سُورَةُ يُونُسَ
Reading Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti
Ayahs 1–10 of 109
بِسْمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ
الٓر ۚ تِلْكَ ءَايَٰتُ ٱلْكِتَٰبِ ٱلْحَكِيمِ
Alif, Lam, Ra. These are the verses of the wise Book
Alif lām rā’ God knows best what He means by these letters. Those namely these signs are the signs of the wise Book that is the Qur’ān the genitive annexation āyāt al-kitāb has the meaning of min sc. min āyāti’l-kitāb ‘from among the verses of the Book’ which has been made clear.
أَكَانَ لِلنَّاسِ عَجَبًا أَنْ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَىٰ رَجُلٍۢ مِّنْهُمْ أَنْ أَنذِرِ ٱلنَّاسَ وَبَشِّرِ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوٓا۟ أَنَّ لَهُمْ قَدَمَ صِدْقٍ عِندَ رَبِّهِمْ ۗ قَالَ ٱلْكَٰفِرُونَ إِنَّ هَٰذَا لَسَٰحِرٌۭ مُّبِينٌ
Have the people been amazed that We revealed [revelation] to a man from among them, [saying], "Warn mankind and give good tidings to those who believe that they will have a [firm] precedence of honor with their Lord"? [But] the disbelievers say, "Indeed, this is an obvious magician."
Is it for the people the people of Mecca this interrogative is meant as a disavowal; the preposition li- ‘for’ and its dependent genitive noun al-nās ‘the people’ constitute a circumstantial qualifier of His saying a wonder ‘ajaban read in the accusative as a predicate of kāna; or if read in the nominative ‘ajabun as its subject its predicate which is also its subject if read according to the former accusative reading is the following an awhaynā that We have inspired a man from among them Muhammad (s) saying an ‘that’ is explicative ‘Warn threaten the people the disbelievers with chastisement and give good tidings to those who believe that they have a prior a preceding promise of truth with their Lord’? that is a preceding fair reward in return for the deeds they have sent forward. The disbelievers say ‘Truly this Qur’ān that comprises all of that mentioned is manifest sorcery’ a variant reading for la-sihrun has la-sāhirun ‘a sorcerer’ where it is the Prophet s to whom they are referring as being ‘a manifest sorcerer’.
إِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ ٱللَّهُ ٱلَّذِى خَلَقَ ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضَ فِى سِتَّةِ أَيَّامٍۢ ثُمَّ ٱسْتَوَىٰ عَلَى ٱلْعَرْشِ ۖ يُدَبِّرُ ٱلْأَمْرَ ۖ مَا مِن شَفِيعٍ إِلَّا مِنۢ بَعْدِ إِذْنِهِۦ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ ٱللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ فَٱعْبُدُوهُ ۚ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ
Indeed, your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days and then established Himself above the Throne, arranging the matter [of His creation]. There is no intercessor except after His permission. That is Allah, your Lord, so worship Him. Then will you not remember?
Truly your Lord is God Who created the heavens and the earth in six days of the days of this world that is in the same measure of time since there was no sun or moon then had He willed He could have created them in an instant but the reason for His not having done so is that He wanted to teach His creatures to be circumspect; then He presided upon the Throne a presiding befitting of Him directing affairs among creatures. There is no mā min indicates a relative clause intercessor to intercede for anyone save after His permission a refutation of their saying ‘The idols intercede for us!’; that Creator and Director is God your Lord so worship Him affirm His Oneness. Will you not remember? tadhakkarūna the original tā’ of tatadhakkarūna has been assimilated with the dhāl.
إِلَيْهِ مَرْجِعُكُمْ جَمِيعًۭا ۖ وَعْدَ ٱللَّهِ حَقًّا ۚ إِنَّهُۥ يَبْدَؤُا۟ ٱلْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ يُعِيدُهُۥ لِيَجْزِىَ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ بِٱلْقِسْطِ ۚ وَٱلَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا۟ لَهُمْ شَرَابٌۭ مِّنْ حَمِيمٍۢ وَعَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌۢ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْفُرُونَ
To Him is your return all together. [It is] the promise of Allah [which is] truth. Indeed, He begins the [process of] creation and then repeats it that He may reward those who have believed and done righteous deeds, in justice. But those who disbelieved will have a drink of scalding water and a painful punishment for what they used to deny.
To Him exalted be He is the return of all of you God’s promise in truth both wa‘da and haqqan are verbal nouns and in the accusative because of the verbs implicit in them. Truly He read innahu as a new sentence or annahu with an implied lām sc. li-annahu ‘Because He’ originates creation that is He began it by originating it then recreates it through resurrection that He may requite reward those who believe and perform righteous deeds justly. And those who disbelieve for them will be a draught of boiling water and a painful chastisement because they disbelieved.
هُوَ ٱلَّذِى جَعَلَ ٱلشَّمْسَ ضِيَآءًۭ وَٱلْقَمَرَ نُورًۭا وَقَدَّرَهُۥ مَنَازِلَ لِتَعْلَمُوا۟ عَدَدَ ٱلسِّنِينَ وَٱلْحِسَابَ ۚ مَا خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ ذَٰلِكَ إِلَّا بِٱلْحَقِّ ۚ يُفَصِّلُ ٱلْءَايَٰتِ لِقَوْمٍۢ يَعْلَمُونَ
It is He who made the sun a shining light and the moon a derived light and determined for it phases - that you may know the number of years and account [of time]. Allah has not created this except in truth. He details the signs for a people who know
He it is Who made the sun a radiance that is emitting light and the moon a light and determined it with respect to its movement in stations 28 stations in 28 nights every month becoming concealed for two nights when a particular month has 30 days or concealed for one night when it has 29 days so that you might know thereby the number of the years and the reckoning. God did not create that which is mentioned save in truth not in vain exalted be He above such things. He details read yufassilu or nufassilu ‘We detail’ the signs for a people who know who reflect.
إِنَّ فِى ٱخْتِلَٰفِ ٱلَّيْلِ وَٱلنَّهَارِ وَمَا خَلَقَ ٱللَّهُ فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ لَءَايَٰتٍۢ لِّقَوْمٍۢ يَتَّقُونَ
Indeed, in the alternation of the night and the day and [in] what Allah has created in the heavens and the earth are signs for a people who fear Allah
Truly in the alternation of night and day in their coming and going increasing and diminishing and in what God has created in the heavens of angels sun moon stars and other things and in the earth of animals mountains seas rivers trees and other things there are signs indications of His power exalted be He for a people who fear Him and so believe He singles these out for mention because they are the ones to benefit from them such signs.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يَرْجُونَ لِقَآءَنَا وَرَضُوا۟ بِٱلْحَيَوٰةِ ٱلدُّنْيَا وَٱطْمَأَنُّوا۟ بِهَا وَٱلَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنْ ءَايَٰتِنَا غَٰفِلُونَ
Indeed, those who do not expect the meeting with Us and are satisfied with the life of this world and feel secure therein and those who are heedless of Our signs
Truly those who do not expect to encounter Us through resurrection and are content with the life of this world instead of the life the Hereafter since they reject the truth of it and feel reassured feel secure in it and those who are heedless of Our signs of the proofs of Our Oneness neglecting to ponder them
أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ مَأْوَىٰهُمُ ٱلنَّارُ بِمَا كَانُوا۟ يَكْسِبُونَ
For those their refuge will be the Fire because of what they used to earn.
those their abode will be the Fire because of what they used to earn in the way of practising idolatry and performing acts of disobedience.
إِنَّ ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ وَعَمِلُوا۟ ٱلصَّٰلِحَٰتِ يَهْدِيهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِإِيمَٰنِهِمْ ۖ تَجْرِى مِن تَحْتِهِمُ ٱلْأَنْهَٰرُ فِى جَنَّٰتِ ٱلنَّعِيمِ
Indeed, those who have believed and done righteous deeds - their Lord will guide them because of their faith. Beneath them rivers will flow in the Gardens of Pleasure
Truly those who believe and perform righteous deeds their Lord will guide them He will lead them through their faith in Him by appointing for them a light with which they will be able to find their way on the Day of Resurrection. Rivers will flow beneath them in the Gardens of Bliss
دَعْوَىٰهُمْ فِيهَا سُبْحَٰنَكَ ٱللَّهُمَّ وَتَحِيَّتُهُمْ فِيهَا سَلَٰمٌۭ ۚ وَءَاخِرُ دَعْوَىٰهُمْ أَنِ ٱلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ رَبِّ ٱلْعَٰلَمِينَ
Their call therein will be, "Exalted are You, O Allah," and their greeting therein will be, "Peace." And the last of their call will be, "Praise to Allah, Lord of the worlds!"
their prayer therein their request for what they desire in Paradise will be to say ‘Glory be to You O God!’ so that lo! what they request they find before them; and their greeting between them therein will be ‘Peace.’ And their final prayer will be ‘Praise be to God Lord of the Worlds’.
Commentary: Tafsir al-Jalalayn by Jalal al-Din al-Mahalli & Jalal al-Din al-Suyuti. Qur'an text and translation via AlQuran Cloud.
