سُورَةُ الأَعۡرَافِ
Reading Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti
Ayahs 91–100 of 206
فَأَخَذَتْهُمُ ٱلرَّجْفَةُ فَأَصْبَحُوا۟ فِى دَارِهِمْ جَٰثِمِينَ
So the earthquake seized them, and they became within their home [corpses] fallen prone.
﴿فَأَخَذَتْهُمْ الرَّجْفَة﴾ الزَّلْزَلَة الشَّدِيدَة ﴿فَأَصْبَحُوا فِي دارهمْ جاثِمِينَ﴾ بارِكِينِ عَلى الرُّكَب مَيِّتِينَ
ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا۟ شُعَيْبًۭا كَأَن لَّمْ يَغْنَوْا۟ فِيهَا ۚ ٱلَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا۟ شُعَيْبًۭا كَانُوا۟ هُمُ ٱلْخَٰسِرِينَ
Those who denied Shu'ayb - it was as though they had never resided there. Those who denied Shu'ayb - it was they who were the losers.
﴿الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْبًا﴾ مُبْتَدَأ خَبَره ﴿كَأَنْ﴾ مُخَفَّفَة واسْمها مَحْذُوف أيْ كَأَنَّهُمْ ﴿لَمْ يَغْنَوْا﴾ يُقِيمُوا ﴿فِيها﴾ فِي دِيارهمْ ﴿الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا شُعَيْبًا كانُوا هُمْ الخاسِرِينَ﴾ التَّأْكِيد بِإعادَةِ المَوْصُول وغَيْره لِلرَّدِّ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي قَوْلهمْ السّابِق
فَتَوَلَّىٰ عَنْهُمْ وَقَالَ يَٰقَوْمِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتُكُمْ رِسَٰلَٰتِ رَبِّى وَنَصَحْتُ لَكُمْ ۖ فَكَيْفَ ءَاسَىٰ عَلَىٰ قَوْمٍۢ كَٰفِرِينَ
And he turned away from them and said, "O my people, I had certainly conveyed to you the messages of my Lord and advised you, so how could I grieve for a disbelieving people?"
﴿فَتَوَلّى﴾ أعَرَضَ ﴿عَنْهُمْ وقالَ يا قَوْم لَقَدْ أبْلَغْتُكُمْ رِسالات رَبِّي ونَصَحْت لَكُمْ﴾ فَلَمْ تُؤْمِنُوا ﴿فَكَيْفَ آسى عَلى قَوْم كافِرِينَ﴾ أحْزَن اسْتِفْهام بِمَعْنى النَّفْي
وَمَآ أَرْسَلْنَا فِى قَرْيَةٍۢ مِّن نَّبِىٍّ إِلَّآ أَخَذْنَآ أَهْلَهَا بِٱلْبَأْسَآءِ وَٱلضَّرَّآءِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَضَّرَّعُونَ
And We sent to no city a prophet [who was denied] except that We seized its people with poverty and hardship that they might humble themselves [to Allah].
﴿وما أرْسَلْنا فِي قَرْيَة مِن نَبِيّ﴾ فَكَذَّبُوهُ ﴿إلّا أخَذْنا﴾ عاقَبْنا ﴿أهْلها بِالبَأْساءِ﴾ شِدَّة الفَقْر ﴿والضَّرّاء﴾ المَرَض ﴿لَعَلَّهُمْ يَضَّرَّعُونَ﴾ يَتَذَلَّلُونَ فَيُؤْمِنُونَ
ثُمَّ بَدَّلْنَا مَكَانَ ٱلسَّيِّئَةِ ٱلْحَسَنَةَ حَتَّىٰ عَفَوا۟ وَّقَالُوا۟ قَدْ مَسَّ ءَابَآءَنَا ٱلضَّرَّآءُ وَٱلسَّرَّآءُ فَأَخَذْنَٰهُم بَغْتَةًۭ وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ
Then We exchanged in place of the bad [condition], good, until they increased [and prospered] and said, "Our fathers [also] were touched with hardship and ease." So We seized them suddenly while they did not perceive.
﴿ثُمَّ بَدَّلْنا﴾ أعْطَيْناهُمْ ﴿مَكان السَّيِّئَة﴾ العَذاب ﴿الحَسَنَة﴾ الغِنى والصِّحَّة ﴿حَتّى عَفَوْا﴾ كَثُرُوا ﴿وقالُوا﴾ كُفْرًا لِلنِّعْمَةِ ﴿قَدْ مَسَّ آباءَنا الضَّرّاء والسَّرّاء﴾ كَما مَسَّنا وهَذِهِ عادَة الدَّهْر ولَيْسَتْ بِعُقُوبَةٍ مِن اللَّه فَكُونُوا عَلى ما أنْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ ﴿فَأَخَذْناهُمْ﴾ بِالعَذابِ ﴿بَغْتَة﴾ فَجْأَة ﴿وهُمْ لا يَشْعُرُونَ﴾ بِوَقْتِ مَجِيئِهِ قَبْله
وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ ٱلْقُرَىٰٓ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَٱتَّقَوْا۟ لَفَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِم بَرَكَٰتٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلسَّمَآءِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَلَٰكِن كَذَّبُوا۟ فَأَخَذْنَٰهُم بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ
And if only the people of the cities had believed and feared Allah, We would have opened upon them blessings from the heaven and the earth; but they denied [the messengers], so We seized them for what they were earning."
﴿ولَوْ أنَّ أهْل القُرى﴾ المُكَذِّبِينَ ﴿آمَنُوا﴾ بِاللَّهِ ورُسُلهمْ ﴿واتَّقَوْا﴾ الكُفْر والمَعاصِي ﴿لَفَتَحْنا﴾ بِالتَّخْفِيفِ والتَّشْدِيد ﴿عَلَيْهِمْ بَرَكات مِن السَّماء﴾ بِالمَطَرِ ﴿والأَرْض﴾ بِالنَّباتِ ﴿ولَكِنْ كَذَّبُوا﴾ الرُّسُل ﴿فَأَخَذْناهُمْ﴾ عاقَبْناهُمْ
أَفَأَمِنَ أَهْلُ ٱلْقُرَىٰٓ أَن يَأْتِيَهُم بَأْسُنَا بَيَٰتًۭا وَهُمْ نَآئِمُونَ
Then, did the people of the cities feel secure from Our punishment coming to them at night while they were asleep?
﴿أفَأَمِنَ أهْل القُرى﴾ المُكَذِّبُونَ ﴿أنْ يَأْتِيهِمْ بَأْسنا﴾ عَذابنا ﴿بَياتًا﴾ لَيْلًا ﴿وهُمْ نائِمُونَ﴾ غافِلُونَ عَنْهُ
أَوَأَمِنَ أَهْلُ ٱلْقُرَىٰٓ أَن يَأْتِيَهُم بَأْسُنَا ضُحًۭى وَهُمْ يَلْعَبُونَ
Or did the people of the cities feel secure from Our punishment coming to them in the morning while they were at play?
﴿أوَأَمِنَ أهْل القُرى أنْ يَأْتِيهِمْ بَأْسنا ضُحًى﴾ نَهارًا
أَفَأَمِنُوا۟ مَكْرَ ٱللَّهِ ۚ فَلَا يَأْمَنُ مَكْرَ ٱللَّهِ إِلَّا ٱلْقَوْمُ ٱلْخَٰسِرُونَ
Then did they feel secure from the plan of Allah? But no one feels secure from the plan of Allah except the losing people.
﴿أفَأَمِنُوا مَكْر اللَّه﴾ اسْتِدْراجه إيّاهُمْ بِالنِّعْمَةِ وأَخْذهمْ بَغْتَة
أَوَلَمْ يَهْدِ لِلَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ ٱلْأَرْضَ مِنۢ بَعْدِ أَهْلِهَآ أَن لَّوْ نَشَآءُ أَصَبْنَٰهُم بِذُنُوبِهِمْ ۚ وَنَطْبَعُ عَلَىٰ قُلُوبِهِمْ فَهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُونَ
Has it not become clear to those who inherited the earth after its [previous] people that if We willed, We could afflict them for their sins? But We seal over their hearts so they do not hear.
﴿أوَلَمْ يَهْدِ﴾ يَتَبَيَّن ﴿لِلَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ الأَرْض﴾ بِالسُّكْنى ﴿مِن بَعْد﴾ هَلاك ﴿أهْلها أنْ﴾ مُخَفَّفَة واسْمها مَحْذُوف أيْ أنَّهُ ﴿لَوْ نَشاء أصَبْناهُمْ﴾ بِالعَذابِ ﴿بِذُنُوبِهِمْ﴾ كَما أصَبْنا مَن قَبْلهمْ والهَمْزَة فِي المَواضِع الأَرْبَعَة لِلتَّوْبِيخِ والفاء والواو الدّاخِلَة عَلَيْهِما لِلْعَطْفِ وفِي قِراءَة بِسُكُونِ الواو فِي المَوْضِع الأَوَّل عَطْفًا بِأَوْ ﴿ونَطْبَع﴾ نَحْنُ نَخْتِم ﴿عَلى قُلُوبهمْ فَهُمْ لا يَسْمَعُونَ﴾ المَوْعِظَة سَماع تَدَبُّر
Commentary: Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.
