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6. Al-An'aam

The Cattle · Meccan · 165 ayahs

سُورَةُ الأَنۡعَامِ

Reading Tafsir Ibn al-Qayyim by Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah

Ayahs 131–140 of 165

131

ذَٰلِكَ أَن لَّمْ يَكُن رَّبُّكَ مُهْلِكَ ٱلْقُرَىٰ بِظُلْمٍۢ وَأَهْلُهَا غَٰفِلُونَ

That is because your Lord would not destroy the cities for wrongdoing while their people were unaware.

قِيلَ: لَمْ يَكُنْ مُهْلِكَهم بِظُلْمِهِمْ، وشِرْكِهِمْ وهم غافِلُونَ، لَمْ يُنْذَرُوا ولَمْ يَأْتِهِمْ رَسُولٌ.

وَقِيلَ: لَمْ يُهْلِكْهم قَبْلَ التَّذْكِيرِ بِإرْسالِ الرَّسُولِ، فَيَكُونُ قَدْ ظَلَمَهُمْ، فَإنَّهُ سُبْحانَهُ لا يَأْخُذُ أحَدًا ولا يُعاقِبُهُ إلّا بِذَنْبِهِ، وإنَّما يَكُونُ مُذْنِبًا إذا خالَفَ أمْرَهُ ونَهْيَهُ، وذَلِكَ إنَّما يُعْلَمُ بِالرُّسُلِ.

فَإذا شاهَدَ العَبْدُ القَدَرَ السّابِقَ بِالذَّنْبِ، عَلِمَ أنَّ اللَّهَ سُبْحانَهُ قَدَّرَهُ سَبَبًا مُقْتَضِيًا لِأثَرِهِ مِنَ العُقُوبَةِ، كَما قَدَّرَ الطّاعَةَ سَبَبًا مُقْتَضِيًا لِلثَّوابِ، وكَذَلِكَ تَقْدِيرُ سائِرِ أسْبابِ الخَيْرِ والشَّرِّ، كَجَعْلِ السُّمِّ سَبَبًا لِلْمَوْتِ، والنّارِ سَبَبًا لِلْإحْراقِ، والماءِ سَبَبًا لِلْإغْراقِ.

فَإذا أقْدَمَ العَبْدُ عَلى سَبَبِ الهَلاكِ - وقَدْ عَرَفَ أنَّهُ سَبَبُ الهَلاكِ - فَهَلَكَ فالحُجَّةُ مُرَكَّبَةٌ عَلَيْهِ، والمُؤاخَذَةُ لازِمَةٌ لَهُ، كالحَرِيقِ مَثَلًا، والذَّنْبُ كالنّارِ، وإتْيانُهُ لَهُ كَتَقْدِيمِهِ نَفْسَهُ لِلنّارِ، ومُلاحَظَةُ الحُكْمِ فِيما لا يُجْدِي عَلَيْهِ شَيْئًا، فَإنَّما الَّذِي يَشْهَدُهُ عِنْدَ قِيامِ الحُجَّةِ عَلَيْهِ مُلاحَظَةُ الأمْرِ، لا مُلاحَظَةُ القَدَرِ.

فَجَعْلُ صاحِبِ المَنازِلِ هَذِهِ اللَّطِيفَةَ مِن مُلاحَظَةِ الجِنايَةِ والقَضِيَّةِ لَيْسَ بِالبَيِّنِ، بَلْ هو مِن مُلاحَظَةِ الجِنايَةِ والأمْرِ، لَكِنَّ مُرادَهُ أنَّ سِرَّ التَّقْدِيرِ أنَّهُ قَدْ عَلِمَ أنَّ هَذا العَبْدَ لا يَصْلُحُ إلّا لِلْوَقُودِ، كالشَّوْكِ الَّذِي لا يَصْلُحُ إلّا لِلنّارِ، والشَّجَرَةُ تَشْتَمِلُ عَلى الثَّمَرِ والشَّوْكِ، فاقْتَضى عَدْلُهُ سُبْحانَهُ أنْ يَسُوقَ هَذا العَبْدَ إلى ما لا يَصْلُحُ إلّا لَهُ، وأنْ يُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ حُجَّةَ عَدْلِهِ، فَإنْ قَدَّرَ عَلَيْهِ الذَّنْبَ فَواقَعَهُ، فاسْتَحَقَّ ما خُلِقَ لَهُ، قالَ اللَّهُ تَعالى ﴿وَما عَلَّمْناهُ الشِّعْرَ وما يَنْبَغِي لَهُ إنْ هو إلّا ذِكْرٌ وقُرْآنٌ مُبِينٌ - لِيُنْذِرَ مَن كانَ حَيًّا ويَحِقَّ القَوْلُ عَلى الكافِرِينَ﴾ [يس: ٦٩-٧٠].

Al-An'aam 6:131Listen in Qur'an →
132

وَلِكُلٍّۢ دَرَجَٰتٌۭ مِّمَّا عَمِلُوا۟ ۚ وَمَا رَبُّكَ بِغَٰفِلٍ عَمَّا يَعْمَلُونَ

And for all are degrees from what they have done. And your Lord is not unaware of what they do.

Explained together with ayah 131

Al-An'aam 6:132Listen in Qur'an →
133

وَرَبُّكَ ٱلْغَنِىُّ ذُو ٱلرَّحْمَةِ ۚ إِن يَشَأْ يُذْهِبْكُمْ وَيَسْتَخْلِفْ مِنۢ بَعْدِكُم مَّا يَشَآءُ كَمَآ أَنشَأَكُم مِّن ذُرِّيَّةِ قَوْمٍ ءَاخَرِينَ

And your Lord is the Free of need, the possessor of mercy. If He wills, he can do away with you and give succession after you to whomever He wills, just as He produced you from the descendants of another people.

Explained together with ayah 131

Al-An'aam 6:133Listen in Qur'an →
134

إِنَّ مَا تُوعَدُونَ لَءَاتٍۢ ۖ وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُعْجِزِينَ

Indeed, what you are promised is coming, and you will not cause failure [to Allah].

Explained together with ayah 131

Al-An'aam 6:134Listen in Qur'an →
135

قُلْ يَٰقَوْمِ ٱعْمَلُوا۟ عَلَىٰ مَكَانَتِكُمْ إِنِّى عَامِلٌۭ ۖ فَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ مَن تَكُونُ لَهُۥ عَٰقِبَةُ ٱلدَّارِ ۗ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُفْلِحُ ٱلظَّٰلِمُونَ

Say, "O my people, work according to your position; [for] indeed, I am working. And you are going to know who will have succession in the home. Indeed, the wrongdoers will not succeed.

Explained together with ayah 131

Al-An'aam 6:135Listen in Qur'an →
136

وَجَعَلُوا۟ لِلَّهِ مِمَّا ذَرَأَ مِنَ ٱلْحَرْثِ وَٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ نَصِيبًۭا فَقَالُوا۟ هَٰذَا لِلَّهِ بِزَعْمِهِمْ وَهَٰذَا لِشُرَكَآئِنَا ۖ فَمَا كَانَ لِشُرَكَآئِهِمْ فَلَا يَصِلُ إِلَى ٱللَّهِ ۖ وَمَا كَانَ لِلَّهِ فَهُوَ يَصِلُ إِلَىٰ شُرَكَآئِهِمْ ۗ سَآءَ مَا يَحْكُمُونَ

And the polytheists assign to Allah from that which He created of crops and livestock a share and say, "This is for Allah," by their claim, "and this is for our partners [associated with Him]." But what is for their "partners" does not reach Allah, while what is for Allah - this reaches their "partners." Evil is that which they rule.

Explained together with ayah 131

Al-An'aam 6:136Listen in Qur'an →
137

وَكَذَٰلِكَ زَيَّنَ لِكَثِيرٍۢ مِّنَ ٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ قَتْلَ أَوْلَٰدِهِمْ شُرَكَآؤُهُمْ لِيُرْدُوهُمْ وَلِيَلْبِسُوا۟ عَلَيْهِمْ دِينَهُمْ ۖ وَلَوْ شَآءَ ٱللَّهُ مَا فَعَلُوهُ ۖ فَذَرْهُمْ وَمَا يَفْتَرُونَ

And likewise, to many of the polytheists their partners have made [to seem] pleasing the killing of their children in order to bring about their destruction and to cover them with confusion in their religion. And if Allah had willed, they would not have done so. So leave them and that which they invent.

Explained together with ayah 131

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138

وَقَالُوا۟ هَٰذِهِۦٓ أَنْعَٰمٌۭ وَحَرْثٌ حِجْرٌۭ لَّا يَطْعَمُهَآ إِلَّا مَن نَّشَآءُ بِزَعْمِهِمْ وَأَنْعَٰمٌ حُرِّمَتْ ظُهُورُهَا وَأَنْعَٰمٌۭ لَّا يَذْكُرُونَ ٱسْمَ ٱللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا ٱفْتِرَآءً عَلَيْهِ ۚ سَيَجْزِيهِم بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَفْتَرُونَ

And they say, "These animals and crops are forbidden; no one may eat from them except whom we will," by their claim. And there are those [camels] whose backs are forbidden [by them] and those upon which the name of Allah is not mentioned - [all of this] an invention of untruth about Him. He will punish them for what they were inventing.

Explained together with ayah 131

Al-An'aam 6:138Listen in Qur'an →
139

وَقَالُوا۟ مَا فِى بُطُونِ هَٰذِهِ ٱلْأَنْعَٰمِ خَالِصَةٌۭ لِّذُكُورِنَا وَمُحَرَّمٌ عَلَىٰٓ أَزْوَٰجِنَا ۖ وَإِن يَكُن مَّيْتَةًۭ فَهُمْ فِيهِ شُرَكَآءُ ۚ سَيَجْزِيهِمْ وَصْفَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ حَكِيمٌ عَلِيمٌۭ

And they say, "What is in the bellies of these animals is exclusively for our males and forbidden to our females. But if it is [born] dead, then all of them have shares therein." He will punish them for their description. Indeed, He is Wise and Knowing.

Explained together with ayah 131

Al-An'aam 6:139Listen in Qur'an →
140

قَدْ خَسِرَ ٱلَّذِينَ قَتَلُوٓا۟ أَوْلَٰدَهُمْ سَفَهًۢا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍۢ وَحَرَّمُوا۟ مَا رَزَقَهُمُ ٱللَّهُ ٱفْتِرَآءً عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۚ قَدْ ضَلُّوا۟ وَمَا كَانُوا۟ مُهْتَدِينَ

Those will have lost who killed their children in foolishness without knowledge and prohibited what Allah had provided for them, inventing untruth about Allah. They have gone astray and were not [rightly] guided.

Explained together with ayah 131

Al-An'aam 6:140Listen in Qur'an →

Commentary: Tafsir Ibn al-Qayyim by Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.