6. Al-An'aam

And if We had sent down the angels to them and the dead had spoken with them as they have requested and We had gathered against them all things in droves read qubulan plural of qabīl meaning ‘throng upon throng’ or read qibalan meaning ‘before their very eyes’ and they were witness to your truthfulness yet they would not have believed as God already knows unless God willed that they believe and they did; but most of them are ignorant of this.

And so We have appointed to every Prophet an enemy just as We have appointed these your enemies and this ‘adūwwan ‘an enemy’ is substituted by the following shayātīn ‘devils’ devils the rebels of mankind and jinn who inspire whisper fine speech to each other the falsehood that is disguised as such fine speech in delusion that is in order to delude them; yet had your Lord willed they would never have done it that mutual inspiration. So leave them let the disbelievers be with what they fabricate of disbelief and otherwise of what has been adorned for them — this was revealed before the command to fight them.

And that the hearts of those who do not believe in the Hereafter may incline to it wa-li-tasghā is a supplement to the above ghurūran ‘in delusion’ that is to that fine speech and that they may be pleased with it and that they may acquire earn what they are acquiring of sins and be punished for it.

The following was revealed when they asked the Prophet s to appoint an arbiter between him and themselves. Say Shall I seek demand other than God as a judge an arbiter between you and me when it is He Who revealed to you the Book the Qur’ān clearly explained? wherein truth is distinguished from falsehood. Those to whom We have given the Scripture the Torah the likes of ‘Abd Allāh b. Salām and his companions know that it is revealed read munzal or munazzal from your Lord in truth; so do not be of the waverers the doubters regarding it this is intended to affirm to the disbelievers that it is the truth.

Perfected is the word of your Lord in the way of rulings and appointed terms in truthfulness and justice sidqan wa-‘adlan is for specification; none can change His words either by contravening His rulings or evading His appointed terms. He is the Hearing of what is said the Knowing of what is done.

Your Lord knows best those who stray from His way and He knows well the rightly guided and will requite both of them.

So eat from that over which God’s Name has been invoked that is that which has been sacrificed to His Name if you believe in His signs.

What is wrong with you that you do not eat from that over which God’s Name has been invoked of sacrifices when He has detailed for both verbs read the passive fussila ‘it has been detailed’ and hurrima ‘that which has been forbidden’ or the active fassala ‘He has detailed’ and harrama ‘what He has forbidden’ for you what He has forbidden in the verse Forbidden to you is carrion … Q. 53 except that to which you are compelled? thereof which is also lawful for you. The meaning is there is nothing to prevent you from eating what has been mentioned for He has explained to you what is forbidden for consumption and that over which God’s Name has been invoked is not among these forbidden things. But truly many are led astray read la-yadillūna ‘many are led astray’ or la-yudillūna ‘many lead others astray’ by their whims by what their own selves fancy in the way of permitting the consumption of carrion and otherwise without any knowledge with which to support their claims. Truly your Lord knows the transgressors those who overstep the bounds of what is lawful into what is unlawful.

And forsake leave outward aspect of sin and its inward aspect that is what is overt of it and what is secret — it is said that ‘sin’ here means fornication or it is said any act of disobedience; surely those who earn sin shall be requited in the Hereafter for what they used to perpetrate what they used to earn.