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14. Ibrahim

Abraham · Meccan · 52 ayahs

سُورَةُ إِبۡرَاهِيمَ

Reading Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti

Ayahs 21–30 of 52

21

وَبَرَزُوا۟ لِلَّهِ جَمِيعًۭا فَقَالَ ٱلضُّعَفَٰٓؤُا۟ لِلَّذِينَ ٱسْتَكْبَرُوٓا۟ إِنَّا كُنَّا لَكُمْ تَبَعًۭا فَهَلْ أَنتُم مُّغْنُونَ عَنَّا مِنْ عَذَابِ ٱللَّهِ مِن شَىْءٍۢ ۚ قَالُوا۟ لَوْ هَدَىٰنَا ٱللَّهُ لَهَدَيْنَٰكُمْ ۖ سَوَآءٌ عَلَيْنَآ أَجَزِعْنَآ أَمْ صَبَرْنَا مَا لَنَا مِن مَّحِيصٍۢ

And they will come out [for judgement] before Allah all together, and the weak will say to those who were arrogant, "Indeed, we were your followers, so can you avail us anything against the punishment of Allah?" They will say, "If Allah had guided us, we would have guided you. It is all the same for us whether we show intolerance or are patient: there is for us no place of escape."

And they that is all creatures sally forth to God wa-barazū this and what follows is expressed in the past tense because it will come to pass all together; then the weak the followers say to those who were arrogant those who were followed ‘Indeed we were your followers taba‘an is the plural of tābi‘. Will you then avail defend us against the chastisement of God in any way?’ min ‘adhābi’Llāhi min shay’in the first min is explicative while the second one is partitive. They the ones followed say ‘If God had guided us we would have guided you we would have called you to right guidance. It is the same for us whether we rage impatiently or patiently endure; we do not have any asylum’ any refuge min mahīs ‘any asylum’ min is extra.

22

وَقَالَ ٱلشَّيْطَٰنُ لَمَّا قُضِىَ ٱلْأَمْرُ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ وَعَدَكُمْ وَعْدَ ٱلْحَقِّ وَوَعَدتُّكُمْ فَأَخْلَفْتُكُمْ ۖ وَمَا كَانَ لِىَ عَلَيْكُم مِّن سُلْطَٰنٍ إِلَّآ أَن دَعَوْتُكُمْ فَٱسْتَجَبْتُمْ لِى ۖ فَلَا تَلُومُونِى وَلُومُوٓا۟ أَنفُسَكُم ۖ مَّآ أَنَا۠ بِمُصْرِخِكُمْ وَمَآ أَنتُم بِمُصْرِخِىَّ ۖ إِنِّى كَفَرْتُ بِمَآ أَشْرَكْتُمُونِ مِن قَبْلُ ۗ إِنَّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۭ

And Satan will say when the matter has been concluded, "Indeed, Allah had promised you the promise of truth. And I promised you, but I betrayed you. But I had no authority over you except that I invited you, and you responded to me. So do not blame me; but blame yourselves. I cannot be called to your aid, nor can you be called to my aid. Indeed, I deny your association of me [with Allah] before. Indeed, for the wrongdoers is a painful punishment."

And Satan Iblīs says when the issue has been decided and the people of Paradise are in Paradise and those of the Fire are in the Fire and they the people of the Fire have gathered round him ‘Truly God promised you a promise of truth regarding resurrection and requital fulfilling it to you; whereas I promised you that this would not be then failed you for over you I had no warrant min sultān min is extra no power or capacity to compel you to follow me except that I called you and you responded to me. So do not blame me but blame yourselves for having responded to me. I cannot heed your distress call I cannot bring aid to you nor can you heed mine read bi-musrikhiyya or bi-musrikhī. Lo! I disbelieved in your making me an associate of God formerly’ during life on earth. God exalted be He says Truly for the evildoers the disbelievers there shall be a painful chastisement.

23

وَأُدْخِلَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ جَنَّٰتٍۢ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهَا ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ خَٰلِدِينَ فِيهَا بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهِمْ ۖ تَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلَٰمٌ

And those who believed and did righteous deeds will be admitted to gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding eternally therein by permission of their Lord; and their greeting therein will be, "Peace!"

And those who believed and performed righteous deeds they are admitted to gardens underneath which rivers flow abiding khālidīna is a circumstantial qualifier of an implied situation therein by the leave of their Lord their greeting therein from God and from the angels and between themselves ‘Peace!’.

24

أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ ضَرَبَ ٱللَّهُ مَثَلًۭا كَلِمَةًۭ طَيِّبَةًۭ كَشَجَرَةٍۢ طَيِّبَةٍ أَصْلُهَا ثَابِتٌۭ وَفَرْعُهَا فِى ٱلسَّمَآءِ

Have you not considered how Allah presents an example, [making] a good word like a good tree, whose root is firmly fixed and its branches [high] in the sky?

Have you not seen observed how God has struck a similitude? mathalan is substituted by the following words kalimatan tayyibatan a goodly saying which is ‘there is no god but God’ is as a goodly tree a palm tree its root set firm in the ground and its shoots its branches are in heaven;

25

تُؤْتِىٓ أُكُلَهَا كُلَّ حِينٍۭ بِإِذْنِ رَبِّهَا ۗ وَيَضْرِبُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْأَمْثَالَ لِلنَّاسِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَذَكَّرُونَ

It produces its fruit all the time, by permission of its Lord. And Allah presents examples for the people that perhaps they will be reminded.

it gives its produce its fruit every season by the leave of its Lord by His will. Similarly the words of faith are set firm in the heart of the believer; his works are raised up to heaven and he receives the blessings and reward therefrom all the time. And God strikes He makes clear similitudes for mankind so that they might remember be admonished and therefore believe.

26

وَمَثَلُ كَلِمَةٍ خَبِيثَةٍۢ كَشَجَرَةٍ خَبِيثَةٍ ٱجْتُثَّتْ مِن فَوْقِ ٱلْأَرْضِ مَا لَهَا مِن قَرَارٍۢ

And the example of a bad word is like a bad tree, uprooted from the surface of the earth, not having any stability.

And the similitude of a bad saying that is the word of unbelief is as a bad tree a colocynth uprooted from upon the earth having no stability no fixing or foundation. Similarly the word of unbelief has no foundation and no shoot or blessing.

27

يُثَبِّتُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ بِٱلْقَوْلِ ٱلثَّابِتِ فِى ٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَفِى ٱلْءَاخِرَةِ ۖ وَيُضِلُّ ٱللَّهُ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ ۚ وَيَفْعَلُ ٱللَّهُ مَا يَشَآءُ

Allah keeps firm those who believe, with the firm word, in worldly life and in the Hereafter. And Allah sends astray the wrongdoers. And Allah does what He wills.

God confirms those who believe by a firm saying namely the profession of His Oneness in the life of this world and in the Hereafter that is in the grave when the two angels question them about their Lord their religion and their Prophet and they respond correctly as reported in the hadīth of the two Shaykhs al-Bukhārī and Muslim; and God sends astray the evildoers the disbelievers and therefore they are not guided to the correct response saying instead ‘We do not know’ as reported in the hadīth; and God does what He will.

28

۞ أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى ٱلَّذِينَ بَدَّلُوا۟ نِعْمَتَ ٱللَّهِ كُفْرًۭا وَأَحَلُّوا۟ قَوْمَهُمْ دَارَ ٱلْبَوَارِ

Have you not considered those who exchanged the favor of Allah for disbelief and settled their people [in] the home of ruin?

Have you not seen observed those who exchanged God’s grace that is the thanks due for it for unthankfulness — these were the disbelievers of Quraysh — and who by leading them astray caused their people to take up residence in the Abode of Ruin?

29

جَهَنَّمَ يَصْلَوْنَهَا ۖ وَبِئْسَ ٱلْقَرَارُ

[It is] Hell, which they will [enter to] burn, and wretched is the settlement.

Hell jahannama a supplement functioning as an explicative to which they shall be exposed admitted — an evil place to settle!

30

وَجَعَلُوا۟ لِلَّهِ أَندَادًۭا لِّيُضِلُّوا۟ عَن سَبِيلِهِۦ ۗ قُلْ تَمَتَّعُوا۟ فَإِنَّ مَصِيرَكُمْ إِلَى ٱلنَّارِ

And they have attributed to Allah equals to mislead [people] from His way. Say, "Enjoy yourselves, for indeed, your destination is the Fire."

And they have set up rivals to associates with God that they might lead others astray read li-yadillū or li-yudillū from His way the religion of Islam. Say to them ‘Enjoy! this world of yours for a short time. For lo! your journey’s end your return shall be to the Fire!’.

Commentary: Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.