had cast into the Prophet's wishful recitation, and Satan told them that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) had recited it in the prostration, so they prostrated to honor their gods. That phrase spread among the people, and Satan made it public until it reached Abyssinia. When Uthman ibn Mazun, Abd Allah ibn Masud and those with them from the people of Mecca heard that the people had accepted Islam and prayed with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and the prostration of al-Walid ibn al-Mughira upon dirt upon his palms reached them, they came hastily. That weighed heavily upon the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), and in the evening Jibril (peace be upon him) came to him; he complained to him, and he commanded him and he recited to him. When he reached it, Jibril (peace be upon him) disowned it, saying: Allah forbid these two; my Lord did not reveal them nor did your Lord command me with them. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) saw that, it grieved him, and he said: I obeyed Satan and spoke his speech, and he shared with me in Allah's command. So Allah Almighty abrogated what Satan had cast and revealed to him: And We did not send before you any messenger or prophet but that when he wished, Satan cast into his wish, then Allah abrogates what Satan casts, then Allah establishes His verses, and Allah is Knowing, Wise, that He may make what Satan casts a trial for those in whose hearts is disease and those whose hearts are hard; indeed the wrongdoers are in far dissension. When Allah cleared him of Satan's rhymed speech and his temptation, the idolaters turned back with their misguidance and enmity. It reached the Muslims who were in the land of Abyssinia, having neared Mecca, and they could not turn back due to the severity of the affliction, hunger and fear that befell them; they feared to enter Mecca lest they be seized. No man among them entered except under protection. Al-Walid ibn al-Mughira gave protection to Uthman ibn Mazun. When Uthman ibn Mazun saw what the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) and his companions met of affliction, and a group among them were tortured with fire and whips, while Uthman was safe and untouched, he returned to himself and preferred affliction over safety. He said: As for one who is in Allah's covenant and protection and the protection of His Messenger, whom He chose for His allies among the people of Islam, and whoever enters it is fearful, tried with hardship and distress, he went to al-Walid ibn al-Mughira and said: O son of my uncle, you gave me protection and did well in protecting me, and I wish that you bring me out to your clan and disown me before them. Al-Walid said to him: Son of my brother, perhaps someone harmed and insulted you while you are under my protection, so you want one who is more protective for you than I, and I will suffice you that. He said: No, by Allah, not that, nor has anyone confronted me. When Uthman refused but that al-Walid disown him, he brought him out to the mosque while Quraysh were in it in their fullest gathering, and Labid ibn Rabia the poet was reciting to them. Al-Walid took Uthman's hand and brought him to Quraysh, saying: This one has overpowered me and compelled me to disown him of my protection; I bear witness to you that I am free of him. They sat with the people, and Labid began reciting to them, saying: Uthman said: You spoke truth. Then Labid recited the completion of the verse to them, and he said: You lied. The people fell silent, not knowing what he meant by his word. Then he repeated it a second time as commanded, and when he said it he said the like of his first and last word: he confirmed him once and belied him once; he only confirms him when he mentions that everything perishes, and when he says: All bliss departs, he belies him at that, for the bliss of the people of Paradise does not cease. At that a man of Quraysh rose and slapped the eye of Uthman ibn Mazun, and it turned green in its place. Al-Walid ibn al-Mughira and his companions said: You were under a protective, defended protection, then left it for this; you were in no need of what met you. Then they laughed. Uthman said: Rather I was in need of this which I met from you, and my eye that was not slapped is in need of the like of what its fellow met. I have in one more beloved to me than you an example. Al-Walid said to him: If you wish I will protect you a second time. He said: I have no need of your protection.