سُورَةُ الأَعۡرَافِ
Reading Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti
Ayahs 41–50 of 206
لَهُم مِّن جَهَنَّمَ مِهَادٌۭ وَمِن فَوْقِهِمْ غَوَاشٍۢ ۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
They will have from Hell a bed and over them coverings [of fire]. And thus do We recompense the wrongdoers.
Hell shall be their bed and over them coverings of fire ghawāshin is the plural of ghāshiya and its nunation compensates for the omitted yā’. Thus do We requite the evildoers.
وَٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَآ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلْجَنَّةِ ۖ هُمْ فِيهَا خَٰلِدُونَ
But those who believed and did righteous deeds - We charge no soul except [within] its capacity. Those are the companions of Paradise; they will abide therein eternally.
And those who believe and perform righteous deeds wa’lladhīna āmanū wa-‘amilū’l-sālihāti is the subject We do not charge any soul beyond its scope its capacity for action lā nukallifu nafsan illā wus‘ahā ‘We do not charge any soul beyond its scope’ constitutes a parenthetical statement intervening between it the above subject and its predicate which is the following those are the inhabitants of Paradise abiding therein.
وَنَزَعْنَا مَا فِى صُدُورِهِم مِّنْ غِلٍّۢ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهِمُ ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ ۖ وَقَالُوا۟ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ ٱلَّذِى هَدَىٰنَا لِهَٰذَا وَمَا كُنَّا لِنَهْتَدِىَ لَوْلَآ أَنْ هَدَىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ ۖ لَقَدْ جَآءَتْ رُسُلُ رَبِّنَا بِٱلْحَقِّ ۖ وَنُودُوٓا۟ أَن تِلْكُمُ ٱلْجَنَّةُ أُورِثْتُمُوهَا بِمَا كُنتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ
And We will have removed whatever is within their breasts of resentment, [while] flowing beneath them are rivers. And they will say, "Praise to Allah, who has guided us to this; and we would never have been guided if Allah had not guided us. Certainly the messengers of our Lord had come with the truth." And they will be called, "This is Paradise, which you have been made to inherit for what you used to do."
We shall strip away all rancour all spite that existed between them in the world that is in their breasts; and beneath them beneath their palaces flow rivers; and they will say once they have settled in their dwellings ‘Praise be to God Who guided us to this action the reward of which is this Paradise; for we would surely never have been guided if God had not guided us the response to the conditional law lā ‘if … not’ is omitted because it is indicated by the preceding clause. Verily the messengers of our Lord did bring the truth.’ And it is cried to them an is read softened that is understand it as annahu; alternatively it is an explicative particle in all five places here and the four to follow ‘This is your Paradise; you have inherited it for what you used to do’.
وَنَادَىٰٓ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلْجَنَّةِ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلنَّارِ أَن قَدْ وَجَدْنَا مَا وَعَدَنَا رَبُّنَا حَقًّۭا فَهَلْ وَجَدتُّم مَّا وَعَدَ رَبُّكُمْ حَقًّۭا ۖ قَالُوا۟ نَعَمْ ۚ فَأَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنٌۢ بَيْنَهُمْ أَن لَّعْنَةُ ٱللَّهِ عَلَى ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
And the companions of Paradise will call out to the companions of the Fire, "We have already found what our Lord promised us to be true. Have you found what your Lord promised to be true?" They will say, "Yes." Then an announcer will announce among them, "The curse of Allah shall be upon the wrongdoers."
And the inhabitants of Paradise will call to the inhabitants of the Fire either in affirmation or in reprimand ‘We have found that which our Lord promised us in the way of reward to be true; have you found that chastisement which your Lord promised you to be true?’ They will say ‘Yes!’ And then a crier a caller shall proclaim between them between both parties making them hear that ‘God’s curse is on the evildoers
ٱلَّذِينَ يَصُدُّونَ عَن سَبِيلِ ٱللَّهِ وَيَبْغُونَهَا عِوَجًۭا وَهُم بِٱلْءَاخِرَةِ كَٰفِرُونَ
Who averted [people] from the way of Allah and sought to make it [seem] deviant while they were, concerning the Hereafter, disbelievers.
who bar people from God’s way from His religion desiring it that is they seek the way that is crooked disbelieving in the Hereafter’.
وَبَيْنَهُمَا حِجَابٌۭ ۚ وَعَلَى ٱلْأَعْرَافِ رِجَالٌۭ يَعْرِفُونَ كُلًّۢا بِسِيمَىٰهُمْ ۚ وَنَادَوْا۟ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ أَن سَلَٰمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ ۚ لَمْ يَدْخُلُوهَا وَهُمْ يَطْمَعُونَ
And between them will be a partition, and on [its] elevations are men who recognize all by their mark. And they call out to the companions of Paradise, "Peace be upon you." They have not [yet] entered it, but they long intensely.
And between them that is between the inhabitants of Paradise and those of the Fire is a veil a barrier said to be the wall of the Heights and on the Heights which is the wall of Paradise are men whose good deeds and evil deeds are equal as is stated in the hadīth who know each of the inhabitants of Paradise and those of the Fire by their mark — glowing faces in the case of the believers and blackened ones in the case of the disbelievers for they are able to see them their position being high — and they call to the inhabitants of Paradise ‘Peace be upon you!’ God exalted be He says They that is those men of the Heights have not entered it Paradise although they aspire to enter it. Al-Hasan al-Basrī said ‘God causes them to have this aspiration only because He desires to be generous to them’. Al-Hākim reported that Hudhayfa b. al-Yamān said ‘While they are in this situation God appears to them and says “Get up and enter Paradise for I have forgiven you”.’
۞ وَإِذَا صُرِفَتْ أَبْصَٰرُهُمْ تِلْقَآءَ أَصْحَٰبِ ٱلنَّارِ قَالُوا۟ رَبَّنَا لَا تَجْعَلْنَا مَعَ ٱلْقَوْمِ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ
And when their eyes are turned toward the companions of the Fire, they say, "Our Lord, do not place us with the wrongdoing people."
And when their eyes those of the men of the Heights are turned towards in the direction of the inhabitants of the Fire they shall say ‘Our Lord do not assign us to the Fire with the evildoing folk’.
وَنَادَىٰٓ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلْأَعْرَافِ رِجَالًۭا يَعْرِفُونَهُم بِسِيمَىٰهُمْ قَالُوا۟ مَآ أَغْنَىٰ عَنكُمْ جَمْعُكُمْ وَمَا كُنتُمْ تَسْتَكْبِرُونَ
And the companions of the Elevations will call to men [within Hell] whom they recognize by their mark, saying, "Of no avail to you was your gathering and [the fact] that you were arrogant."
And those of the Heights call to men from among the inhabitants of the Fire whom they know by their mark saying ‘Your masses of property or your multitude and your haughtiness that is your disdaining of belief have not availed you as protection against the Fire. And they also say to them pointing to those formerly oppressed Muslims
أَهَٰٓؤُلَآءِ ٱلَّذِينَ أَقْسَمْتُمْ لَا يَنَالُهُمُ ٱللَّهُ بِرَحْمَةٍ ۚ ٱدْخُلُوا۟ ٱلْجَنَّةَ لَا خَوْفٌ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَآ أَنتُمْ تَحْزَنُونَ
[Allah will say], "Are these the ones whom you [inhabitants of Hell] swore that Allah would never offer them mercy? Enter Paradise, [O People of the Elevations]. No fear will there be concerning you, nor will you grieve."
Are these the ones of whom you swore that God would never grant them mercy?’ it has already been said to them ‘Enter Paradise; no fear shall come upon you nor shall you grieve’ a variant reading for udkhulū ‘enter’ imperative second person plural has the passive udkhilū ‘they have been admitted’ or dakhalū ‘they entered’; the negation clause ‘no fear shall come upon you nor shall you grieve’ is a circumstantial qualifier in other words they enter Paradise while this is being said to them.
وَنَادَىٰٓ أَصْحَٰبُ ٱلنَّارِ أَصْحَٰبَ ٱلْجَنَّةِ أَنْ أَفِيضُوا۟ عَلَيْنَا مِنَ ٱلْمَآءِ أَوْ مِمَّا رَزَقَكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ۚ قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ حَرَّمَهُمَا عَلَى ٱلْكَٰفِرِينَ
And the companions of the Fire will call to the companions of Paradise, "Pour upon us some water or from whatever Allah has provided you." They will say, "Indeed, Allah has forbidden them both to the disbelievers."
And the inhabitants of the Fire call out to the inhabitants of Paradise saying ‘Pour on us some water or some of that food which God has provided you!’ They say ‘God has forbidden He has prohibited both to the disbelievers
Commentary: Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.
