6. Al-An'aam

They did not estimate Allah with an estimation due to Him when they said: "Nothing did Allah send down to any human being (by inspiration)." Say : "Who then sent down the Book which Musa brought, a light and a guidance to mankind which you (the Jews) have made into (separate) papersheets, disclosing (some of it) and concealing much. And you were taught that which neither you nor your fathers knew." Say: "Allah (sent it down)." Then leave them to play in their vain discussions (91)And this is a blessed Book which We have sent down, confirming what came before it, so that you may warn the Mother of Towns and all those around it. Those who believe in the Hereafter believe in it, and they are constant in guarding their Salah (92)

The Messenger is but a Human to Whom the Book was Revealed by Inspiration

Allah says that those who rejected His Messengers did not give Allah due consideration. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and 'Abdullah bin Kathir said that this Ayah was revealed about the Quraysh. It was also said that it was revealed about some Jews.

قَالُوا مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ بَشَرٍ مِّن شَيْءٍ

(They said: "Nothing did Allah send down to any human being (by inspiration).") Allah also, said,

أَكَانَ لِلنَّاسِ عَجَبًا أَنْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ رَجُلٍ مِّنْهُمْ أَنْ أَنذِرِ النَّاسَ

(Is it a wonder for mankind that We have inspired to a man from among themselves (saying): "Warn mankind.")[10:2], and,

وَمَا مَنَعَ النَّاسَ أَن يُؤْمِنُوا إِذْ جَاءَهُمُ الْهُدَىٰ إِلَّا أَن قَالُوا أَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ بَشَرًا رَّسُولًا - قُل لَّوْ كَانَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَلَائِكَةٌ يَمْشُونَ مُطْمَئِنِّينَ لَنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَلَكًا رَّسُولًا

(And nothing prevented men from believing when the guidance came to them, except that they said: "Has Allah sent a man as Messenger?" Say: "If there were on the earth, angels walking about in peace and security, We should certainly have sent down for them from the heaven an angel as a Messenger.")[17:94-95]. Allah said here,

وَمَا قَدَرُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ إِذْ قَالُوا مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ بَشَرٍ مِّن شَيْءٍ

(They did not estimate Allah with an estimation due to Him when they said: "Nothing did Allah send down to any human being (by inspiration).") Allah answered them,

قُلْ مَنْ أَنزَلَ الْكِتَابَ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَىٰ نُورًا وَهُدًى لِّلنَّاسِ

(Say : "Who then sent down the Book which Musa brought, a light and a guidance to mankind?") meaning, say, O Muhammad ﷺ, to those who deny the concept that Allah sent down Books by revelation, answering them specifically,

مَنْ أَنزَلَ الْكِتَابَ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَىٰ

(Who then sent down the Book which Musa brought?) in reference to the Tawrah that you and all others know that Allah sent down to Musa, son of 'Imran. Allah sent the Tawrah as a light and a guidance for people, so that it could shed light on the answers to various disputes, and to guide away from the darkness of doubts. Allah's statement, .

تَجْعَلُونَهُ قَرَاطِيسَ تُبْدُونَهَا وَتُخْفُونَ كَثِيرًا

(which you have made into (separate) papersheets, disclosing (some of it) and concealing (much).) means, you made the Tawrah into separate sheets which you copied from the original and …

They did not estimate Allah with an estimation due to Him when they said: "Nothing did Allah send down to any human being (by inspiration)." Say : "Who then sent down the Book which Musa brought, a light and a guidance to mankind which you (the Jews) have made into (separate) papersheets, disclosing (some of it) and concealing much. And you were taught that which neither you nor your fathers knew." Say: "Allah (sent it down)." Then leave them to play in their vain discussions (91)And this is a blessed Book which We have sent down, confirming what came before it, so that you may warn the Mother of Towns and all those around it. Those who believe in the Hereafter believe in it, and they are constant in guarding their Salah (92)

The Messenger is but a Human to Whom the Book was Revealed by Inspiration

Allah says that those who rejected His Messengers did not give Allah due consideration. Ibn 'Abbas, Mujahid and 'Abdullah bin Kathir said that this Ayah was revealed about the Quraysh. It was also said that it was revealed about some Jews.

قَالُوا مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ بَشَرٍ مِّن شَيْءٍ

(They said: "Nothing did Allah send down to any human being (by inspiration).") Allah also, said,

أَكَانَ لِلنَّاسِ عَجَبًا أَنْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ رَجُلٍ مِّنْهُمْ أَنْ أَنذِرِ النَّاسَ

(Is it a wonder for mankind that We have inspired to a man from among themselves (saying): "Warn mankind.")[10:2], and,

وَمَا مَنَعَ النَّاسَ أَن يُؤْمِنُوا إِذْ جَاءَهُمُ الْهُدَىٰ إِلَّا أَن قَالُوا أَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ بَشَرًا رَّسُولًا - قُل لَّوْ كَانَ فِي الْأَرْضِ مَلَائِكَةٌ يَمْشُونَ مُطْمَئِنِّينَ لَنَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْهِم مِّنَ السَّمَاءِ مَلَكًا رَّسُولًا

(And nothing prevented men from believing when the guidance came to them, except that they said: "Has Allah sent a man as Messenger?" Say: "If there were on the earth, angels walking about in peace and security, We should certainly have sent down for them from the heaven an angel as a Messenger.")[17:94-95]. Allah said here,

وَمَا قَدَرُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ قَدْرِهِ إِذْ قَالُوا مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ بَشَرٍ مِّن شَيْءٍ

(They did not estimate Allah with an estimation due to Him when they said: "Nothing did Allah send down to any human being (by inspiration).") Allah answered them,

قُلْ مَنْ أَنزَلَ الْكِتَابَ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَىٰ نُورًا وَهُدًى لِّلنَّاسِ

(Say : "Who then sent down the Book which Musa brought, a light and a guidance to mankind?") meaning, say, O Muhammad ﷺ, to those who deny the concept that Allah sent down Books by revelation, answering them specifically,

مَنْ أَنزَلَ الْكِتَابَ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ مُوسَىٰ

(Who then sent down the Book which Musa brought?) in reference to the Tawrah that you and all others know that Allah sent down to Musa, son of 'Imran. Allah sent the Tawrah as a light and a guidance for people, so that it could shed light on the answers to various disputes, and to guide away from the darkness of doubts. Allah's statement, .

تَجْعَلُونَهُ قَرَاطِيسَ تُبْدُونَهَا وَتُخْفُونَ كَثِيرًا

(which you have made into (separate) papersheets, disclosing (some of it) and concealing (much).) means, you made the Tawrah into separate sheets which you copied from the original and …

And who can be more unjust than he who invents a lie against Allah, or says: "I have received inspiration," whereas he is not inspired in anything; and who says, "I will reveal the like of what Allah has revealed." And if you could but see when the wrongdoers are in the agonies of death, while the angels are stretching forth their hands (saying): "Deliver your souls! This day you shall be recompensed with the torment of degradation because of what you used to utter against Allah other than the truth. And you used to reject His Ayat with disrespect! (93)And truly you have come unto Us alone, as We created you the first time. You have left behind you all that which We had bestowed on you. We see not with you your intercessors whom you claimed to be your partners. Now you and they have been cut off, and all that you used to claim has vanished from you (94)

None is Worse Than One who Invents a Lie Against Allah and Claims that Revelation Came to Him

Allah said,

وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنِ افْتَرَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ كَذِبًا

(And who can be more unjust than he who invents a lie against Allah,)

Therefore, none is more unjust than one who lies about Allah claiming that He has partners or a son, or falsely claiming that Allah sent him as a Prophet;

أَوْ قَالَ أُوحِيَ إِلَيَّ وَلَمْ يُوحَ إِلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ

(or says: "I have received inspiration," whereas he is not inspired with anything;)

'Ikrimah and Qatadah said that this Ayah was revealed about Musaylimah Al-Kadhdhab.

وَمَن قَالَ سَأُنزِلُ مِثْلَ مَا أَنزَلَ اللَّهُ

(and who says, "I will reveal the like of what Allah has revealed.")

This refers to he, who claims that the lies he invents rival the revelation that came from Allah. In another Ayah, Allah said,

وَإِذَا تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتُنَا قَالُوا قَدْ سَمِعْنَا لَوْ نَشَاءُ لَقُلْنَا مِثْلَ هَٰذَا

(And when Our verses (of the Qur'an) are recited to them, they say: "We have heard this (the Qur'an); if we wish we can say the like of this.")

The Condition of These Unjust People Upon Death and on the Day of Resurrection

Allah, the Most Honored, said,

وَلَوْ تَرَىٰ إِذِ الظَّالِمُونَ فِي غَمَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ

(And if you could but see when the wrongdoers are in the agonies of death...) suffering from the hardhips, agonies and afflictions of death,

وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ بَاسِطُو أَيْدِيهِمْ

(while the angels are stretching forth their hands...) beating them. Allah said in other Ayat:

لَئِن بَسَطتَ إِلَيَّ يَدَكَ لِتَقْتُلَنِي

(If you do stretch your hand against me to kill me..)[5:28] and,

وَيَبْسُطُوا إِلَيْكُمْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ وَأَلْسِنَتَهُم بِالسُّوءِ

(And stretch forth their hands and their tongues against you with evil.)[60:2]

Ad-Dahhak and Abu Salih said that, 'stretch forth their hands,' means, 'with torment'. In another Ayah, Allah said,

وَلَوْ تَرَىٰ إِذْ يَتَوَفَّى الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا الْمَلَائِكَةُ يَضْرِبُونَ وُجُوهَهُمْ وَأَدْبَارَهُمْ

(And if you could see when the angels take away the souls of those who disbelieve they smite their faces and their backs.)[8:50] Allah said,

وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ بَاسِطُو أَيْدِيهِمْ

(while the angels are stretching forth their hands) beating them, until their souls leave their bodies, saying, …

Verily! It is Allah Who causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout. He brings forth the living from the dead, and it is He Who brings forth the dead from the living. Such is Allah, then how are you deluded away from the truth (95)(He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting, and the sun and the moon for reckoning. Such is the measuring of the Almighty, the All-Knowing (96)It is He Who has set the stars for you, so that you may guide your course with their help through the darkness of the land and the sea. We have (indeed) explained in detail Our Ayat for people who know (97)

Recognizing Allah Through Some of His Ayat

Allah states that He causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout in the ground, producing various types, colors, shapes, and tastes of grains and produce. The Ayah,

فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَىٰ

(Who causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout.) is explained by the next statement,

يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ

(He brings forth the living from the dead, and it is He Who brings forth the deed from the living.) meaning, He brings the living plant from the seed grain and the fruit stone, which is a lifless and inanimate object. Allah said,

وَآيَةٌ لَّهُمُ الْأَرْضُ الْمَيْتَةُ أَحْيَيْنَاهَا وَأَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهَا حَبًّا فَمِنْهُ يَأْكُلُونَ

(And a sign for them is the dead land. We gave it life, and We brought forth from it grains, so that they eat thereof.)[36:33] until,

وَمِنْ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَمِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

(as well as of their own (human) kind (male and female), and of that which they know not.)[36:36] Allah's statement,

وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ

(and it is He Who brings forth the dead from the living.)

There are similar expressions in meaning such as, He brings the egg from the chicken, and the opposite. Others said that it means, He brings the wicked offspring from the righteous parent and the opposite, and there are other possible meanings for the Ayah. Allah said,

ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ

(Such is Allah,) meaning, He Who does all this, is Allah, the One and Only without partners,

فَأَنَّىٰ تُؤْفَكُونَ

(then how are you deluded away from the truth?) meaning, look how you are deluded from Truth to the falsehood of worshipping others besides Allah. Allah's statement,

فَالِقُ الْإِصْبَاحِ وَجَعَلَ اللَّيْلَ سَكَنًا

((He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting,) means, He is the Creator of light and darkness. Allah said in the beginning of the Surah,

وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورَ

(And originated the darkness and the light.)[6:1]

Indeed, Allah causes the darkness of the night to disappear and brings forth the day, thus bringing brighteness to the world and light to the horizon, while dissipating darkness and ending the night with its depth of darkness and starting the day with its brightness and light. Allah said,

يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثًا

(He brings the night as a cover over the day, seeking it rapidly.)[7:54]

In this Ayah, Allah reminds of His ability to create diversified things in opposites, testifying to His …

Verily! It is Allah Who causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout. He brings forth the living from the dead, and it is He Who brings forth the dead from the living. Such is Allah, then how are you deluded away from the truth (95)(He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting, and the sun and the moon for reckoning. Such is the measuring of the Almighty, the All-Knowing (96)It is He Who has set the stars for you, so that you may guide your course with their help through the darkness of the land and the sea. We have (indeed) explained in detail Our Ayat for people who know (97)

Recognizing Allah Through Some of His Ayat

Allah states that He causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout in the ground, producing various types, colors, shapes, and tastes of grains and produce. The Ayah,

فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَىٰ

(Who causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout.) is explained by the next statement,

يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ

(He brings forth the living from the dead, and it is He Who brings forth the deed from the living.) meaning, He brings the living plant from the seed grain and the fruit stone, which is a lifless and inanimate object. Allah said,

وَآيَةٌ لَّهُمُ الْأَرْضُ الْمَيْتَةُ أَحْيَيْنَاهَا وَأَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهَا حَبًّا فَمِنْهُ يَأْكُلُونَ

(And a sign for them is the dead land. We gave it life, and We brought forth from it grains, so that they eat thereof.)[36:33] until,

وَمِنْ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَمِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

(as well as of their own (human) kind (male and female), and of that which they know not.)[36:36] Allah's statement,

وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ

(and it is He Who brings forth the dead from the living.)

There are similar expressions in meaning such as, He brings the egg from the chicken, and the opposite. Others said that it means, He brings the wicked offspring from the righteous parent and the opposite, and there are other possible meanings for the Ayah. Allah said,

ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ

(Such is Allah,) meaning, He Who does all this, is Allah, the One and Only without partners,

فَأَنَّىٰ تُؤْفَكُونَ

(then how are you deluded away from the truth?) meaning, look how you are deluded from Truth to the falsehood of worshipping others besides Allah. Allah's statement,

فَالِقُ الْإِصْبَاحِ وَجَعَلَ اللَّيْلَ سَكَنًا

((He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting,) means, He is the Creator of light and darkness. Allah said in the beginning of the Surah,

وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورَ

(And originated the darkness and the light.)[6:1]

Indeed, Allah causes the darkness of the night to disappear and brings forth the day, thus bringing brighteness to the world and light to the horizon, while dissipating darkness and ending the night with its depth of darkness and starting the day with its brightness and light. Allah said,

يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثًا

(He brings the night as a cover over the day, seeking it rapidly.)[7:54]

In this Ayah, Allah reminds of His ability to create diversified things in opposites, testifying to His …

Verily! It is Allah Who causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout. He brings forth the living from the dead, and it is He Who brings forth the dead from the living. Such is Allah, then how are you deluded away from the truth (95)(He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting, and the sun and the moon for reckoning. Such is the measuring of the Almighty, the All-Knowing (96)It is He Who has set the stars for you, so that you may guide your course with their help through the darkness of the land and the sea. We have (indeed) explained in detail Our Ayat for people who know (97)

Recognizing Allah Through Some of His Ayat

Allah states that He causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout in the ground, producing various types, colors, shapes, and tastes of grains and produce. The Ayah,

فَالِقُ الْحَبِّ وَالنَّوَىٰ

(Who causes the seed grain and the fruit stone to split and sprout.) is explained by the next statement,

يُخْرِجُ الْحَيَّ مِنَ الْمَيِّتِ وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ

(He brings forth the living from the dead, and it is He Who brings forth the deed from the living.) meaning, He brings the living plant from the seed grain and the fruit stone, which is a lifless and inanimate object. Allah said,

وَآيَةٌ لَّهُمُ الْأَرْضُ الْمَيْتَةُ أَحْيَيْنَاهَا وَأَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهَا حَبًّا فَمِنْهُ يَأْكُلُونَ

(And a sign for them is the dead land. We gave it life, and We brought forth from it grains, so that they eat thereof.)[36:33] until,

وَمِنْ أَنفُسِهِمْ وَمِمَّا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

(as well as of their own (human) kind (male and female), and of that which they know not.)[36:36] Allah's statement,

وَمُخْرِجُ الْمَيِّتِ مِنَ الْحَيِّ

(and it is He Who brings forth the dead from the living.)

There are similar expressions in meaning such as, He brings the egg from the chicken, and the opposite. Others said that it means, He brings the wicked offspring from the righteous parent and the opposite, and there are other possible meanings for the Ayah. Allah said,

ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ

(Such is Allah,) meaning, He Who does all this, is Allah, the One and Only without partners,

فَأَنَّىٰ تُؤْفَكُونَ

(then how are you deluded away from the truth?) meaning, look how you are deluded from Truth to the falsehood of worshipping others besides Allah. Allah's statement,

فَالِقُ الْإِصْبَاحِ وَجَعَلَ اللَّيْلَ سَكَنًا

((He is the) Cleaver of the daybreak. He has appointed the night for resting,) means, He is the Creator of light and darkness. Allah said in the beginning of the Surah,

وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورَ

(And originated the darkness and the light.)[6:1]

Indeed, Allah causes the darkness of the night to disappear and brings forth the day, thus bringing brighteness to the world and light to the horizon, while dissipating darkness and ending the night with its depth of darkness and starting the day with its brightness and light. Allah said,

يُغْشِي اللَّيْلَ النَّهَارَ يَطْلُبُهُ حَثِيثًا

(He brings the night as a cover over the day, seeking it rapidly.)[7:54]

In this Ayah, Allah reminds of His ability to create diversified things in opposites, testifying to His …

It is He Who has created you from a single person, and has given you a place of residing and a place of storage. Indeed, We have explained in detail Our revelations for people who understand (98)It is He Who sends down water from the sky, and with it We bring forth vegetation of all kinds, and out of it We bring forth green stalks, from which We bring forth thick clustered grain. And out of the date-palm and its sprouts come forth clusters of dates hanging low and near, and gardens of grapes, olives and pomegranates, each similar, yet different. Look at their fruits when they begin to bear, and Yan'ih. Verily! In these things there are signs for people who believe.) Allah sai (99)

وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنشَأَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ

(It is He Who has created you from a single person,)[6:98] in reference to Adam, peace be upon him. In another Ayah, Allah said;

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا رِجَالًا كَثِيرًا وَنِسَاءً

(O mankind! Have Taqwa of your Lord, Who created you from a single person, and from him He created his mate, and from them both He created many men and women.)[4:1] Allah said,

فَمُسْتَقَرٌّ وَمُسْتَوْدَعٌ

(Mustaqar and Mustawda')

Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Abbas, Abu 'Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami, Qays bin Abu Hazim, Mujahid, 'Ata', Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Ad-Dahhak, Qatadah, As-Suddi and 'Ata' Al-Khurasani and others said that,

فَمُسْتَقَرٌّ

(Mustaqar), 'in the wombs'. They, or most of them, also said that,

وَمُسْتَوْدَعٌ

(And Mustawda',) means, 'in your father's loins'. Ibn Mas'ud and several others said that, Mustaqar, means residence in this life, while, Mustawda', means the place of storage after death (the grave). Allah's statement,

قَدْ فَصَّلْنَا الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَفْقَهُونَ

(Indeed, We have explained in detail Our revelations for people who understand.) refers to those who comprehend and understand Allah's Words and its meanings. Allah said next,

وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً

(It is He Who sends down water (rain) from the sky) in due measure, as a blessing and provision for the servants, relief and means of survival for the creatures and mercy from Allah for His creation. Allah's statement,

فَأَخْرَجْنَا بِهِ نَبَاتَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ

(And with it We bring forth vegetation of all kinds,) is similar to,

وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ حَيٍّ

(And We have made from water every living thing.)[21:30]

فَأَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهُ خَضِرًا

(and out of it We bring forth green stalks,) green produce and trees, on which We grow seeds and fruits.

نُّخْرِجُ مِنْهُ حَبًّا مُّتَرَاكِبًا

(from which We bring forth thick clustered grain.) lined on top of each other in clusters, like an ear or spike of grain.

وَمِنَ النَّخْلِ مِن طَلْعِهَا قِنْوَانٌ

(And out of the date-palm and its sprouts come forth clusters) of dates

دَانِيَةٌ

(hanging low) Within reach and easy to pick. 'Ali bin Abi Talhah Al-Walibi said that Ibn 'Abbas said that,

قِنْوَانٌ دَانِيَةٌ

(clusters hanging low) refers to short date trees whose branches hang low, close to the ground. This was recorded by Ibn Jarir. Allah's statement

وَجَنَّاتٍ مِّنْ أَعْنَابٍ …

It is He Who has created you from a single person, and has given you a place of residing and a place of storage. Indeed, We have explained in detail Our revelations for people who understand (98)It is He Who sends down water from the sky, and with it We bring forth vegetation of all kinds, and out of it We bring forth green stalks, from which We bring forth thick clustered grain. And out of the date-palm and its sprouts come forth clusters of dates hanging low and near, and gardens of grapes, olives and pomegranates, each similar, yet different. Look at their fruits when they begin to bear, and Yan'ih. Verily! In these things there are signs for people who believe.) Allah sai (99)

وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنشَأَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ

(It is He Who has created you from a single person,)[6:98] in reference to Adam, peace be upon him. In another Ayah, Allah said;

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اتَّقُوا رَبَّكُمُ الَّذِي خَلَقَكُم مِّن نَّفْسٍ وَاحِدَةٍ وَخَلَقَ مِنْهَا زَوْجَهَا وَبَثَّ مِنْهُمَا رِجَالًا كَثِيرًا وَنِسَاءً

(O mankind! Have Taqwa of your Lord, Who created you from a single person, and from him He created his mate, and from them both He created many men and women.)[4:1] Allah said,

فَمُسْتَقَرٌّ وَمُسْتَوْدَعٌ

(Mustaqar and Mustawda')

Ibn Mas'ud, Ibn 'Abbas, Abu 'Abdur-Rahman As-Sulami, Qays bin Abu Hazim, Mujahid, 'Ata', Ibrahim An-Nakha'i, Ad-Dahhak, Qatadah, As-Suddi and 'Ata' Al-Khurasani and others said that,

فَمُسْتَقَرٌّ

(Mustaqar), 'in the wombs'. They, or most of them, also said that,

وَمُسْتَوْدَعٌ

(And Mustawda',) means, 'in your father's loins'. Ibn Mas'ud and several others said that, Mustaqar, means residence in this life, while, Mustawda', means the place of storage after death (the grave). Allah's statement,

قَدْ فَصَّلْنَا الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَفْقَهُونَ

(Indeed, We have explained in detail Our revelations for people who understand.) refers to those who comprehend and understand Allah's Words and its meanings. Allah said next,

وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً

(It is He Who sends down water (rain) from the sky) in due measure, as a blessing and provision for the servants, relief and means of survival for the creatures and mercy from Allah for His creation. Allah's statement,

فَأَخْرَجْنَا بِهِ نَبَاتَ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ

(And with it We bring forth vegetation of all kinds,) is similar to,

وَجَعَلْنَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ حَيٍّ

(And We have made from water every living thing.)[21:30]

فَأَخْرَجْنَا مِنْهُ خَضِرًا

(and out of it We bring forth green stalks,) green produce and trees, on which We grow seeds and fruits.

نُّخْرِجُ مِنْهُ حَبًّا مُّتَرَاكِبًا

(from which We bring forth thick clustered grain.) lined on top of each other in clusters, like an ear or spike of grain.

وَمِنَ النَّخْلِ مِن طَلْعِهَا قِنْوَانٌ

(And out of the date-palm and its sprouts come forth clusters) of dates

دَانِيَةٌ

(hanging low) Within reach and easy to pick. 'Ali bin Abi Talhah Al-Walibi said that Ibn 'Abbas said that,

قِنْوَانٌ دَانِيَةٌ

(clusters hanging low) refers to short date trees whose branches hang low, close to the ground. This was recorded by Ibn Jarir. Allah's statement

وَجَنَّاتٍ مِّنْ أَعْنَابٍ …

Yet, they join the Jinns as partners in worship with Allah, though He has created them, and they attribute, falsely without knowledge - sons and daughters to Him. Be He Glorified and Exalted above what that they attribute to Him (100)

Rebuking the Idolators

This Ayah refutes the idolators who worshipped others besides Allah and associated the Jinns with Him in worship. Glory be to Allah above this Shirk and Kufr. If someone asks, how did the idolators worship the Jinns, although they only were idol worshippers? The answer is that in fact, they worshipped the idols by obeying the Jinns who commanded them to do so. Allah said in other Ayat,

إِن يَدْعُونَ مِن دُونِهِ إِلَّا إِنَاثًا وَإِن يَدْعُونَ إِلَّا شَيْطَانًا مَّرِيدًا - لَّعَنَهُ اللَّهُ ۘ وَقَالَ لَأَتَّخِذَنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِكَ نَصِيبًا مَّفْرُوضًا - وَلَأُضِلَّنَّهُمْ وَلَأُمَنِّيَنَّهُمْ وَلَآمُرَنَّهُمْ فَلَيُبَتِّكُنَّ آذَانَ الْأَنْعَامِ وَلَآمُرَنَّهُمْ فَلَيُغَيِّرُنَّ خَلْقَ اللَّهِ وَمَن يَتَّخِذِ الشَّيْطَانَ وَلِيًّا مِّن دُونِ اللَّهِ فَقَدْ خَسِرَ خُسْرَانًا مُّبِينًا - يَعِدُهُمْ وَيُمَنِّيهِمْ وَمَا يَعِدُهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ إِلَّا غُرُورًا

(They invoke nothing but female deities besides Him, and they invoke nothing but Shaytan, a persistent rebel! Allah cursed him. And he (Shaytan) said: "I will take an appointed portion of your servants. Verily, I will mislead them, and surely, I will arouse in them false desires; and certainly, I will order them to slit the ears of cattle, and indeed I will order them to change the nature created by Allah." And whoever takes Shaytan as a protector instead of Allah, has surely suffered a manifest loss. He (Shaytan) makes promises to them, and arouses in them false desires; and Shaytan's promises are nothing but deceptions.)[4:117-120] and,

أَفَتَتَّخِذُونَهُ وَذُرِّيَّتَهُ أَوْلِيَاءَ مِن دُونِي

(Will you then take him (Iblis) and his offspring as protectors and helpers rather than Me?)[18:50] Ibrahim said to his father,

يَا أَبَتِ لَا تَعْبُدِ الشَّيْطَانَ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ كَانَ لِلرَّحْمَٰنِ عَصِيًّا

("O my father! Worship not Shaytan. Verily! Shaytan has been a rebel against the Most Beneficent (Allah).")[19:44] Allah said,

أَلَمْ أَعْهَدْ إِلَيْكُمْ يَا بَنِي آدَمَ أَن لَّا تَعْبُدُوا الشَّيْطَانَ إِنَّهُ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ - وَأَنِ اعْبُدُونِي هَٰذَا صِرَاطٌ مُّسْتَقِيمٌ

(Did I not ordain for you, O Children of Adam, that you should not worship Shaytan. Verily, he is a plain enemy to you. And that you should worship Me. That is a straight path.)[36:60-61] On the Day of Resurrection, the angels will proclaim,

سُبْحَانَكَ أَنتَ وَلِيُّنَا مِن دُونِهِم بَلْ كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَ الْجِنَّ أَكْثَرُهُم بِهِم مُّؤْمِنُونَ

(Glorified be You! You are our Protector instead of them. Nay, but they used to worship the Jinn; most of them were believers in them.)[34:41] This is why Allah said here,

وَجَعَلُوا لِلَّهِ شُرَكَاءَ الْجِنَّ وَخَلَقَهُمْ

(Yet, they join the Jinns as partners in worship with Allah, though He has created them.)[6:100],

Alone without partners. Consequently, how is it that another deity is being worshipped along with Him? As Ibrahim said,

قَالَ أَتَعْبُدُونَ مَا تَنْحِتُونَ - وَاللَّهُ خَلَقَكُمْ وَمَا …