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7. Al-A'raaf

The Heights · Meccan · 206 ayahs

سُورَةُ الأَعۡرَافِ

Reading Tafsir Ibn Kathir by Hafiz Ibn Kathir

Ayahs 121–130 of 206

121

قَالُوٓا۟ ءَامَنَّا بِرَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ

They said, "We have believed in the Lord of the worlds,

And We revealed to Musa (saying): "Throw your stick," and behold! It swallowed up straight away all the falsehood which they showed (117)Thus truth was confirmed, and all that they did was made of no effect (118)So they were defeated there and returned disgraced (119)And the sorcerers fell down prostrate (120)They said: "We believe in the Lord of all that exists (121)"The Lord of Musa and Harun. (122)

Musa defeats the Magicians, Who believe in Him

Allah states that at that tremendous moment, in which Allah differentiated between Truth and Falsehood, He sent a revelation to His servant and Messenger Musa, peace be upon him, ordering him to throw the stick that he held in his right hand,

فَإِذَا هِيَ تَلْقَفُ

(It swallowed straight away) and devoured,

مَا يَأْفِكُونَ

(all the falsehood which they showed.) the magic that they caused the illusion with, of magic with which they caused making it appear real, whereas it was not real at all. Ibn 'Abbas said that Musa's stick swallowed all the ropes and sticks that the magicians threw. The magicians realized that this was from heaven and was by no means magic. They fell in prostration and proclaimed,

آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ - رَبِّ مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُونَ

("We believe in the Lord of all that exists. The Lord of Musa and Harun ).

Muhammad bin Ishaq commented, "It followed the ropes and sticks one after another, until nothing that the sorcerers threw remained. Musa then held it in his hand, and it became a stick again just as it was before. The magicians fell in prostration and proclaimed, 'We believe in the Lord of all that exists, the Lord of Musa and Harun. Had Musa been a magician, he would not have prevailed over us.'" Al-Qasim bin Abi Bazzah commented, "Allah revealed to Musa to throw his stick. When he threw his stick, it became a huge, manifest snake that opened its mouth and swallowed the magicians' ropes and sticks. On that, the magicians fell in prostration. They did not raise their heads before seeing the Paradise, the Fire, and the recompense of their inhabitants."

Al-A'raaf 7:121Listen in Qur'an →
122

رَبِّ مُوسَىٰ وَهَٰرُونَ

The Lord of Moses and Aaron."

And We revealed to Musa (saying): "Throw your stick," and behold! It swallowed up straight away all the falsehood which they showed (117)Thus truth was confirmed, and all that they did was made of no effect (118)So they were defeated there and returned disgraced (119)And the sorcerers fell down prostrate (120)They said: "We believe in the Lord of all that exists (121)"The Lord of Musa and Harun. (122)

Musa defeats the Magicians, Who believe in Him

Allah states that at that tremendous moment, in which Allah differentiated between Truth and Falsehood, He sent a revelation to His servant and Messenger Musa, peace be upon him, ordering him to throw the stick that he held in his right hand,

فَإِذَا هِيَ تَلْقَفُ

(It swallowed straight away) and devoured,

مَا يَأْفِكُونَ

(all the falsehood which they showed.) the magic that they caused the illusion with, of magic with which they caused making it appear real, whereas it was not real at all. Ibn 'Abbas said that Musa's stick swallowed all the ropes and sticks that the magicians threw. The magicians realized that this was from heaven and was by no means magic. They fell in prostration and proclaimed,

آمَنَّا بِرَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ - رَبِّ مُوسَىٰ وَهَارُونَ

("We believe in the Lord of all that exists. The Lord of Musa and Harun ).

Muhammad bin Ishaq commented, "It followed the ropes and sticks one after another, until nothing that the sorcerers threw remained. Musa then held it in his hand, and it became a stick again just as it was before. The magicians fell in prostration and proclaimed, 'We believe in the Lord of all that exists, the Lord of Musa and Harun. Had Musa been a magician, he would not have prevailed over us.'" Al-Qasim bin Abi Bazzah commented, "Allah revealed to Musa to throw his stick. When he threw his stick, it became a huge, manifest snake that opened its mouth and swallowed the magicians' ropes and sticks. On that, the magicians fell in prostration. They did not raise their heads before seeing the Paradise, the Fire, and the recompense of their inhabitants."

Al-A'raaf 7:122Listen in Qur'an →
123

قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ ءَامَنتُم بِهِۦ قَبْلَ أَنْ ءَاذَنَ لَكُمْ ۖ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌۭ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِى ٱلْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا۟ مِنْهَآ أَهْلَهَا ۖ فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

Said Pharaoh, "You believed in him before I gave you permission. Indeed, this is a conspiracy which you conspired in the city to expel therefrom its people. But you are going to know.

Fir'awn said: "You have believed in him [Musa] before I gave you permission. Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people, but you shall come to know. (123)"Surely, I will cut off your hands and your feet from opposite sides, then I will crucify you all. (124)They said: "Verily, we are returning to our Lord. (125)"And you take vengeance on us only because we believed in the Ayat of our Lord when they reached us! Our Lord! pour out on us patience, and cause us to die as Muslims. (126)

Fir'awn threatens the Magicians after They believed in Musa and Their Response to Him

Allah mentions the threats that the Fir'awn - may Allah curse him - made to the magicians after they believed Musa, peace be upon him, and the deceit and cunning that Fir'awn showed the people. Fir'awn said,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا

(Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people,) meaning Fir'awn proclaimed, 'Musa's defeating you today was because you plotted with him and agreed to that.' Fir'awn also said,

إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ

(He (Musa) is your chief who has taught you magic.)[20:71]

However, Fir'awn and all those who had any sense of reason knew for sure that what Fir'awn said was utterly false. As soon as Musa came from Madyan, he called Fir'awn to Allah and demonstrated tremendous miracles and clear proofs for the Truth that he brought. Fir'awn then sent emissaries to various cities of his kingdom and collected magicians who were scattered throughout Egypt. Fir'awn and his people chose from them, summoned them, and Fir'awn promised them great rewards. These magicians were very eager to prevail over Musa in front of Fir'awn, so that they might become closer to him. Musa neither knew any of them nor saw or met them before. Fir'awn knew that, but he claimed otherwise to deceive the ignorant masses of his kingdom, just as Allah described them,

فَاسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُ فَأَطَاعُوهُ

(Thus he [Fir'awn] fooled his people, and they obeyed him.)[43:54]

Certainly, a people who believed Fir'awn in his statement,

أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلَىٰ

("I am your lord, most high.")[79:24], are among the most ignorant and misguided creatures of Allah.

In his Tafsir, As-Suddi reported that Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Abbas, and several other Companions, commented,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ

("Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city...")

"Musa met the leader of the magicians and said to him, 'If I defeat you, will you believe in me and bear witness that what I brought is the truth?' The magician said, 'Tomorrow, I will produce a type of magic that cannot be defeated by another magic. By Allah! If you defeat me, I will believe in you and testify to your truth.' Fir'awn was watching them, and this is why he said what he said." His statement,

لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا

("to drive out its people"), means, so that you all cooperate to gain influence and power, replacing the chiefs and masters of this land. In this case, power in the state will be yours,

فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

("but you shall …

Al-A'raaf 7:123Listen in Qur'an →
124

لَأُقَطِّعَنَّ أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُم مِّنْ خِلَٰفٍۢ ثُمَّ لَأُصَلِّبَنَّكُمْ أَجْمَعِينَ

I will surely cut off your hands and your feet on opposite sides; then I will surely crucify you all."

Fir'awn said: "You have believed in him [Musa] before I gave you permission. Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people, but you shall come to know. (123)"Surely, I will cut off your hands and your feet from opposite sides, then I will crucify you all. (124)They said: "Verily, we are returning to our Lord. (125)"And you take vengeance on us only because we believed in the Ayat of our Lord when they reached us! Our Lord! pour out on us patience, and cause us to die as Muslims. (126)

Fir'awn threatens the Magicians after They believed in Musa and Their Response to Him

Allah mentions the threats that the Fir'awn - may Allah curse him - made to the magicians after they believed Musa, peace be upon him, and the deceit and cunning that Fir'awn showed the people. Fir'awn said,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا

(Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people,) meaning Fir'awn proclaimed, 'Musa's defeating you today was because you plotted with him and agreed to that.' Fir'awn also said,

إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ

(He (Musa) is your chief who has taught you magic.)[20:71]

However, Fir'awn and all those who had any sense of reason knew for sure that what Fir'awn said was utterly false. As soon as Musa came from Madyan, he called Fir'awn to Allah and demonstrated tremendous miracles and clear proofs for the Truth that he brought. Fir'awn then sent emissaries to various cities of his kingdom and collected magicians who were scattered throughout Egypt. Fir'awn and his people chose from them, summoned them, and Fir'awn promised them great rewards. These magicians were very eager to prevail over Musa in front of Fir'awn, so that they might become closer to him. Musa neither knew any of them nor saw or met them before. Fir'awn knew that, but he claimed otherwise to deceive the ignorant masses of his kingdom, just as Allah described them,

فَاسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُ فَأَطَاعُوهُ

(Thus he [Fir'awn] fooled his people, and they obeyed him.)[43:54]

Certainly, a people who believed Fir'awn in his statement,

أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلَىٰ

("I am your lord, most high.")[79:24], are among the most ignorant and misguided creatures of Allah.

In his Tafsir, As-Suddi reported that Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Abbas, and several other Companions, commented,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ

("Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city...")

"Musa met the leader of the magicians and said to him, 'If I defeat you, will you believe in me and bear witness that what I brought is the truth?' The magician said, 'Tomorrow, I will produce a type of magic that cannot be defeated by another magic. By Allah! If you defeat me, I will believe in you and testify to your truth.' Fir'awn was watching them, and this is why he said what he said." His statement,

لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا

("to drive out its people"), means, so that you all cooperate to gain influence and power, replacing the chiefs and masters of this land. In this case, power in the state will be yours,

فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

("but you shall …

Al-A'raaf 7:124Listen in Qur'an →
125

قَالُوٓا۟ إِنَّآ إِلَىٰ رَبِّنَا مُنقَلِبُونَ

They said, "Indeed, to our Lord we will return.

Fir'awn said: "You have believed in him [Musa] before I gave you permission. Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people, but you shall come to know. (123)"Surely, I will cut off your hands and your feet from opposite sides, then I will crucify you all. (124)They said: "Verily, we are returning to our Lord. (125)"And you take vengeance on us only because we believed in the Ayat of our Lord when they reached us! Our Lord! pour out on us patience, and cause us to die as Muslims. (126)

Fir'awn threatens the Magicians after They believed in Musa and Their Response to Him

Allah mentions the threats that the Fir'awn - may Allah curse him - made to the magicians after they believed Musa, peace be upon him, and the deceit and cunning that Fir'awn showed the people. Fir'awn said,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا

(Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people,) meaning Fir'awn proclaimed, 'Musa's defeating you today was because you plotted with him and agreed to that.' Fir'awn also said,

إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ

(He (Musa) is your chief who has taught you magic.)[20:71]

However, Fir'awn and all those who had any sense of reason knew for sure that what Fir'awn said was utterly false. As soon as Musa came from Madyan, he called Fir'awn to Allah and demonstrated tremendous miracles and clear proofs for the Truth that he brought. Fir'awn then sent emissaries to various cities of his kingdom and collected magicians who were scattered throughout Egypt. Fir'awn and his people chose from them, summoned them, and Fir'awn promised them great rewards. These magicians were very eager to prevail over Musa in front of Fir'awn, so that they might become closer to him. Musa neither knew any of them nor saw or met them before. Fir'awn knew that, but he claimed otherwise to deceive the ignorant masses of his kingdom, just as Allah described them,

فَاسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُ فَأَطَاعُوهُ

(Thus he [Fir'awn] fooled his people, and they obeyed him.)[43:54]

Certainly, a people who believed Fir'awn in his statement,

أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلَىٰ

("I am your lord, most high.")[79:24], are among the most ignorant and misguided creatures of Allah.

In his Tafsir, As-Suddi reported that Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Abbas, and several other Companions, commented,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ

("Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city...")

"Musa met the leader of the magicians and said to him, 'If I defeat you, will you believe in me and bear witness that what I brought is the truth?' The magician said, 'Tomorrow, I will produce a type of magic that cannot be defeated by another magic. By Allah! If you defeat me, I will believe in you and testify to your truth.' Fir'awn was watching them, and this is why he said what he said." His statement,

لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا

("to drive out its people"), means, so that you all cooperate to gain influence and power, replacing the chiefs and masters of this land. In this case, power in the state will be yours,

فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

("but you shall …

Al-A'raaf 7:125Listen in Qur'an →
126

وَمَا تَنقِمُ مِنَّآ إِلَّآ أَنْ ءَامَنَّا بِـَٔايَٰتِ رَبِّنَا لَمَّا جَآءَتْنَا ۚ رَبَّنَآ أَفْرِغْ عَلَيْنَا صَبْرًۭا وَتَوَفَّنَا مُسْلِمِينَ

And you do not resent us except because we believed in the signs of our Lord when they came to us. Our Lord, pour upon us patience and let us die as Muslims [in submission to You]."

Fir'awn said: "You have believed in him [Musa] before I gave you permission. Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people, but you shall come to know. (123)"Surely, I will cut off your hands and your feet from opposite sides, then I will crucify you all. (124)They said: "Verily, we are returning to our Lord. (125)"And you take vengeance on us only because we believed in the Ayat of our Lord when they reached us! Our Lord! pour out on us patience, and cause us to die as Muslims. (126)

Fir'awn threatens the Magicians after They believed in Musa and Their Response to Him

Allah mentions the threats that the Fir'awn - may Allah curse him - made to the magicians after they believed Musa, peace be upon him, and the deceit and cunning that Fir'awn showed the people. Fir'awn said,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا

(Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city to drive out its people,) meaning Fir'awn proclaimed, 'Musa's defeating you today was because you plotted with him and agreed to that.' Fir'awn also said,

إِنَّهُ لَكَبِيرُكُمُ الَّذِي عَلَّمَكُمُ السِّحْرَ

(He (Musa) is your chief who has taught you magic.)[20:71]

However, Fir'awn and all those who had any sense of reason knew for sure that what Fir'awn said was utterly false. As soon as Musa came from Madyan, he called Fir'awn to Allah and demonstrated tremendous miracles and clear proofs for the Truth that he brought. Fir'awn then sent emissaries to various cities of his kingdom and collected magicians who were scattered throughout Egypt. Fir'awn and his people chose from them, summoned them, and Fir'awn promised them great rewards. These magicians were very eager to prevail over Musa in front of Fir'awn, so that they might become closer to him. Musa neither knew any of them nor saw or met them before. Fir'awn knew that, but he claimed otherwise to deceive the ignorant masses of his kingdom, just as Allah described them,

فَاسْتَخَفَّ قَوْمَهُ فَأَطَاعُوهُ

(Thus he [Fir'awn] fooled his people, and they obeyed him.)[43:54]

Certainly, a people who believed Fir'awn in his statement,

أَنَا رَبُّكُمُ الْأَعْلَىٰ

("I am your lord, most high.")[79:24], are among the most ignorant and misguided creatures of Allah.

In his Tafsir, As-Suddi reported that Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Abbas, and several other Companions, commented,

إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَمَكْرٌ مَّكَرْتُمُوهُ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ

("Surely, this is a plot which you have plotted in the city...")

"Musa met the leader of the magicians and said to him, 'If I defeat you, will you believe in me and bear witness that what I brought is the truth?' The magician said, 'Tomorrow, I will produce a type of magic that cannot be defeated by another magic. By Allah! If you defeat me, I will believe in you and testify to your truth.' Fir'awn was watching them, and this is why he said what he said." His statement,

لِتُخْرِجُوا مِنْهَا أَهْلَهَا

("to drive out its people"), means, so that you all cooperate to gain influence and power, replacing the chiefs and masters of this land. In this case, power in the state will be yours,

فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

("but you shall …

Al-A'raaf 7:126Listen in Qur'an →
127

وَقَالَ ٱلْمَلَأُ مِن قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ أَتَذَرُ مُوسَىٰ وَقَوْمَهُۥ لِيُفْسِدُوا۟ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَيَذَرَكَ وَءَالِهَتَكَ ۚ قَالَ سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبْنَآءَهُمْ وَنَسْتَحْىِۦ نِسَآءَهُمْ وَإِنَّا فَوْقَهُمْ قَٰهِرُونَ

And the eminent among the people of Pharaoh said," Will you leave Moses and his people to cause corruption in the land and abandon you and your gods?" [Pharaoh] said, "We will kill their sons and keep their women alive; and indeed, we are subjugators over them."

The chiefs of Fir'awn's people said: "Will you leave Musa and his people to spread mischief in the land, and to abandon you and your gods?" He said: "We will kill their sons, and let their women live, and we have indeed irresistible power over them. (127)Musa said to his people: "Seek help in Allah and be patient. Verily, the earth is Allah's. He gives it as a heritage to whom He wills of His servants; and the (blessed) end is for the pious and righteous persons. (128)They said: "We suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us." He said: "It may be that your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you successors on the earth, so that He may see how you act? (129)

Fir'awn vows to kill the Children of Israel, Who complain to Musa; Allah promises Them Victory

Allah mentions the conspiracy of Fir'awn and his people, their ill intentions and their hatred for Musa and his people.

وَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ مِن قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ

(The chiefs of Fir'awn's people said), to Fir'awn,

أَتَذَرُ مُوسَىٰ وَقَوْمَهُ

("Will you leave Musa and his people"), will you let them be free,

لِيُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ

("to spread mischief in the land"), spreading unrest among your subjects and calling them to worship their Lord instead of you?

Amazingly, these people were worried that Musa and his people would cause mischief! Rather, Fir'awn and his people are the mischief-makers, but they did not realize it. They said,

وَيَذَرَكَ وَآلِهَتَكَ

("and to abandon you and your gods")

Your gods', according to Ibn 'Abbas, as As-Suddi narrated from him, "Were cows. Whenever they saw a beautiful cow, Fir'awn would command them to worship it. This is why As-Samiri, made the statue of a calf that seemed to moo for the Children of Israel." Fir'awn accepted his people's recommendation, saying,

سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَنَسْتَحْيِي نِسَاءَهُمْ

("We will kill their sons, and let their women live") thus reiterating his previous order concerning the Children of Israel. He had tormented them [killing every newly born male] before Musa was born, so that Musa would not live. However, the opposite of what Fir'awn sought and intended occurred. The same end struck Fir'awn that he intended to subjugate and humiliate the Children of Israel with. Allah gave victory to the Children of Israel, humiliated and disgraced Fir'awn, and caused him to drown along with his soldiers.

When Fir'awn insisted on his evil plot against the Children of Israel,

قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ اسْتَعِينُوا بِاللَّهِ وَاصْبِرُوا

(Musa said to his people: "Seek help in Allah and be patient") and promised them that the good end will be theirs and that they will prevail, saying,

إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ - قَالُوا أُوذِينَا مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا وَمِن بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا

("Verily, the earth is Allah's. He gives it as a heritage to whom He wills of His servants; and the (blessed) end is for the pious and righteous persons." They said: "We suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us.")

The Children of Israel replied to Musa, 'they (Fir'awn and his people) inflicted humiliation and disgrace on …

Al-A'raaf 7:127Listen in Qur'an →
128

قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ ٱسْتَعِينُوا۟ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱصْبِرُوٓا۟ ۖ إِنَّ ٱلْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَآءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِۦ ۖ وَٱلْعَٰقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ

Said Moses to his people, "Seek help through Allah and be patient. Indeed, the earth belongs to Allah. He causes to inherit it whom He wills of His servants. And the [best] outcome is for the righteous."

The chiefs of Fir'awn's people said: "Will you leave Musa and his people to spread mischief in the land, and to abandon you and your gods?" He said: "We will kill their sons, and let their women live, and we have indeed irresistible power over them. (127)Musa said to his people: "Seek help in Allah and be patient. Verily, the earth is Allah's. He gives it as a heritage to whom He wills of His servants; and the (blessed) end is for the pious and righteous persons. (128)They said: "We suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us." He said: "It may be that your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you successors on the earth, so that He may see how you act? (129)

Fir'awn vows to kill the Children of Israel, Who complain to Musa; Allah promises Them Victory

Allah mentions the conspiracy of Fir'awn and his people, their ill intentions and their hatred for Musa and his people.

وَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ مِن قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ

(The chiefs of Fir'awn's people said), to Fir'awn,

أَتَذَرُ مُوسَىٰ وَقَوْمَهُ

("Will you leave Musa and his people"), will you let them be free,

لِيُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ

("to spread mischief in the land"), spreading unrest among your subjects and calling them to worship their Lord instead of you?

Amazingly, these people were worried that Musa and his people would cause mischief! Rather, Fir'awn and his people are the mischief-makers, but they did not realize it. They said,

وَيَذَرَكَ وَآلِهَتَكَ

("and to abandon you and your gods")

Your gods', according to Ibn 'Abbas, as As-Suddi narrated from him, "Were cows. Whenever they saw a beautiful cow, Fir'awn would command them to worship it. This is why As-Samiri, made the statue of a calf that seemed to moo for the Children of Israel." Fir'awn accepted his people's recommendation, saying,

سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَنَسْتَحْيِي نِسَاءَهُمْ

("We will kill their sons, and let their women live") thus reiterating his previous order concerning the Children of Israel. He had tormented them [killing every newly born male] before Musa was born, so that Musa would not live. However, the opposite of what Fir'awn sought and intended occurred. The same end struck Fir'awn that he intended to subjugate and humiliate the Children of Israel with. Allah gave victory to the Children of Israel, humiliated and disgraced Fir'awn, and caused him to drown along with his soldiers.

When Fir'awn insisted on his evil plot against the Children of Israel,

قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ اسْتَعِينُوا بِاللَّهِ وَاصْبِرُوا

(Musa said to his people: "Seek help in Allah and be patient") and promised them that the good end will be theirs and that they will prevail, saying,

إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ - قَالُوا أُوذِينَا مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا وَمِن بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا

("Verily, the earth is Allah's. He gives it as a heritage to whom He wills of His servants; and the (blessed) end is for the pious and righteous persons." They said: "We suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us.")

The Children of Israel replied to Musa, 'they (Fir'awn and his people) inflicted humiliation and disgrace on …

Al-A'raaf 7:128Listen in Qur'an →
129

قَالُوٓا۟ أُوذِينَا مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا وَمِنۢ بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا ۚ قَالَ عَسَىٰ رَبُّكُمْ أَن يُهْلِكَ عَدُوَّكُمْ وَيَسْتَخْلِفَكُمْ فِى ٱلْأَرْضِ فَيَنظُرَ كَيْفَ تَعْمَلُونَ

They said, "We have been harmed before you came to us and after you have come to us." He said, "Perhaps your Lord will destroy your enemy and grant you succession in the land and see how you will do."

The chiefs of Fir'awn's people said: "Will you leave Musa and his people to spread mischief in the land, and to abandon you and your gods?" He said: "We will kill their sons, and let their women live, and we have indeed irresistible power over them. (127)Musa said to his people: "Seek help in Allah and be patient. Verily, the earth is Allah's. He gives it as a heritage to whom He wills of His servants; and the (blessed) end is for the pious and righteous persons. (128)They said: "We suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us." He said: "It may be that your Lord will destroy your enemy and make you successors on the earth, so that He may see how you act? (129)

Fir'awn vows to kill the Children of Israel, Who complain to Musa; Allah promises Them Victory

Allah mentions the conspiracy of Fir'awn and his people, their ill intentions and their hatred for Musa and his people.

وَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ مِن قَوْمِ فِرْعَوْنَ

(The chiefs of Fir'awn's people said), to Fir'awn,

أَتَذَرُ مُوسَىٰ وَقَوْمَهُ

("Will you leave Musa and his people"), will you let them be free,

لِيُفْسِدُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ

("to spread mischief in the land"), spreading unrest among your subjects and calling them to worship their Lord instead of you?

Amazingly, these people were worried that Musa and his people would cause mischief! Rather, Fir'awn and his people are the mischief-makers, but they did not realize it. They said,

وَيَذَرَكَ وَآلِهَتَكَ

("and to abandon you and your gods")

Your gods', according to Ibn 'Abbas, as As-Suddi narrated from him, "Were cows. Whenever they saw a beautiful cow, Fir'awn would command them to worship it. This is why As-Samiri, made the statue of a calf that seemed to moo for the Children of Israel." Fir'awn accepted his people's recommendation, saying,

سَنُقَتِّلُ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَنَسْتَحْيِي نِسَاءَهُمْ

("We will kill their sons, and let their women live") thus reiterating his previous order concerning the Children of Israel. He had tormented them [killing every newly born male] before Musa was born, so that Musa would not live. However, the opposite of what Fir'awn sought and intended occurred. The same end struck Fir'awn that he intended to subjugate and humiliate the Children of Israel with. Allah gave victory to the Children of Israel, humiliated and disgraced Fir'awn, and caused him to drown along with his soldiers.

When Fir'awn insisted on his evil plot against the Children of Israel,

قَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِقَوْمِهِ اسْتَعِينُوا بِاللَّهِ وَاصْبِرُوا

(Musa said to his people: "Seek help in Allah and be patient") and promised them that the good end will be theirs and that they will prevail, saying,

إِنَّ الْأَرْضَ لِلَّهِ يُورِثُهَا مَن يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ وَالْعَاقِبَةُ لِلْمُتَّقِينَ - قَالُوا أُوذِينَا مِن قَبْلِ أَن تَأْتِيَنَا وَمِن بَعْدِ مَا جِئْتَنَا

("Verily, the earth is Allah's. He gives it as a heritage to whom He wills of His servants; and the (blessed) end is for the pious and righteous persons." They said: "We suffered troubles before you came to us, and since you have come to us.")

The Children of Israel replied to Musa, 'they (Fir'awn and his people) inflicted humiliation and disgrace on …

Al-A'raaf 7:129Listen in Qur'an →
130

وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَآ ءَالَ فِرْعَوْنَ بِٱلسِّنِينَ وَنَقْصٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلثَّمَرَٰتِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ

And We certainly seized the people of Pharaoh with years of famine and a deficiency in fruits that perhaps they would be reminded.

And indeed We punished the people of Fir'awn with years of drought and lack of fruits (crops), that they might remember (take heed)(130)But whenever good came to them, they said: "This is for us." And if evil afflicted them, they considered it an omen about Musa and those with him. Be informed! Verily, their omens are with Allah but most of them know not (131)

Fir'awn and His People suffer Years of Drought

Allah said,

وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ

(And indeed We punished the people of Fir'awn) We tested and tried them,

بِالسِّنِينَ

(with years of drought) of famine due to little produce,

وَنَقْصٍ مِّنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ

(and lack of fruits), which is less severe, according to Mujahid. Abu Ishaq narrated that Raja' bin Haywah said, "The date tree used to produce only one date!"

لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ - فَإِذَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْحَسَنَةُ

(That they might remember (take heed). But whenever good came to them) such as a fertile season and provisions,

قَالُوا لَنَا هَٰذِهِ

(they said, "This is for us."), because we deserve it,

وَإِن تُصِبْهُمْ سَيِّئَةٌ

(and if evil afflicted them) drought and famine,

يَطَّيَّرُوا بِمُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُ

(they considered it an omen Musa and those with him.) saying that this hardship is because of them and what they have done.

أَلَا إِنَّمَا طَائِرُهُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ

(Verily, their omens are with Allah) 'Ali bin Abi Talhah reported that Ibn 'Abbas commented on the Ayah,

أَلَا إِنَّمَا طَائِرُهُمْ عِندَ اللَّهِ

(Verily, their omens are with Allah) "Allah says that their afflictions are with and from Him,

وَلَٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

(but most of them know not.)"

Al-A'raaf 7:130Listen in Qur'an →

Commentary: Tafsir Ibn Kathir by Hafiz Ibn Kathir. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.